Leningradsky Metallichesky Zavod (russian: Ленинградский Металлический Завод), also known as LMZ, is the largest

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. It is the largest country in the world, with its internationally recognised territory covering , and encompassing one-eig ...

n manufacturer of power machines and

turbines A turbine ( or ) (from the Greek , ''tyrbē'', or Latin ''turbo'', meaning vortex) is a rotary mechanical device that extracts energy from a fluid flow and converts it into useful Work (physics), work. The work produced by a turbine can be used ...

for

electric Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of matter that has a property of electric charge. Electricity is related to magnetism, both being part of the phenomenon of electromagnetism, as described by ...

power stations.

History

The company was founded in 1857, in

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

as a boiler works and small

foundry A foundry is a factory that produces metal castings. Metals are cast into shapes by melting them into a liquid, pouring the metal into a mold, and removing the mold material after the metal has solidified as it cools. The most common metals pr ...

. The industry is still located on the original site, on the right bank of the Neva River, in St. Petersburg. Steam turbines have been produced here since 1907 when the company was licensed to build French Rateau turbines. At the same time it began to build

gun turret A gun turret (or simply turret) is a mounting platform from which weapons can be fired that affords protection, visibility and ability to turn and aim. A modern gun turret is generally a rotatable weapon mount that houses the crew or mechani ...

s, gun mountings and

torpedo tube A torpedo tube is a cylindrical device for launching torpedoes. There are two main types of torpedo tube: underwater tubes fitted to submarines and some surface ships, and deck-mounted units (also referred to as torpedo launchers) installed aboa ...

s. In 1912 the company received a contract for a number of s originally designed by

AG Vulcan Stettin Aktien-Gesellschaft Vulcan Stettin (short AG Vulcan Stettin) was a German shipbuilding and locomotive building company. Founded in 1851, it was located near the former eastern German city of Stettin, today Polish Szczecin. Because of the limited ...

. It contracted at the same time with Vulcan to build a shipyard as well as for licenses for Curtis-AEG-Vulcan turbines and Vulcan-Yarrow boilers. In 1914 the company was renamed Petrograd Metal Works (''Petrogradskiy Metallicheskiy Zavod)'' when Saint Petersburg was renamed as Petrograd. At the beginning of World War I the company had 4 building slips and employed 5,500 workers.

Water turbine A water turbine is a rotary machine that converts kinetic energy and potential energy of water into mechanical work. Water turbines were developed in the 19th century and were widely used for industrial power prior to electrical grids. Now, ...

s for various Hydropower Stations, have been produced since 1924. Since 1957, the LMZ has also produced gas turbines. Since 2000, LMZ is a division of the

Power Machines OJSC Power Machines ( translit. Siloviye Mashiny abbreviated as Silmash, russian: ОАО «Силовы́е маши́ны») is a Russian energy systems machine-building company founded in 2000. It is headquartered in Saint Petersburg. Power M ...

company, based in Russia.

International business

About 700 turbines made by LMZ are now working at hundreds of electric power plants in more than 80 countries around the world. 2,300 power turbines were produced at the LMZ plant all together, with their total installed capacity of 300,000,000 KW. Most of the turbines are working at electric power stations in Russia, as well as in all other states of the former

Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...

. The company is currently a minor player in the global market for electric turbines. According to industry rankings by

Platts S&P Global Commodity Insights is a provider of energy and commodities information and a source of benchmark price assessments in the physical commodity markets. The business was started with the foundation in 1909 of the magazine ''National Pet ...

in various years from 2008-2010, LMZ was not listed among the significant manufacturers of steam, gas or hydro turbines by worldwide market share. As of 2021, LMZ is developing a 1255 MWe low-speed high-power turbine for the VVER-TOI nuclear reactor. The design allows for growth to a capacity of 1800 MWe, and complements its existing high-speed turbines.

Consequences of continuation of business after Russia's Invasion of Ukraine

On July 13, 2022, the notorious Anonymous aligned

hacktivist In Internet activism, hacktivism, or hactivism (a portmanteau of '' hack'' and '' activism''), is the use of computer-based techniques such as hacking as a form of civil disobedience to promote a political agenda or social change. With roots in h ...

group NB65 stated they had hacked LMZ as a result of Russia's Invasion of Ukraine. NB65 claimed (via

Twitter Twitter is an online social media and social networking service owned and operated by American company Twitter, Inc., on which users post and interact with 280-character-long messages known as "tweets". Registered users can post, like, and ...

) to have infiltrated their entire network, including usernames, passwords, emails, and communications, with multiple photos to provide evidence. In addition
LMZ's official website
was taken over by NB65, with a photo of a

Ukrainian flag The flag of Ukraine ( uk, Прапор України, Prapor Ukrainy) consists of equally sized horizontal bands of blue and yellow. The blue and yellow bicolour first appeared during the 1848 Spring of Nations in Lemberg, then part of the ...

and a message to LMZ, referencing the invasion. They also published a photo of an email from an employee at LMZ, showing their intention to produce

gunpowder Gunpowder, also commonly known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive. It consists of a mixture of sulfur, carbon (in the form of charcoal) and potassium nitrate (saltpeter). Th ...

. NB65 also claimed to have access to all of LMZ's contracts, financials and proprietary designs for tech they manufacture. They stated on Twitter they had intended on leaking all the data they had accessed to the public.

Sources

Bibliography

External links

LMZ official site: Leningradsky Metallichesky Zavod (LMZ)
{{Imperial Russian Shipyards Manufacturing companies based in Saint Petersburg Manufacturing companies of the Soviet Union Industrial machine manufacturers Mechanical engineering companies of Russia Electrical engineering companies of Russia 1857 establishments in the Russian Empire Power Machines Russian brands Ministry of Heavy and Transport Machine-Building (Soviet Union)