Esser Leopold Breuer (February 6, 1937 – January 3, 2021) was an American playwright, theater director, academic, educator, filmmaker, poet, and lyricist.
Breuer taught and directed on six continents.
Career
Breuer was a founding co-artistic director of
Mabou Mines Theater Company in
New York City
New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the Un ...
, which Breuer began in 1970 with colleagues
Philip Glass,
Ruth Maleczech,
JoAnne Akalaitis,
David Warrilow, and
Frederick Neumann. Since the birth of the company, Breuer worked with Mabou Mines.
In 2013, Breuer directed the ''La Divina Caricatura: Part I The Shaggy Dog'' which was co-produced by Mabou Mines.
In 2005, Breuer's previous Mabou Mines production ''Red Beads,'' was adapted by Breuer from a Russian folk story, created in collaboration with puppeteer
Basil Twist and composer
Ushio Torikai
Ushio Torikai ( 鳥 養 潮; surname Torikai; born July 11, 1952 in Matsumoto, Nagano Prefecture, Japan) is a Japanese composer of contemporary classical music. She is known for her highly individual musical voice, developed over many years of rese ...
. Of the September 2005 New York City premiere, the ''
New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''the Times'', ''NYT'', or the Gray Lady) is a daily newspaper based in New York City with a worldwide readership reported in 2020 to comprise a declining 840,000 paid print subscribers, and a growing 6 million paid ...
'' critic wrote "...theater as sorcery; it is a crossroads where artistic traditions meet to invent a marvelous common language. It is a fairy tale, a puppet play and a chamber opera… amazing work."
''Mabou Mines Dollhouse'', a deconstruction of the
Ibsen classic, won 2004
Obie Awards for Best Director and Best Performance. The production toured nationally and internationally.
Breuer directed high definition video adaptation of stage production for Arte television France, which was aired throughout Europe.
Much of Breuer's work with Mabou Mines premiered at
The Public Theater
The Public Theater is a New York City arts organization founded as the Shakespeare Workshop in 1954 by Joseph Papp, with the intention of showcasing the works of up-and-coming playwrights and performers.Epstein, Helen. ''Joe Papp: An American Li ...
(NYC) under the patronage of the late
Joseph Papp
Joseph Papp (born Joseph Papirofsky; June 22, 1921 – October 31, 1991) was an American theatrical producer and director. He established The Public Theater in what had been the Astor Library Building in Lower Manhattan. There Papp created ...
, and at the
La Mama Experimental Theater Club
La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club (La MaMa E.T.C.) is an Off-Off-Broadway theatre founded in 1961 by Ellen Stewart, African-American theatre director, producer, and fashion designer. Located in Manhattan's East Village, the theatre began in the ...
under the patronage of
Ellen Stewart
Ellen Stewart (November 7, 1919 – January 13, 2011) was an American theatre director and producer and the founder of La MaMa Experimental Theatre Club. During the 1950s she worked as a fashion designer for Saks Fifth Avenue, Bergdorf Goo ...
. These include his Obie-winning adaptation of three works by
Samuel Beckett: ''Play'', ''Come and Go'' and ''The Lost Ones''.
Breuer authored/directed
Mabou Mines
Mabou Mines is an experimental theatre company founded in 1970 and based in New York City.
Founding and history
Mabou Mines was founded by David Warrilow, Lee Breuer, Ruth Maleczech, JoAnne Akalaitis, and Philip Glass, at the house of Akalait ...
' trilogy, ''Animations'', including ''The B Beaver'', ''The Red Horse'' and ''The Shaggy Dog Animation'', which was awarded the
Obie for Best Play in 1978.
In 1980 Breuer received two Obies for writing and direction of his play, ''A Prelude to a Death in Venice.'' He also wrote and directed ''An Epidog,'' the winner of the President's Commission Kennedy Center-American Express Award for Best New Work''.
''
In 1976 he appeared in
Rosa von Praunheim
Holger Bernhard Bruno Mischwitzky (born Holger Radtke; 25 November 1942), known professionally as Rosa von Praunheim, is a German film director, author, painter and one of the most famous gay rights activists in the German-speaking world. In ov ...
's
New York film ''
Underground and Emigrants''.
The Gospel at Colonus
Breuer's best-known work is ''
The Gospel at Colonus
''The Gospel at Colonus'' is an African-American musical version of Sophocles's tragedy, ''Oedipus at Colonus. '' The show was created in 1983 by the experimental-theatre director Lee Breuer, one of the founders of the seminal American avant-garde ...
'', a Pentecostal Gospel rendering of Sophocles' ''
Oedipus at Colonus
''Oedipus at Colonus'' (also ''Oedipus Coloneus''; grc, Οἰδίπους ἐπὶ Κολωνῷ, ''Oidipous epi Kolōnōi'') is the last of the three Theban plays of the Athenian tragedian Sophocles. It was written shortly before Sophocles's ...
'', created with composer
Bob Telson, starring
Morgan Freeman and
Clarence Fountain. It premiered at the
Brooklyn Academy of Music's "Next Wave Festival". It was later performed on Broadway at the Lunt-Fontanne Theater in 1988 for which he was nominated for a Tony Award. The production received numerous awards, including a Pulitzer Prize nomination (1988), an
Obie Award for Best Musical (1984), and an
Emmy.
''The Gospel at Colonus'' would go on to performances worldwide (Paris, Spoleto, Edinburgh, Moscow, Barcelona, London, Avignon). It was recreated for the 70th Anniversary of New York's legendary Apollo Theater for two weeks in the fall of 2004 starring
Charles S. Dutton and
Jevetta Steele.
Productions
In 1981, with
Ruth Maleczech, Lee Breuer directed ''
The Tempest'' for
Joseph Papp
Joseph Papp (born Joseph Papirofsky; June 22, 1921 – October 31, 1991) was an American theatrical producer and director. He established The Public Theater in what had been the Astor Library Building in Lower Manhattan. There Papp created ...
's
Shakespeare in the Park
Shakespeare in the Park is a term for outdoor festivals featuring productions of William Shakespeare's plays. The term originated with the New York Shakespeare Festival in New York City's Central Park, originally created by Joseph Papp. This c ...
, starring
Raul Julia. Breuer and Maleczech's daughter Clove Galilee played "Young Miranda" in the production.
Breuer's music-theater collaborations with Bob Telson include ''Sister Suzie Cinema'' (featuring
14 Karat Soul), which premiered at The Public Theater and was televised on the PBS series, "Alive from Off Center" and “The Warrior Ant” which premiered at BAM in 1988.
Breuer has directed 13 Obie Award-winning productions over a period of more than 40 years including:
David Warrilow in ''The Lost Ones'' (1974); Bill Raymond in ''A Prelude to Death in Venice'' (1979); Ruth Maleczech in ''Hajj'' (1986);
Yoshida Tamamatsu in ''The Warrior Ant'' (1990); Ruth Maleczech, Isabel Monk, Karen Kandel and Greg Mehrten in ''Mabou Mines Lear'' (1991); Karen Kandel in ''Peter and Wendy'' (1997); and Maude Mitchell in ''Mabou Mines Dollhouse'' (2004). His involvement outside of the U.S. includes directing ''Yi Sang Counts to Thirteen'' by Sung Rno, which had its debut in
South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and sharing a land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed by the Yellow Sea, while its eas ...
at the
Seoul
Seoul (; ; ), officially known as the Seoul Special City, is the capital and largest metropolis of South Korea.Before 1972, Seoul was the ''de jure'' capital of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) as stated iArticle 103 of ...
Theater Festival 2000.
Lee taught an acting workshop in
New Delhi
New Delhi (, , ''Naī Dillī'') is the capital of India and a part of the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT). New Delhi is the seat of all three branches of the government of India, hosting the Rashtrapati Bhavan, Parliament Ho ...
, India during the summer of 2011 where he wrote and directed a workshop production of ''La Divina Caricatura''. Divina is a Bunraku pop-opera that uses puppetry and draws from the traditional format of Indian epics such as the
Mahabharata
The ''Mahābhārata'' ( ; sa, महाभारतम्, ', ) is one of the two major Sanskrit literature, Sanskrit Indian epic poetry, epics of ancient India in Hinduism, the other being the ''Ramayana, Rāmāyaṇa''. It narrates the s ...
.
Personal life
Breuer was born in Philadelphia.
He studied English at the
University of California, Los Angeles
The University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a public land-grant research university in Los Angeles, California. UCLA's academic roots were established in 1881 as a teachers college then known as the southern branch of the California S ...
.
[ Breuer married Maleczech in 1978. They had two children (Clove Galilee and Lute Breuer) and remained legally married until her death in 2013, but spent much of the latter period separated.][ He also had three children (Alexander Tiappa Klimovitsky, Mojo Lorwin, and Wah Mohn) by other relationships.][ Ms. Mitchell and Mr. Breuer met in 1999 at Sundance Theater Lab and became partners; they married in 2015. ][ In addition to Mitchell, he was survived by his daughter, Clove Galilee; his sons, Lute Ramblin Breuer, Alexander Tiappa Klimovitsky, Mojo Lorwin and Wah Mohn; daughters-in-law Jenny Rogers and Martha Elliot and three grandchildren. ][
Breuer’s children all grew up to be artists. Like their mothers — Maleczech, Klimovitskaya, Lorwin and Leslie Mohn (died 2007) — all had collaborated with him.]
Breuer died at his home in Brooklyn Heights
Brooklyn Heights is a residential neighborhood within the New York City borough of Brooklyn. The neighborhood is bounded by Old Fulton Street near the Brooklyn Bridge on the north, Cadman Plaza West on the east, Atlantic Avenue on the south, ...
on January 3, 2021, at age 83. He had advanced kidney disease and metastatic lung cancer.[
]
Selected works
Plays
Publications
Awards, et al
2011 Named USA Ford Fellow in Theater Arts by United States Artists
2011 Elliot Norton award for "Best Touring Production" Mabou Mines DollHouse
2008 Honored by the Cairo International Experimental Theatre Festival
2008 XI Festival Iberoamericana de Teatro de Bogota 2007
2008 Herald Archangel Award, Edinburgh Festival
2007 Edwin Booth Award presented to the Artistic Directors of Mabou Mines by the Doctoral Theatre Students Association at the Graduate Center, CUNY.
2006 Chevalier of the Order of Arts and Letters, Ministry of Culture of France
2004 OBIE Award for 'Direction' for MABOU MINES DOLLHOUSE
1997 OBIE Award for 'Best Production' to PETER AND WENDY
1994 Fund for New American Plays Award, Best American Play, for THE EPIDOG (Breuer)
1986 OBIE Award for 'Sustained Achievement' to Mabou Mines[
1985 National Institute for Music Theater Award 'Outstanding Achievement' to GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1985 Los Angeles Drama Critics Circle Award for Best Concept to GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1985 Los Angeles Dramalogue Award for Best Direction and Text to GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1985 National Black Programming Award for Best Production Communicating Excellence to Black Audiences to GOSPEL AT COLONUS 1985 National Institute of Music Theater's Award for the Advancement of Music Theater
1984 OBIE Award for 'Best Musical' to GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1984 National Gospel Association Award 'Outstanding Production' to GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1984 Brandeis University Creative Arts Awards Citation in Theatre Arts to Mabou Mines for 'extraordinary artistic achievement,' re: script for HAJJ (Breuer)
1983 National ASCAP Popular Song Award for GOSPEL AT COLONUS lyrics
1983 United Gospel Association Award for Best Production to GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1983 American Theater Wing Joseph Maharam Award 'Consistently Excellent Collaborative Design'
1981 Villager Downtown Theatre Award to Mabou Mines for Outstanding Season
1980 OBIE Award to Lee Breuer for his script and direction of A PRELUDE TO DEATH IN VENICE.
1980 San Francisco Critics' Circle Award: Best Touring Production to A PRELUDE TO DEATH IN VENICE
1980 Villager Downtown Theatre Award for 'Best Musical' to SISTER SUZIE CINEMA
1979 Los Angeles Dramalogue Critics' Award to Lee Breuer (Direction) for THE LOST ONES
1978 OBIE Award for Best Play to Lee Breuer for THE SHAGGY DOG ANIMATION
1978 Villager Downtown Theatre Award to THE SHAGGY DOG ANIMATION
1978 Soho News Award for Best Ensemble to THE SHAGGY DOG ANIMATION
1974 OBIE Award for 'General Excellence' to Mabou Mines
1958-9 UCLA 'Best Play' Award to A PLAY and THE LINE
1958 Samuel French Award to A PLAY
]
Nominations
1988 Tony Nomination for Best Book - GOSPEL AT COLONUS (officially declined)
1988 Pulitzer Prize Nomination for Best Play - GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1987 NAACP Image Award Nomination - GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1986 Grammy Award Nomination for Best Theatrical Album - GOSPEL AT COLONUS
1986 Emmy Award Nomination for Best Direction (with Tod Browning) - GOSPEL AT COLONUS
In 1998, Breuer, was awarded an honorary degree from California Institute of the Arts
The California Institute of the Arts (CalArts) is a private art university in Santa Clarita, California. It was incorporated in 1961 as the first degree-granting institution of higher learning in the US created specifically for students of both ...
.
Fellowships
2011 USA Ford Fellow in Theater Arts by United States Artists
2006 Bunting Fellowship - Radcliffe College, Cambridge, MA
2003 Fulbright Fellowship - Greece
2001 Asian Cultural Council - Thailand, Study 2000 Asian Cultural Council - Seoul, Korea, Workshop
1997-2001 John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Fellowship
1995 Asian Cultural Council - China, Teaching at Dramatic Institute in Beijing
1993 Japan-United States Friendship Commission - Japan, Research and Tour Planning
1992 Asian Cultural Council - China
1992 Arts International - China, Teaching and Travel
1992 Arts International - Bali, Rehearsal and Travel
1990-91 CIES Counsel for International Exchange of Scholars - North and South India
1985 Rockefeller Foundation Playwriting Fellowship
1984 McKnight Foundation Playwriting Fellowship
1983 Japan-United States Friendship Commission Exchange Fellowship
1982 National Endowment for the Arts Playwriting Fellowship
1979 Rockefeller Foundation Playwriting Fellowship
1978 Creative Artists Public Service (CAPS) Fellowship
1978 National Endowment for the Arts Playwriting Fellowship
1977 Guggenheim Fellowship
Teaching
2011 Towsen University, Baltimore Maryland, Development workshop
2011 Duke University, North Carolina, Development workshop
2010 Master Classes, Moscow and St. Petersburg
2010 National Theatre of Scotland, Glasgow
2009 National Theatre of Scotland, Edinburgh
2009 Guest Faculty Shanghai University
2006 Guest Lecturer University of Thessaloniki
2004-06 Guest teaching, Yale University School of Drama, Brown University
1986-89 Co-Chair of Directing Department, Yale University School of Drama
1995-99 Professor of Theater, Stanford University 1995-99 Associate Professor
1994 UC Santa Cruz
1992-93 Associate Professor, Arizona State University West
1977-80 Associate Professor, Yale University School of Drama
1981 Harvard University Extension (Writers & Directors Seminar)
1981 Experimental Wing, New York University
References
External links
Lee Breuer's homepage
Mabou Mines Theater Company
{{DEFAULTSORT:Breuer, Lee
1937 births
2021 deaths
20th-century American dramatists and playwrights
20th-century American male writers
21st-century American dramatists and playwrights
21st-century American male writers
American theatre directors
Arizona State University faculty
Asian Cultural Council grantees
Deaths from lung cancer in New York (state)
Harvard University staff
MacArthur Fellows
Obie Award recipients
People from Brooklyn Heights
Postmodern theatre
Stanford University Department of Drama faculty
University of California, Los Angeles alumni
Writers from Brooklyn
Writers from Philadelphia
Yale University faculty