Lance Herbert Barnard
AO (1 May 19196 August 1997) was an Australian politician and diplomat. He was the deputy leader of the
Australian Labor Party
The Australian Labor Party (ALP), also simply known as Labor, is the major centre-left political party in Australia, one of two major parties in Australian politics, along with the centre-right Liberal Party of Australia. The party forms th ...
(ALP) from 1967 to 1974 and held senior ministerial office in the
Whitlam Government, most notably as
Deputy Prime Minister of Australia
The deputy prime minister of Australia is the deputy chief executive and the second highest ranking officer of the Australian Government. The office of deputy prime minister was officially created as a ministerial portfolio in 1968, althoug ...
from 1972 to 1974.
Barnard was born in
Launceston, Tasmania
Launceston () or () is a city in the north of Tasmania, Australia, at the confluence of the North Esk and South Esk rivers where they become the Tamar River (kanamaluka). As of 2021, Launceston has a population of 87,645. Material was copie ...
, into a prominent political family; his father
Claude Barnard was also a federal government minister. He was a timber worker, soldier and schoolteacher before entering politics himself. He was elected to the
House of Representatives
House of Representatives is the name of legislative bodies in many countries and sub-national entitles. In many countries, the House of Representatives is the lower house of a bicameral legislature, with the corresponding upper house often ca ...
at the
1954 federal election, winning the seat of
Bass that his father had lost five years earlier. Barnard
was elected deputy to
Gough Whitlam
Edward Gough Whitlam (11 July 191621 October 2014) was the 21st prime minister of Australia, serving from 1972 to 1975. The longest-serving federal leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) from 1967 to 1977, he was notable for being the he ...
in 1967 and became deputy prime minister following the ALP's victory at the
1972 election.
After an initial "
duumvirate
Diarchy (from Greek , ''di-'', "double", and , ''-arkhía'', "ruled"),Occasionally misspelled ''dyarchy'', as in the ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'' article on the colonial British institution duarchy, or duumvirate (from Latin ', "the office of ...
" in which he and Whitlam both held multiple portfolios, Barnard was appointed
Minister for Defence. He subsequently oversaw the merger of several smaller departments into the
Department of Defence. In 1974, Barnard lost the deputy leadership to
Jim Cairns
James Ford Cairns (4 October 191412 October 2003) was an Australian politician who was prominent in the Labor movement through the 1960s and 1970s, and was briefly Treasurer and Deputy Prime Minister in the Whitlam government. He is best r ...
but remained in the defence portfolio. He resigned from parliament in 1975 to become ambassador to Norway, Finland and Sweden, triggering
a by-election that resulted in the loss of his seat to the
Liberal Party.
Early life
Barnard was born in
Launceston, Tasmania
Launceston () or () is a city in the north of Tasmania, Australia, at the confluence of the North Esk and South Esk rivers where they become the Tamar River (kanamaluka). As of 2021, Launceston has a population of 87,645. Material was copie ...
, one of four children born to
Herbert Claude Barnard and the former Martha Melva McKenzie. His father, a trade unionist and locomotive driver, was elected to parliament in 1934, and was a minister in the
Chifley Government.
Barnard left school during the Great Depression and worked in a timberyard for a few years. He began training as a schoolteacher by attending night school. In 1940, Barnard enlisted in the
Australian Army
The Australian Army is the principal land warfare force of Australia, a part of the Australian Defence Force (ADF) along with the Royal Australian Navy and the Royal Australian Air Force. The Army is commanded by the Chief of Army (CA), who i ...
. He fought with the
9th Division in the Middle East and Africa, including in the
Battle of El Alamein. His military service left him with a permanent hearing impairment. After returning to Australia in 1945, Barnard qualified as a schoolteacher and subsequently taught mathematics in various Tasmanian schools.
Political career
At the
1954 federal election, Barnard was elected to the
Division of Bass for the Labor Party. He defeated the sitting Liberal member
Bruce Kekwick, who had defeated Claude Barnard for the seat in 1949. He was later elected to the
ALP Federal Executive and a delegate to
Federal Conference, where he "more than once put up spirited battles against left-wing influence".
Following the ALP's defeat at the
1966 federal election,
Arthur Calwell
Arthur Augustus Calwell (28 August 1896 – 8 July 1973) was an Australian politician who served as the leader of the Labor Party from 1960 to 1967. He led the party to three federal elections.
Calwell grew up in Melbourne and attended St J ...
resigned as party leader and
was succeeded by his deputy
Gough Whitlam
Edward Gough Whitlam (11 July 191621 October 2014) was the 21st prime minister of Australia, serving from 1972 to 1975. The longest-serving federal leader of the Australian Labor Party (ALP) from 1967 to 1977, he was notable for being the he ...
. Barnard was then elected deputy leader with the endorsement of Whitlam, defeating
Jim Cairns
James Ford Cairns (4 October 191412 October 2003) was an Australian politician who was prominent in the Labor movement through the 1960s and 1970s, and was briefly Treasurer and Deputy Prime Minister in the Whitlam government. He is best r ...
by 35 votes to 33 on the final ballot following the elimination of
Frank Crean. At the time he was described in ''
The Canberra Times
''The Canberra Times'' is a daily newspaper in Canberra, Australia, which is published by Australian Community Media. It was founded in 1926, and has changed ownership and format several times.
History
''The Canberra Times'' was launched in ...
'' as "a personal friend of Mr Whitlam and a competent if not brilliant speaker in the House, mainly on his father's subject of repatriation, and social services".
[
]
Whitlam Government
When the ALP won the 1972 federal election Barnard became deputy prime minister. For the first two weeks of Whitlam's government, before the full electoral result was known, Whitlam and Barnard formed a two-man ministry, known as a duumvirate
Diarchy (from Greek , ''di-'', "double", and , ''-arkhía'', "ruled"),Occasionally misspelled ''dyarchy'', as in the ''Encyclopaedia Britannica'' article on the colonial British institution duarchy, or duumvirate (from Latin ', "the office of ...
, to govern until a full ministry could be announced. Barnard held 14 portfolios including Defence and Immigration. Following the announcement of a complete ministry, Barnard served as Minister for Defence. He personally ensured the recommendations of the Jess Committee and new Defense Force Retirements Benefits Scheme was implemented in 1972.
Following the 1974 federal election, Barnard was challenged for Labor's deputy leadership by Jim Cairns
James Ford Cairns (4 October 191412 October 2003) was an Australian politician who was prominent in the Labor movement through the 1960s and 1970s, and was briefly Treasurer and Deputy Prime Minister in the Whitlam government. He is best r ...
. He was defeated by 54 votes to 42. Contemporary sources reporting that he was receiving "fairly active" support from Whitlam, and that Whitlam was "actively canvassing" for him. However, it was later reported that he had received "only token support" from the prime minister.
Later years
In June 1975, Whitlam announced that Barnard would leave politics to become Australia's resident ambassador to Sweden, with accreditation also to Finland and Norway. He presented his credentials to King Carl XVI Gustaf
Carl XVI Gustaf (Carl Gustaf Folke Hubertus; born 30 April 1946) is King of Sweden. He ascended the throne on the death of his grandfather, Gustaf VI Adolf, on 15 September 1973.
He is the youngest child and only son of Prince Gustaf Adolf, Du ...
on 10 September. Bass was resoundingly lost to the Liberals at the ensuing by-election, in which Labor lost 17 per cent of its primary vote. This shock result was seen by many as the beginning of the end for the Whitlam government, which was dismissed five months later.
Barnard returned to Launceston after completing his term as ambassador in 1978. In May 1981 he was nominated by the Fraser Government as director of the Office of Australian War Graves. He retired in 1983.
Barnard died on 6 August 1997 at the age of 78. In response Gough Whitlam stated that "My partnership with Lance Barnard was the most satisfying and significant of my political life. I have lost my oldest and best mate".[
]
Personal life
Barnard married Doris Burston on 6 March 1943. They had two daughters together, Patricia and Suzanne. He remarried on 11 September 1962 to Jill Cant, the daughter of Senator Harry Cant of Western Australia. They had a son together, Nicholas, and also adopted two Vietnamese orphan girls, Amanda and Jacqueline; Amanda died as an infant.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Barnard, Lance
1919 births
1997 deaths
Deputy Prime Ministers of Australia
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Australia
1975 Australian constitutional crisis
Members of the Australian House of Representatives for Bass
Members of the Australian House of Representatives
Members of the Cabinet of Australia
Officers of the Order of Australia
Ambassadors of Australia to Finland
Ambassadors of Australia to Norway
Ambassadors of Australia to Sweden
Politicians from Launceston, Tasmania
Defence ministers of Australia
20th-century Australian politicians
Government ministers of Australia
Australian Army personnel of World War II