''Löjtnant'' ( en, Lieutenant in the
Swedish Army
The Swedish Army ( sv, svenska armén) is the land force of the Swedish Armed Forces.
History
Svea Life Guards dates back to the year 1521, when the men of Dalarna chose 16 young able men as body guards for the insurgent nobleman Gustav Vas ...
/
Air Force, Sub-lieutenant in the
Navy) is a
company
A company, abbreviated as co., is a Legal personality, legal entity representing an association of people, whether Natural person, natural, Legal person, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common p ...
grade officer rank. In the army/airforce, it ranks above
second lieutenant
Second lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces, comparable to NATO OF-1 rank.
Australia
The rank of second lieutenant existed in the military forces of the Australian colonies and Australian Army until ...
and below
captain
Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...
. In the navy, it ranks above
acting sub-lieutenant
Sub-lieutenant is usually a junior officer rank, used in armies, navies and air forces.
In most armies, sub-lieutenant is the lowest officer rank. However, in Brazil, it is the highest non-commissioned rank, and in Spain, it is the second high ...
and below
lieutenant.
It is equivalent to the specialist officers rank of ''
förvaltare''.
The rank has been used in Sweden since the
Middle Ages.
Army/Air Force/Navy
''Löjtnant'' (lieutenant) is a rank in the
Swedish Army
The Swedish Army ( sv, svenska armén) is the land force of the Swedish Armed Forces.
History
Svea Life Guards dates back to the year 1521, when the men of Dalarna chose 16 young able men as body guards for the insurgent nobleman Gustav Vas ...
,
Swedish Air Force
The Swedish Air Force ( sv, Svenska flygvapnet or just ) is the air force branch of the Swedish Armed Forces.
History
The Swedish Air Force was created on 1 July, 1926 when the aircraft units of the Army and Navy were merged. Because of the es ...
and in the
Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy ( sv, Svenska marinen) is the naval branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet () – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps ().
In Swedish, vessels o ...
(
Coastal Artillery 1902–2000,
Amphibious Corps 2000–present).
History
The rank of ''löjtnant'' (lieutenant) appears for the first time during the latter part of the
Middle Ages. Originally, it designated the (commander's) deputy, of which the compositions were
lieutenant general,
lieutenant colonel
Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colone ...
and
captain lieutenant, and sometimes also the lowest commander's deputy. Eventually the word changed to refer exclusively to the company commander's deputy, and even later the rank ''
fänrik'' (or
cornet
The cornet (, ) is a brass instrument similar to the trumpet but distinguished from it by its conical bore, more compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B, though there is also a sopr ...
) for the lowest officer rank was replaced by lieutenant, after which the rank of lieutenant in Sweden was divided into two, ''löjtnant'' and ''
underlöjtnant
''Underlöjtnant'' (from the German word ''Unterleutnant'') was the lowest officer rank in the Swedish Army from 1835 to 1937 instead of the previous ranks of ''fänrik'' and cornet. was reintroduced in 1914 with the same position as , from 1926 ...
''.
The ''fänrik'' rank was reintroduced in 1914 with the same status as ''underlöjtnant'', but it was subsequently moved one level below ''underlöjtnant'' in 1926. ''Underlöjtnant'' was removed from the Swedish Armed Forces rank structure in 1937.
Duties
A lieutenant in the army serves in two areas, as commander and as a staff officer in a battalion (or brigade). As a commander, a lieutenant mainly serves as a platoon leader both in the war organization and in basic training of units. A lieutenant can also be developed by serving as a teacher at a school. A lieutenant should be able to work as a “first-line commander”, to be able to lead education, practice and training and to be able to supervise colleagues within one's own area of competence. The army emphasizes that the lieutenant must be competent in supervising younger colleagues and lead platoon combat training.
Promotion
According to Chapter 2, Section 1 of FFS 2018:7, a person who is eligible for promotion has served in the Swedish Armed Forces to such an extent that assessment of suitability, knowledge and skills could be carried out, is deemed suitable for promotion, possesses the knowledge and skills required for the higher rank, and meets time requirements according to Section 2 (must have held the rank for at least two years).
For promotion from
second lieutenant
Second lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces, comparable to NATO OF-1 rank.
Australia
The rank of second lieutenant existed in the military forces of the Australian colonies and Australian Army until ...
to lieutenant may take place if the second lieutenant holds an academic degree at the undergraduate level. A second lieutenant who has completed the Swedish Armed Forces' pilot training with an approved result may be promoted to lieutenant without holding an academic degree at the undergraduate level.
Promotion of lieutenant to captain, it is only required that the lieutenant is promotable according to Chapter 2, Section 1. For a lieutenant who has completed the Swedish Armed Forces' pilot training, promotion may only take place if the lieutenant has an academic degree at the undergraduate level.
In the case of reserve officers, promotion of second lieutenant to lieutenant may take place if the second lieutenant holds an academic degree at the undergraduate level, or at least 180 higher education credits (''högskolepoäng'') if the program comprises more higher education credits than 180. Promotion of lieutenant to captain may take place if the lieutenant holds an academic degree at the undergraduate level, or at least 180 higher education credits if the program comprises more higher education credits than 180.
Rank insignia
Collar patches
File:OF-1 Löjtnant.jpg, Collar patch m/58 for a lieutenant
File:5_Löjtnant_1939.jpg, Collar patch
(13 = Dalarna Regiment)
File:8_Löjtnant_krage_1923.jpg, Collar patch
Shoulder marks
=Air Force
=
File:OF-1_Löjtnant_FV_hylsa.jpg, (2003–present)
File:OF-2_Kapten_FV_hylsa.jpg, (–2003)
=Army
=
File:8_Löjtnant_axelklaff_m1923.jpg, Shoulder mark m/1923
(13 = Dalarna Regiment)
File:8_Löjtnant_axelträns_m1910.jpg, Shoulder mark m/1910
(13 = Dalarna Regiment)
=Navy (Amphibious Corps)
=
File:OF-1 Löjtnant AMF hylsa.jpg, Embroidered shoulder mark (Navy)
(2003–present)
File:OF-2_Kapten_AMF_hylsa.jpg, Embroidered shoulder mark (Navy)
(–2003)
File:OF-1 Löjtnant AMF hylsa02.jpg, Wowen shoulder mark (2003–present)
Sleeve insignias
Air Force
File:OF-1 Löjtnant FV mäss.jpg, Mess jacket sleeve insignia for a lieutenant
(2003–present)
File:OF-2_Kapten_FV_mäss.jpg, Mess jacket sleeve insignia for a lieutenant
(–2003)
File:Porträtt av löjtnant Folke Ripa.jpg, An air force officer with sleeve insignias for a lieutenant.
File:OF-1 Löjtnant FV ärmmatta.jpg, Flight suit sleeve insignia for a lieutenant
(2003–present)
=Army
=
File:8_Löjtnant_armén_ärm_1906.jpg, Sleeve insignia on uniform m/1906 for a lieutenant.
=Navy (Amphibious Corps)
=
File:OF-1 Löjtnant AMF arm.jpg, Sleeve insignia on ''innerkavaj m/48'' ("inner jacket m/48") for a lieutenant.
(2003–present)
File:OF-2_Kapten_AMF_arm.jpg, Sleeve insignia on ''innerkavaj m/48'' ("inner jacket m/48") for a lieutenant.
(–2003)
Hats
File:8_Löjtnant_mössa_m1923.jpg, Hat (''Mössa m/1923'') for a lieutenant
File:OF-1 Löjtnant lägermössa m1865-99.png, Camp hat (''Lägermössa m/1865-99'') for a lieutenant
File:OF-1_Löjtnant_lägermössa_m1865-99_LG.png, Hat (''Mössa m/1865-99'') for a lieutenant in the Life Guards infantry
File:4_Löjtnant_armén_hatt_m1910-14.jpg, Rank insignia for a lieutenant on hat (''Hatt m/1910-14'') in the army
File:6_Löjtnant_armén_mössmärke_1946.jpg, Hat badge (''Mössmärke m/1946'') for a lieutenant in the army
File:6_Löjtnant_armén_mössmärke_1940.jpg, Hat badge (''Mössmärke m/1940'') for a lieutenant in the army
File:4_Löjtnant_armén_mössmärke_1914.jpg, Hat badge (''Mössmärke m/1914'') for a lieutenant in the army on fur hat (''pälsmössa m/1909-14'')
Navy
''Löjtnant'' (sub-lieutenant) is a rank in the
Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy ( sv, Svenska marinen) is the naval branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet () – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps ().
In Swedish, vessels o ...
.
History
The rank of ''löjtnant'' (sub-lieutenant) appears for the first time during the latter part of the
Middle Ages. Originally, it designated the (commander's) deputy, of which the compositions were
lieutenant general,
lieutenant colonel
Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colone ...
and
captain lieutenant, and sometimes also the lowest commander's deputy. Eventually the word changed to refer exclusively to the company commander's deputy, and even later the rank ''
fänrik'' (or
cornet
The cornet (, ) is a brass instrument similar to the trumpet but distinguished from it by its conical bore, more compact shape, and mellower tone quality. The most common cornet is a transposing instrument in B, though there is also a sopr ...
) for the lowest officer rank was replaced by lieutenant, after which the rank of lieutenant in Sweden was divided into two, ''löjtnant'' and ''
underlöjtnant
''Underlöjtnant'' (from the German word ''Unterleutnant'') was the lowest officer rank in the Swedish Army from 1835 to 1937 instead of the previous ranks of ''fänrik'' and cornet. was reintroduced in 1914 with the same position as , from 1926 ...
''.
The ''fänrik'' rank was reintroduced in 1914 with the same status as ''underlöjtnant'', but it was subsequently moved one level below ''underlöjtnant'' in 1926. ''Underlöjtnant'' was removed from the Swedish Armed Forces rank structure in 1937.
Promotion
According to Chapter 2, Section 1 of FFS 2018:7, a person who is eligible for promotion has served in the Swedish Armed Forces to such an extent that assessment of suitability, knowledge and skills could be carried out, is deemed suitable for promotion, possesses the knowledge and skills required for the higher rank, and meets time requirements according to Section 2 (must have held the rank for at least two years).
For promotion from
acting sub-lieutenant
Sub-lieutenant is usually a junior officer rank, used in armies, navies and air forces.
In most armies, sub-lieutenant is the lowest officer rank. However, in Brazil, it is the highest non-commissioned rank, and in Spain, it is the second high ...
to sub-lieutenant may take place if the acting sub-lieutenant holds an academic degree at the undergraduate level. An acting sub-lieutenant who has completed the Swedish Armed Forces' pilot training with an approved result may be promoted to sub-lieutenant without holding an academic degree at the undergraduate level.
Promotion of sub-lieutenant to
lieutenant, it is only required that the sub-lieutenant is promotable according to Chapter 2, Section 1. For a sub-lieutenant who has completed the Swedish Armed Forces' pilot training, promotion may only take place if the sub-lieutenant has an academic degree at the undergraduate level.
In the case of reserve officers, promotion of acting sub-lieutenant to sub-lieutenant may take place if the acting sub-lieutenant holds an academic degree at the undergraduate level, or at least 180 higher education credits (''högskolepoäng'') if the program comprises more higher education credits than 180. Promotion of sub-lieutenant to lieutenant may take place if the sub-lieutenant holds an academic degree at the undergraduate level, or at least 180 higher education credits if the program comprises more higher education credits than 180.
Uniform
Shoulder marks
The top
galloon is shaped like a "loop" for an officer in the
Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy ( sv, Svenska marinen) is the naval branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet () – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps ().
In Swedish, vessels o ...
(the loop is shaped like a "grenade" for an officer in the
Swedish Amphibious Corps
The Amphibious Corps ( sv, Amfibiekåren, Amf) is the maritime land force arm of the Swedish Navy, with an emphasis on coastal defence. Until 2000 it was known as the Coastal Artillery ( sv, Kustartilleriet), but the name was changed to reflect i ...
). The rank insignia is worn on the shoulder mark to jacket and coat (''jacka m/87'', ''kappa m/87''), as well as to blue wool sweater (''blå ylletröja m/87''), trench coat (''trenchcoat m/84''), sea coat (''sjörock 93'', black raincoat and to white shirt (''vit skjorta m/78'').
Rank insignia on shoulder mark (''axelklaffshylsa 02B'') is worn on all garments with shoulder straps.
1. The shoulder mark (''Axelklaffshylsa m/02B'') is designed as galloons sewn directly to another shoulder mark (''axelklaffshylsa m/87 blå'').
Since 2003 it consists of two gold galloons, one wider and one narrower. Before 2003, it consisted of two equally wide gold galloons.
2. Before 2003, a sub-lieutenant wore two equally wide gold galloons. Since 2003, this shoulder mark is used by a
lieutenant.
3. The
wowen shoulder mark (''AXELKLAFFSHYLSA M/02 INVÄVD KAPTEN FLOTTAN'') is worn on the naval combat dress (''sjöstridsdräkt m/93''), duty uniform (''arbetsdräkt m/87 (blå)'') and
combat uniform
A combat uniform, also called field uniform, battledress or military fatigues, is a casual wear, casual type of uniform used by military, police, firefighter, fire and other public uniformed services for everyday fieldwork and combat duty purpo ...
(''Fältuniform m/90 lätt'', ''m/90 lätt blå'', ''m/90 tropik'' (green, beige and blue)).
File:OF-1_Löjtnant_FL_hylsa.jpg, 1. Embroidered shoulder mark (2003–present)
File:OF-2_Kapten_FL_hylsa.jpg, 2. Embroidered shoulder mark (–2003)
File:OF-1_Löjtnant_FL.jpg, 3. Wowen shoulder mark (2003–present)
File:OF-1 Löjtnant FL hylsa02.jpg, 3. Wowen shoulder mark (2003–present)
Sleeve insignias
Rank insignia is worn on both sleeves for inner
suit jacket (''innerkavaj m/48'') and
mess jacket (''mässjacka m/1878'').
1. On the sleeve an 12,6 mm rank insignia (''gradbeteckning m/02'') and galloon (''galon m/02''). The distance between galloons should be 6 mm. The distance from the bottom edge of the sleeve to the bottom edge of the top galloon should be 100 mm.
2. Before 2003, sub-lieutenants wore two gold galloons and a loop of gold galloon. Since 2003, this type of sleeve insignia is used by a
lieutenant.
File:OF-1_Löjtnant_FL_arm.jpg, 1. Sleeve insignia for a sub-lieutenant (2003–present)
File:OF-2_Kapten_FL_arm.jpg, 2. Sleeve insignia for a sub-lieutenant (1987–2003)
File:Royal Wedding Stockholm 2010-Konserthuset-233.jpg, A naval officer with sleeve insignias for a sub-lieutenant.
Hats
=Peaked cap
=
A sub-lieutenant wears a
peaked cap (''skärmmössa m/48'') which is fitted with a hat badge (''mössmärke m/78 off för flottan'') and with a lacing in form of a golden thread (''mössnodd m/82'').
=Side cap and winter hat
=
An officer wears a hat badge (''mössmärke m/78 off'') for the navy and another (''mössmärke m/87 off'') for amphibious units on the side cap (''båtmössa m/48'') and on the winter hat (''vintermössa m/87'').
Epaulette
A sub-lieutenant wears
epaulette's (''epålett m/1878'') to
white tie (''frack m/1878'') and to coat (''rock m/1878''). On the epaulette, a sub-lieutenant wears 2 mm
fringes in two rows.
Footnotes
References
Notes
Print
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Web
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*{{cite web , url=https://www.taktisk.se/2019/10/15/karriarvagarna-for-officerare/ , website=www.taktisk.se , title=Karriärvägarna för officerare , date=15 October 2019 , access-date=24 February 2021 , language=sv , ref={{harvid, Karriärsväg, 2019
Military ranks of the Swedish Army
Military ranks of the Swedish Air Force
Military ranks of the Swedish Navy
sv:Löjtnant