The Lytton First Nation ( thp, ƛ̓q̓əmci̓n), a
First Nation
Indigenous peoples are culturally distinct ethnic groups whose members are directly descended from the earliest known inhabitants of a particular geographic region and, to some extent, maintain the language and culture of those original people ...
s band government, has its headquarters at
Lytton in the
Fraser Canyon
The Fraser Canyon is a major landform of the Fraser River where it descends rapidly through narrow rock gorges in the Coast Mountains en route from the Interior Plateau of British Columbia to the Fraser Valley. Colloquially, the term "Fraser Ca ...
region of the
Canadian province
Within the geographical areas of Canada, the ten provinces and three territories are sub-national administrative divisions under the jurisdiction of the Canadian Constitution. In the 1867 Canadian Confederation, three provinces of British North ...
of
British Columbia
British Columbia (commonly abbreviated as BC) is the westernmost province of Canada, situated between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains. It has a diverse geography, with rugged landscapes that include rocky coastlines, sandy beaches, ...
. While it is the largest of all
Nlaka'pamux
The Nlaka'pamux or Nlakapamuk ( ; ), also previously known as the ''Thompson'', ''Thompson River Salish'', ''Thompson Salish'', ''Thompson River Indians'' or ''Thompson River people'', and historically as the ''Klackarpun'', ''Haukamaugh'', ''Kni ...
bands, unlike all other governments of the Nlaka'pamux (Thompson) people, it is not a member of any of the three Nlaka'pamux
tribal councils, which are the
Nicola Tribal Association
Nicola may refer to:
People
* Nicola (name), including a list of people with the given name or, less commonly, the surname
**Nicola (artist) or Nicoleta Alexandru, singer who represented Romania at the 2003 Eurovision Song Contest
* Nicola people ...
, the
Fraser Canyon Indian Administration
The Fraser Canyon Indian Administration is a First Nations tribal council government composed of five bands in the Fraser Canyon and Thompson Canyon areas of the Canadian province of British Columbia.
Other Nlaka'pamux governments belong to eit ...
and the
Nlaka'pamux Nation Tribal Council
The Nlaka'pamux or Nlakapamuk ( ; ), also previously known as the ''Thompson'', ''Thompson River Salish'', ''Thompson Salish'', ''Thompson River Indians'' or ''Thompson River people'', and historically as the ''Klackarpun'', ''Haukamaugh'', ''Kni ...
.
The Lytton First Nation figure prominently in the history of the
Fraser Canyon Gold Rush
The Fraser Canyon Gold Rush, (also Fraser Gold Rush and Fraser River Gold Rush) began in 1858 after gold was discovered on the Thompson River in British Columbia at its confluence with the Nicoamen River a few miles upstream from the Thompson's c ...
(1858-1860) and of the associated
Fraser Canyon War
The Fraser Canyon War, also known as the Canyon War or the Fraser River War, was an incident between the Nlaka'pamux people and white miners in the newly declared Colony of British Columbia, which later became part of Canada, in 1858. It occurr ...
(1858). At Lytton, then still called
Kumsheen, leaders of the miners' regiments from
Yale
Yale University is a private research university in New Haven, Connecticut. Established in 1701 as the Collegiate School, it is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and among the most prestigious in the wor ...
met with the chiefs of the Nlaka'pamux to parley an end to the war. While other chiefs argued for annihilation of the outsiders, the Kumsheen chief
Spintlum (Cxpentlm, aka David Spintlum) argued for peace, resulting in a series of six treaties known as the Snyder Treaties, which are lost to history.
Indian reserves
Indian reserve
In Canada, an Indian reserve (french: réserve indienne) is specified by the '' Indian Act'' as a "tract of land, the legal title to which is vested in Her Majesty,
that has been set apart by Her Majesty for the use and benefit of a band."
Ind ...
s under the governance of the Lytton First Nation are:
*
Bootahnie Indian Reserve No. 15, 6 miles north of
Botanie Lake, 1554.0 ha.
*
Cameron Bar Indian Reserve No. 13, on the right (west) bank of the Fraser River 13 miles north of Lytton, 35.20 ha.
*
Fish Lake Indian Reserve No. 7, on Cinquefoil Creek, at the south end of
Cinquefoil Lake
''Potentilla'' is a genus containing over 300Guillén, A., et al. (2005)Reproductive biology of the Iberian species of ''Potentilla'' L. (Rosaceae).''Anales del Jardín Botánico de Madrid'' 1(62) 9–21. species of annual, biennial and perenni ...
, 32.40 ha.
*
Halhalaeden Indian Reserve No. 14, on the left (east) bank of the Fraser River, 5 miles north of Lytton, 37.40 ha.
*
Halhalaeden Indian Reserve No. 14A, on the left bank of the Fraser River, 5 miles north of Lytton, 105.10 ha.
*
Inkluckcheen Indian Reserve No. 21, 3 miles north of Lytton, 221.20 ha.
*
Inkluckcheen Indian Reserve No. 21B, on the right bank of the Fraser River, 4 miles north of Lytton, 169.60 ha.
*
Kitzowit Indian Reserve No. 20, 2 miles south of Lytton, 1/2 mile east of the Fraser River, 11.0 ha.
*
Klahkamich Indian Reserve No. 17, on the north side of Lytton Creek, 9.10 ha.
*
Kleetlekut Indian Reserve No. 22, 2 miles north of Lytton, 121.40 ha.
*
Kleetlekut Indian Reserve No. 22A, south of and adjoining IR No. 22, 68.50 ha.
*
Klickkumcheen Indian Reserve No. 18, at junction of the Thompson and Fraser Rivers, NE of Lytton, 15.60 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 13A, 6 miles northwest of and adjoining Cameron Bar IR No. 13, 18.20 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 21A, 3 miles north of Lytton, 61.0 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 26A, on the right bank of the Fraser River 3 miles below Lytton, 81.50 ha.
**
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 27B, 1 mile northwest of Lytton, 24.60 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 30, in the vicinity of Nickle Palm Reserve No. 4, 4.0 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 31, 2 miles southwest of Lytton, west of and adjoining Nickeyear IR No. 25, 83.50 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 32, on the left bank of the Fraser River 14 miles northerly from Lytton, 42.90 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 33, 1 mile west of the Fraser River on Siwhe Creek, 131.90 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 3A, on the left bank of the Fraser River 9 miles north of Lytton, 45.0 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 4A, on the south bank of
Intlpam Creek, southwest of and adjoining Nickle Palm Reserve No. 4, 154.90 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 4B, between north and south forks of Intlpam Creek, 54.80 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 4C, on the north bank of Intlpam Creek west of and adjoining Nickle Palm IR No. 4, 25.30 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 4D, half mile west of the Fraser River, 48.60 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 4E, 1/4 mile west of the Fraser River, 89.0 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 4F, on the right bank of the Fraser River 1 mile south of the mouth of
Siwhe Creek, 29.70 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 5A, on the right bank of the Fraser River northwest of and adjoining Seah IR No. 5, 48.60 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 9A, on the right bank of the Fraser River 6 miles north of Lytton, 159.80 ha.
*
Lytton Indian Reserve No. 9B, west of the Fraser River, south of and adjoining Stryen Indian Reserve No. 9, 71.40 ha.
*
Maka Indian Reserve No. 8, 1/4 mile west of the Thompson River, 2 miles northeast of Lytton, 3.20 ha.
*
Nananahout Indian Reserve No. 1, at the north end of
Pasulko Lake, 312.80 ha.
*
Nesikep Indian Reserve No. 6, on both banks of the Fraser River, 12 miles south of
Lillooet
Lillooet () is a district municipality in the Squamish-Lillooet region of southwestern British Columbia. The town is on the west shore of the Fraser River immediately north of the Seton River mouth. On BC Highway 99, the locality is by road abo ...
, 312. 80 ha.
*
Nesikep Indian Reserve No. 6A, on the left bank of the Fraser River north of and adjoining IR No. 6, 153.40 ha.
*
Ngwyu'Yemc Indian Reserve No. 36, 116.70 ha.
*
Nickel Palm Indian Reserve No. 4, on the right bank of the Fraser River at the mouth of Intlpam Creek, 45.0 ha.
*
Nickeyeah Indian Reserve No. 25, on the right bank of the Fraser River 2 miles south of Lytton, 74.30 ha.
*
Nkaih Indian Reserve No. 10, on the right bank of the Fraser River 8 miles above Lytton, 113.70 ha.
*
Nocten Indian Reserve No. 19, on the right bank of the Thompson River 4 miles northeast of Lytton, 1.40 ha.
*
Nohomeen Indian Reserve No. 23, on the right bank of the Fraser River 1 mile north of Lytton, 13.0 ha.
*
Nuuautin Indian Reserve No. 2, on the left bank of the Fraser River 2 miles above Lytton, 193.0 ha.
*
Nuuautin Indian Reserve No. 2A, on the left bank of the Fraser River south of and adjoining IR No. 2, 30.40 ha.
*
Nuuautin Indian Reserve No. 2B, north of and adjoining IR No. 2, 3 miles north of Lytton, 63.10 ha.
*
Papyum Indian Reserve No. 27, on the right bank of the Fraser River, west of Lytton, 52.20 ha.
*
Papyum Indian Reserve No. 27A, west of the Fraser River and the town of Lytton, 84.90 ha.
*
Papyum Graveyard Indian Reserve No. 27C, 1 mile northwest of Lytton, 4.10 ha.
*
Seah Indian Reserve No. 5, on the right bank of the Fraser River, opposite the mouth of McGillivray Creek, 133.10 ha.
*
Skwayaynope Indian Reserve No. 26, on the right bank of the Fraser River, 2 miles south of Lytton, 80.20 ha.
*
Spintlum Flat Indian Reserve No. 3, on the left bank of the Fraser River, 8 miles above Lytton, 137.0 ha.
*
Stryen Indian Reserve No. 9, at the mouth of the
Stein River, right bank of the Fraser River, 254.80 ha.
*
Tsaukan Indian Reserve No. 12, on the right bank of the Fraser River, 57.0 ha.
*
Tuckozap Indian Reserve No. 24, on the right bank of the Thompson River, at the junction with the Fraser River, 78.10 ha.
*
Two Mile Creek Indian Reserve No. 16, on the left bank of the Thompson River, 2 miles northeast of Lytton, 4.0 ha.
*
Two Mile Creek Indian Reserve No. 16A, on the left bank of the Fraser River, south and east of IR No. 16, 11.20 ha.
*
Yawaucht Indian Reserve No. 1, on the right bank of the Fraser River, north of
Nekertch Creek, 117.10 ha.
BC Names/GeoBC entry "Yawaucht 1 (Indian reserve)
/ref>
See also
* Thompson language
The Thompson language, properly known as Nlaka'pamuctsin, also known as the Nlaka'pamux ('Nthlakampx') language, is an Interior Salishan language spoken in the Fraser Canyon, Thompson Canyon, Nicola Country of the Canadian province of British C ...
References
Indian and Northern Affairs Canada - First Nation Detail
External links
Lytton First Nation homepage
{{Nlaka'pamux First Nations
Nlaka'pamux governments
First Nations governments in the Fraser Canyon