''Lygromma'' is a spider genus of

Central Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as ...

and

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

. There are species with eight, six (e.g. ''L. senoculatum'', ''L. valencianum'') and no eyes. The

eyeless Paired box protein Pax-6, also known as aniridia type II protein (AN2) or oculorhombin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PAX6'' gene. Function PAX6 is a member of the Pax gene family which is responsible for carrying the geneti ...

''L. anops'' is

endemic Endemism is the state of a species being found in a single defined geographic location, such as an island, state, nation, country or other defined zone; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsew ...

to Galapagos, while the not closely related blind ''L. gertschi'' is found only on

Jamaica Jamaica (; ) is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea. Spanning in area, it is the third-largest island of the Greater Antilles and the Caribbean (after Cuba and Hispaniola). Jamaica lies about south of Cuba, and west of His ...

. The Mexican genus '' Tivodrassus'', and '' Tricongius'' have been suggested as sister groups of ''Lygromma''. Species reach a body length from about 2 to 4.6 mm.

Species

it contains 19 species: * '' Lygromma anops'' Peck & Shear, 1987 — Galapagos Islands * '' Lygromma chamberlini'' Gertsch, 1941 — Panama, Colombia, Cuba * '' Lygromma domingo'' Platnick & Shadab, 1981 — Ecuador * '' Lygromma dybasi'' Platnick & Shadab, 1976 — Costa Rica, Panama * '' Lygromma gasnieri'' Brescovit & Höfer, 1993 — Brazil * '' Lygromma gertschi'' Platnick & Shadab, 1976 — Jamaica * '' Lygromma huberti'' Platnick & Shadab, 1976 — Venezuela, Brazil * '' Lygromma kochalkai'' Platnick & Shadab, 1976 — Colombia * '' Lygromma nicolae'' Víquez, 2020 – Costa Rica * '' Lygromma peckorum'' Platnick & Shadab, 1976 — Colombia * '' Lygromma peruvianum'' Platnick & Shadab, 1976 — Peru * '' Lygromma quindio'' Platnick & Shadab, 1976 — Colombia * '' Lygromma senoculatum'' Simon, 1893 — Venezuela * '' Lygromma simoni'' (Berland, 1913) — Ecuador * '' Lygromma taruma'' Brescovit & Bonaldo, 1998 — Brazil * '' Lygromma tuxtla'' Platnick, 1978 — Mexico * '' Lygromma valencianum'' Simon, 1893 — Venezuela * '' Lygromma volcan'' Platnick & Shadab, 1981 — Panama * '' Lygromma wygodzinskyi'' Platnick, 1978 — Colombia

References

* Platnick, N.I. & Shadab, M.U. (1976). A revision of the spider genera ''Lygromma'' and ''Neozimiris'' (Araneae, Gnaphosidae). ''Amer. Mus. Novitates'' 2598:1-23
PDF (8Mb)

Abstract
(with key to species) * Platnick, N.I. (1977). Two new species of ''Lygromma'' (Araneae: Gnaphosidae). ''J. Arachnol.'' 5:151-152
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(''L. tuxtla'', ''L. wygodzinskyi'') * Shear, W.A. & Peck, S.B. (1992). Male of the blind cave gnaphosoid ''Lygromma anops'' (Araneae, Gnaphosoidea, Prodidomidae) from Galapagos Islands, Ecuador. ''Journal of Arachnology'' 20:69-71
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{{Taxonbar, from=Q3269421 Prodidominae Spiders of Mexico Spiders of Central America Spiders of South America Araneomorphae genera