The Lybid ( uk, Либідь) is a small river in
Kyiv,
Ukraine. A
right tributary
A tributary, or affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage ...
of the
Dnieper, it flows within the "Right Bank" (original) part of the city, just to the west of the historic center. The Lybid has played an important role in shaping Kyiv's urban design by aiding the city's
drainage system.
Course
The Lybid runs east, then southeast, then roughly parallel to the Dnieper before it takes a sharp eastward turn and enters the Dnieper several kilometers south of Kyiv's center. The river travels through a
culvert
A culvert is a structure that channels water past an obstacle or to a subterranean waterway. Typically embedded so as to be surrounded by soil, a culvert may be made from a pipe, reinforced concrete or other material. In the United Kingdom ...
for much of its course. It can be seen along the railway lines south-east from the main station of Kyiv.
The Lybid has small tributaries, most notably the Khreschatyk River. It runs parallel to modern Kyiv's main street,
Khreschatyk
Khreshchatyk ( uk, Хрещатик, ) is the main street of Kyiv, Ukraine. The street has a length of . It stretches from the European Square (northeast) through the Maidan and to Bessarabska Square (southwest) where the Besarabsky Market is ...
. Another notable tributary, with small lakes on its course, joins just as the Lybid turns to the east in the Montajnik area south of central Kyiv.
Name
The river was named after the possibly mythical ''Lybid,'' sister of the legendary founders of
Kyiv,
Kyi, Shchek and Khoryv. Others state that Lybid was a former ruler of the Kyiv prior to times of
Kyivan Rus'.
History
References to the Lybid River were first made in records in 968 A.D. The Lybid was then a relatively big river, as deep as 20 meters in some places. It formed the southern boundary of the city.
In the 19th century, the river was widely used for milling. In some places, it reached up to 50 meters across. Three
watermills were situated on one of these wide sections where the river formed a reservoir with small islands on it. The biggest watermill was Mikhaylivska. Seven watermills lined the river. Due to the milling business, the surrounding area began to develop, with inns and small villages. Late in the 19th century, construction of the
railway began.
Twenty-first century
Lybid is no more than half a meter deep and does not exceed four meters in width. Its course now is mostly subterranean, flowing through concrete pipes, growing polluted as it flows past the town's industrial areas.
References
{{Authority control
Rivers of Kyiv