''Lumnitzera'' is an

Indo-West Pacific The Indo-Pacific is a vast biogeographic region of Earth. In a narrow sense, sometimes known as the Indo-West Pacific or Indo-Pacific Asia, it comprises the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, the western and central Pacific Ocean, and the ...

mangrove A mangrove is a shrub or tree that grows in coastal saline water, saline or brackish water. The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of such species. Mangroves are taxonomically diverse, as a result of convergent evoluti ...

genus in the family Combretaceae. An English common name is black mangrove. (However, "black mangrove" may also refer to the unrelated genus ''

Avicennia ''Avicennia'' is a genus of flowering plants currently placed in the bear's breeches family, Acanthaceae. It contains mangrove trees, which occur in the intertidal zones of estuarine areas and are characterized by its "pencil roots", which are a ...

''.) ''Lumnitzera'', named after the German botanist, Stephan Lumnitzer (1750-1806), occurs in mangroves from

East Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territories make up Eastern Africa: Due to the historical ...

to the Western Pacific (including Fiji and Tonga), and northern Australia.

The genus has two species of similar vegetative appearance but with differing flower colour. ''

Lumnitzera littorea ''Lumnitzera'' is an Indo-West Pacific mangrove genus in the family Combretaceae. An English common name is black mangrove. (However, "black mangrove" may also refer to the unrelated genus ''Avicennia''.) ''Lumnitzera'', named after the German ...

'' has red flowers whereas ''

Lumnitzera racemosa ''Lumnitzera racemosa'', commonly known as the white-flowered black mangrove, is a species of mangrove in the family Combretaceae. It is found on the eastern coast of Africa and other places in the western Indo-Pacific region. It has one accept ...

'' has white flowers. Both species have flat and spoon-shaped (spathulate) leaves with emarginate tips. ''L. racemosa'' dominates in the western part of the range and ''L. littorea'' dominates in the east. Hybrids occur within the zone of overlap (''Lumnitzera × rosea''). Three genera of the tropical woody family Combretaceae, ''

Laguncularia ''Laguncularia'' is a genus of plants in the family Combretaceae The Combretaceae, often called the white mangrove family, are a family of flowering plants in the order Myrtales. The family includes about 530 species of trees, shrubs, and lia ...

'', ''

Conocarpus ''Conocarpus'' is a genus of two species of flowering plants in the family Combretaceae, native to tropical regions of the world. One of the species is a widespread mangrove species, and the other is restricted to a small area around the southern ...

'', and ''Lumnitzera'', are found in mangroves but ''Lumnitzera'' is the only one to occur in the Indo-West Pacific mangroves, including Australia. ''Lumnitzera racemosa'' var. racemosa (Tonga mangrove, af, Tonga-wortelboom, zu, Isikhaha-esibomvu) is a protected tree in

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...

List of species

*''

'' *''

Lumnitzera pedicellata ''Lumnitzera'' is an Indo-Pacific, Indo-West Pacific mangrove genus in the family Combretaceae. An English common name is black mangrove. (However, "black mangrove" may also refer to the unrelated genus ''Avicennia''.) ''Lumnitzera'', named aft ...

'' *''

Lumnitzera × rosea ''Lumnitzera'' is an Indo-West Pacific mangrove genus in the family Combretaceae. An English common name is black mangrove. (However, "black mangrove" may also refer to the unrelated genus ''Avicennia''.) ''Lumnitzera'', named after the German ...

'' There have been a number of taxa that possessed the Lumnitzera genus that are now unplaced or assigned to other taxa: * ''Lumnitzera caesia'' Spreng., unplaced * ''Lumnitzera capitata'' (Roth) Spreng., synonym of '' Platostoma hispidum'' (L.) A.J.Paton * ''Lumnitzera carnosa'' Spreng., synonym of ''

Ocimum carnosum ''Ocimum'' is a genus of aromatic annual and perennial herbs and shrubs in the family Lamiaceae, native to the tropical and warm temperate regions of all 6 inhabited continents, with the greatest number of species in Africa. It is the genus o ...

'' (Spreng.) Link & Otto ex Benth. * ''Lumnitzera coccinea'' Wight & Arn., synonym of ''

'' (Jack) Voigt * ''Lumnitzera densiflora'' (Roth) Spreng., synonym of ''

Isodon rugosus ''Isodon'' is a group of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae described as a genus in 1840. It is native to tropical and subtropical parts of the Old World, primarily Asia but two species are from Africa. Many of the species are endemic to ...

'' (Wall. ex Benth.) Codd * ''Lumnitzera fastigiata'' (Roth) Spreng., synonym of ''

Salvia plebeia ''Salvia plebeia'' is an annual or biennial herb that is native to a wide region of Asia. It grows on hillsides, streamsides, and wet fields from sea level to . ''S. plebeia'' grows on erect stems to a height of tall, with elliptic-ovate to ell ...

'' R.Br. * ''Lumnitzera lutea'' C.Presl, synonym of ''

'' var. ''lutea'' (Gaudich.) Exell * ''Lumnitzera montana'' F.Muell., synonym of ''

Macropteranthes montana ''Macropteranthes'' is a genus containing five species of woody shrub native to northern Australia. Four species, ''M. fitzalanii, M. leichhardtii, M. leiocaulis'', and ''M. montana'', are found in Queensland, predominantly along the northeaster ...

'' (F.Muell.) F.Muell. ex Benth. * ''Lumnitzera moschata'' (R.Br.) Spreng., synonym of ''

Basilicum polystachyon ''Basilicum'' is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, first described in 1802. It contains only one known species, ''Basilicum polystachyon'', native to Africa, Madagascar, southern Asia (Saudi Arabia, India, China, Indochina, Borneo, Phil ...

'' (L.) Moench * ''Lumnitzera pentandra'' Griff., synonym of ''

'' (Jack) Voigt * ''Lumnitzera polystachyon'' (L.) J.Jacq. ex Spreng., synonym of''

''(L.) Moench * ''Lumnitzera prostrata'' (L.) Spreng., synonym of ''

Platostoma menthoides ''Platostoma menthoides'' is a species of plant belonging to the mint family Lamiaceae and is found widely in Tamil Nadu, India. Traditionally this plant used in common cold and febrifuge An antipyretic (, from ''anti-'' 'against' and ' 'fev ...

'' (L.) A.J.Paton * ''Lumnitzera purpurea'' (Gaudich.) C. Presl, synonym of ''

'' (Jack) Voigt * ''Lumnitzera rubicunda'' (D.Don) Spreng., synonym of ''

Orthosiphon rubicundus ''Orthosiphon'' is a genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae native to Africa, Southern Asia and Queensland, with one species ''(O. americanus)'' in Colombia. They are herbaceous shrubs which grow to a height of . Some ''Orthosiphon'' species are ...

'' (D.Don) Benth. * ''Lumnitzera salvioides'' (B.Heyne ex Roth) Spreng., synonym of ''

Plectranthus salvioides ''Plectranthus'' is a genus of about 85 species of flowering plants from the sage family, Lamiaceae, found mostly in southern and tropical Africa and Madagascar. Common names include spur-flower. ''Plectranthus'' species are herbaceous perennial ...

'' (B.Heyne ex Roth) Benth. * ''Lumnitzera tenuiflora'' (L.) Spreng., synonym of ''

Ocimum tenuiflorum ''Ocimum tenuiflorum'', commonly known as holy basil, ''tulsi'' or ''tulasi'', is an aromatic perennial plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to the Indian subcontinent and widespread as a cultivated plant throughout the Southeast Asian ...

'' L. * ''Lumnitzera virgata'' (D.Don) Spreng., synonym of ''

var. ''rubicundus''

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q2520573 Combretaceae Mangroves Protected trees of South Africa Myrtales genera