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Lujiazui, also known under its Shanghainese name Lohkatse (, , lit. meaning "
he Lu family's mouth"), is a locality in
Shanghai
Shanghai (; , , Standard Mandarin pronunciation: ) is one of the four direct-administered municipalities of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The city is located on the southern estuary of the Yangtze River, with the Huangpu River flow ...
, a peninsula formed by a bend in the
Huangpu River
The Huangpu (), formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a river flowing north through Shanghai. The Bund and Lujiazui are located along the Huangpu River.
The Huangpu is the biggest river in central Shanghai, with the Suzhou Creek being its maj ...
. Since the early 1990s, Lujiazui has been developed specifically as a new financial district of Shanghai. The decision to earmark Lujiazui for this purpose reflects its location: it is located on the east side of the Huangpu River in
Pudong
Pudong is a district of Shanghai located east of the Huangpu, the river which flows through central Shanghai. The name ''Pudong'' was originally applied to the Huangpu's east bank, directly across from the west bank or Puxi, the historic city ...
, and sits directly across the river from the old financial and business district of
the Bund
The Bund or Waitan (, Shanghainese romanization: ''Nga3thae1'', , ) is a waterfront area and a protected historical district in central Shanghai. The area centers on a section of Zhongshan Road (East Zhongshan Road No.1) within the former Shang ...
.
Lujiazui is a national-level development zone designated by the government. In 2005, the
State Council State Council may refer to:
Government
* State Council of the Republic of Korea, the national cabinet of South Korea, headed by the President
* State Council of the People's Republic of China, the national cabinet and chief administrative auth ...
reaffirmed the positioning of the Lujiazui area as the only finance and trade zone among the 185 state-level development zones in mainland China.
Geography
Lujiazui is located in the Pudong New District on the eastern bank of
Huangpu River
The Huangpu (), formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a river flowing north through Shanghai. The Bund and Lujiazui are located along the Huangpu River.
The Huangpu is the biggest river in central Shanghai, with the Suzhou Creek being its maj ...
. It forms a peninsula on a bend of the Huangpu River, which turns from flowing north to flowing east. The importance of Lujiazui stems from the fact that it lies directly across the river from
the Bund
The Bund or Waitan (, Shanghainese romanization: ''Nga3thae1'', , ) is a waterfront area and a protected historical district in central Shanghai. The area centers on a section of Zhongshan Road (East Zhongshan Road No.1) within the former Shang ...
, the old financial and business district of Shanghai, and just south of the confluence of the
Suzhou Creek
Suzhou Creek (or Soochow Creek), also called the Wusong (Woosung) River, is a river that passes through the Shanghai city center. It is named after the neighboring city of Suzhou (Soochow), Jiangsu, the predominant settlement in this area prior ...
with the
Huangpu River
The Huangpu (), formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a river flowing north through Shanghai. The Bund and Lujiazui are located along the Huangpu River.
The Huangpu is the biggest river in central Shanghai, with the Suzhou Creek being its maj ...
. Until the 1980s, Lujiazui was a relatively low-built area, featuring residential houses, warehouses, and factories. Following the allocation of Lujiazui as a special investment zone in 1992, the development of Lujiazui's skyline begun. This was largely driven by Chinese state owned enterprises investing and developing the property within the area, with the inaugural landmark, the
Oriental Pearl Tower, being completed in 1994.
Economy
The success of Lujiazui in the past 20 years has fueled tourism and business related travel to Shanghai. Pictures of the Lujiazui skyline dominate Shanghai tourism materials, and there are 5 five-star hotels in the area, providing approximately 2,443 rooms, and three more five-star hotels are expected in the area in the coming years, adding more than 1,200 luxury units.
History
Formation
The modern configuration of the
Huangpu River
The Huangpu (), formerly romanized as Whangpoo, is a river flowing north through Shanghai. The Bund and Lujiazui are located along the Huangpu River.
The Huangpu is the biggest river in central Shanghai, with the Suzhou Creek being its maj ...
and
Suzhou Creek
Suzhou Creek (or Soochow Creek), also called the Wusong (Woosung) River, is a river that passes through the Shanghai city center. It is named after the neighboring city of Suzhou (Soochow), Jiangsu, the predominant settlement in this area prior ...
beyond the
old county town of Shanghai is the result of engineering works completed during the early
Ming Dynasty
The Ming dynasty (), officially the Great Ming, was an Dynasties in Chinese history, imperial dynasty of China, ruling from 1368 to 1644 following the collapse of the Mongol Empire, Mongol-led Yuan dynasty. The Ming dynasty was the last ort ...
. The result is that the wider Huangpu River, flowing north past the county town, then turned east at its confluence with the now narrower Suzhou Creek, proceeding along the former downstream channel of the Suzhou Creek to enter the sea at Wusongkou, the former mouth of Suzhou Creek.
The bend in the Huangpu River resulted in the formation of an alluvial beach east and south of the bend. This alluvial floodplain was called a "mouth" (''zui'') after its shape. It was named after the family of Lu Shen, a 15th-century scholar-official of the Ming Dynasty. Lu's family became one of the most prominent in Ming Dynasty Shanghai, and lived in the Yangjing canal area, east of the Huangpu River and close to today's Lujiazui.
Settlement
During the Ming Dynasty, fishermen were recorded as living in Lujiazui. During the Qing Dynasty, the construction of levees on the peninsula encouraged settlement in greater numbers, with a number of villages forming in the part of the peninsula within the levees. Mudflats remained outside the levees.
The opening of Shanghai as a treaty port in the mid-19th century led to rapid development of Lujiazui as an industrial and commercial area servicing Shanghai. The middle part of the peninsula became a town called Lannidu (烂泥渡, literally "Mud Ferry"), named after one of the wharves on the river bank. British, American, French, German and Japanese interests built a series of factories, warehouses and storage yards, and wharves to service them. A busy commercial street developed in Lannidu to service the commodities trade as well as the daily needs of the many workers employed by the industrial facilities.
Development since 1986
In 1986, as part of reform measures to use Shanghai as a centre for increasing economic development and trade in China, a Chinese government policy document referred to the development of Pudong for the first time, including the creation of a new financial and trading center in Lujiazui.
The policy of "developing and opening up Pudong" was officially announced in 1990. Pudong was quickly transformed over the next few decades from its industrial past into a financial and commercial centre. As well as a large number of skyscrapers housing the offices of corporations, banks and professional service firms, the area also features a number of hotels and shopping centres, and a convention centre by the waterfront. The
Oriental Pearl Radio & Television Tower has dominated the skyline of Lujiazui since it was completed in 1995, although there are now two skyscrapers taller than it.
In 2015, the
Shanghai Free Trade Zone
Shanghai Free-Trade Zone (Shanghai FTZ or SFTZ), officially China (Shanghai) Pilot Free-Trade Zone, is a free-trade zone in Shanghai, China. On 22 August 2013, the State Council approved the establishment of the zone. Officially launched on 29 ...
was expanded to include Lujiazui.
Buildings
Landmark buildings in Lujiazui include:
*
Oriental Pearl Tower
*
Jin Mao Tower
*
Shanghai World Financial Center
*
Super Brand Mall
Super Brand Mall (Chinese: 正大广场; pinyin: Z''hèngdà Guǎngcháng'') is a major Shanghainese shopping center. Set in the prime location of Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone, Super Brand Mall has views of Shanghai's famous Bund. As a large- ...
*
Shanghai IFC
Shanghai International Finance Center, usually abbreviated as Shanghai IFC, is a commercial building complex and a shopping center (branded Shanghai IFC mall was officially opened to public on 28 April 2010) located at 8 Century Avenue, Lujiazu ...
*
Bank of China Tower
*
Shanghai Tower
Transportation
By water, Lujiazui is linked to the rest of central Shanghai by ferry services from two wharves, located at the northern and southern ends of the area respectively. At the southern end, the Dongchang Road ferry terminal provides river-crossing services across the Huangpu River to central and southern central Shanghai. The most popular ferry service for tourists connects Dongchang Road wharf with Jinling East wharf, located on
the Bund
The Bund or Waitan (, Shanghainese romanization: ''Nga3thae1'', , ) is a waterfront area and a protected historical district in central Shanghai. The area centers on a section of Zhongshan Road (East Zhongshan Road No.1) within the former Shang ...
. At the north end, the Xichang Inn wharf provides river-crossing services across the Huangpu River to northern central Shanghai. The former Lujiazui ferry wharf, once part of the most popular river crossing in Shanghai, was closed in 1999, with its wharf structure now used as a waterfront seating area.
By road, Lujiazui is connected to the rest of central Shanghai by the Yan'an East Road Tunnel, linking the southern end of
the Bund
The Bund or Waitan (, Shanghainese romanization: ''Nga3thae1'', , ) is a waterfront area and a protected historical district in central Shanghai. The area centers on a section of Zhongshan Road (East Zhongshan Road No.1) within the former Shang ...
with the centre of Lujiazui. Further away from the centre of Lujiazui, the Renmin Road Tunnel and Fuxing East Road Tunnel link southern Lujiazui with southern central Shanghai, while Xinjian Road Tunnel and Dalian Road Tunnel link northern Lujiazui with northern central Shanghai.
By metro, Lujiazui is served by
Lujiazui station, which is on
Shanghai Metro Line 2
Line 2 is an east–west line in the Shanghai Metro network. With a length of nearly , it is the second longest line in the metro system after line 11. Line 2 runs from in the west to in the east, passing Hongqiao Airport, the Huangpu river, an ...
.
Additionally, the
Bund Sightseeing Tunnel
The Bund Sightseeing Tunnel is a tunnel connecting the Shanghai Bund and Pudong in Shanghai, China.
Overview
The line has a total length of 646.7 meters, with two stations and 14 cars (as of 2010). Construction started in 1998 and trial operatio ...
is a tourist attraction consisting of slow-moving underground vehicles which move between the Bund and Lujiazui accompanied by light and sound effects in the tunnel.
Gallery
File:Jin Mao Tower.jpg, Jin Mao Tower from the Oriental Pearl Tower, with the SWFC under construction in 2005
File:Shanghai citic.jpg, CITIC Pacific HQ & Mandarin Oriental
File:Shanghai World Financial Center In Lujiazui.JPG, Shanghai World Financial Center
File:Pudong district roads traffic skyscrapers, Shanghai.JPG, Lujiazui Finance and Trade Zone, Pudong
File:Lujiazui skyline, Pudong, Shanghai.JPG, Lujiazui skyline, Pudong
File:Lujiazui panorama.jpg, Lujiazui panorama
References
External links
"Lujiazui still on the rise," by Tian Xiuzhen, Shanghai Star. 2004-12-16*
ttp://live.shanghaidaily.com/housing/review.asp?pagename=lujiazui ShanghaiDaily.com - Area review.
{{Pudong
Financial districts in China
Neighbourhoods of Shanghai
Special Economic Zones of China
Pudong