Lufeng, alternately

romanized Romanization or romanisation, in linguistics, is the conversion of text from a different writing system to the Roman (Latin) script, or a system for doing so. Methods of romanization include transliteration, for representing written text, and ...

as Lukfung, is a

county-level city A county-level municipality (), county-level city or county city, formerly known as prefecture-controlled city (1949–1970: ; 1970–1983: ), is a Administrative divisions of China#County level (3rd), county-level administrative divi ...

in the southeast of

Guangdong Guangdong (, ), alternatively romanized as Canton or Kwangtung, is a coastal province in South China on the north shore of the South China Sea. The capital of the province is Guangzhou. With a population of 126.01 million (as of 2020) ...

province, administered as a part of the

prefecture-level city A prefecture-level city () or prefectural city is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. During the Republican era, many of China' ...

Shanwei Shanwei (), or Swabue is a prefecture-level city in eastern Guangdong province, People's Republic of China. It borders Jieyang to the east, Meizhou and Heyuan to the north, Huizhou to the west, and looks out to the South China Sea to the south. I ...

. It lies on the mainland on coast of the

South China Sea The South China Sea is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is bounded in the north by the shores of South China (hence the name), in the west by the Indochinese Peninsula, in the east by the islands of Taiwan and northwestern Phil ...

east of

Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ( abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delt ...

History

Under the

Qing The Qing dynasty ( ), officially the Great Qing,, was a Manchu-led imperial dynasty of China and the last orthodox dynasty in Chinese history. It emerged from the Later Jin dynasty founded by the Jianzhou Jurchens, a Tungusic-speaki ...

, the area was known as . Together with neighboring Haifeng and the now separated

Luhe county Luhe County () is a county of eastern Guangdong province, China. It is under the administration of Shanwei City. The majority of Luhe residents come from Hakka ancestry and speak a local dialect rooted in the Hakka language Hakka (, , ) for ...

now carved out from Lufeng, it formed the short-lived

Hailufeng Soviet The Hailufeng Soviet ( zh, 海陆丰苏维埃, ''i.e.'' Hai engLufeng Soviet) was the first Chinese Soviet territory, established in November 1927, by Peng Pai with Ye Ting's remnant troops from the Nanchang Uprising. After the Little Long March ...

in 1927. It was later promoted to

status. The area rose to prominence in the early 21st century as a scene of unrest. Jieshi saw serious inter-village violence over road use in October 2009 and March 2010 and, in September 2011, a series of protests or riots occurred in Wukan Village over allegations of

Communist Party A communist party is a political party that seeks to realize the socio-economic goals of communism. The term ''communist party'' was popularized by the title of ''The Manifesto of the Communist Party'' (1848) by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. A ...

members unfairly selling farmers' land for development. Fresh protests broke out in December, when one of the village leaders died in the police custody. The police blocked the roads leading to the village.

Administration

As of 2005 year's end, the city comprises three urban subdistricts and 17

towns A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world. Origin and use The word "town" shares an ori ...

. These are organised into 47 neighbourhood committees and 280

village committees A village is a clustered human settlement or community, larger than a hamlet but smaller than a town (although the word is often used to describe both hamlets and smaller towns), with a population typically ranging from a few hundred to ...

. The city's executive, legislature and

judiciary The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law ...

are located in the

Donghai Subdistrict Donghai (East Sea) may refer to: China *East China Sea, also known as Donghai from its Chinese name (东海), a marginal sea east of China **East Sea (Chinese literature), one of the Four Seas, a literary name for the boundaries of China *Donghai C ...

(), together with the CPC subbranch and PSB suboffice. Wukan Village, site of the

Wukan protests The Wukan protests (), also known as the Siege of Wukan, was an anti-corruption protest that began in September 2011, and escalated in December 2011 with the expulsion of officials by villagers, the siege of the town by police, and subsequent d� ...

, is also located in the Donghai subdistrict.

Urban subdistricts

* Donghai () * Chengdong () * Hexi ()

Towns

* Jieshi (碣石) *Qiaochong () *Bomei () *Jiazi (Kapchi; Chiatzu) () *Jiadong () *

Jiaxi Jiaxi () is a town in Lufeng, Guangdong province, China. , it had 22 villages under its administration. See also * List of township-level divisions of Guangdong This is a list of township-level divisions of the province of Guangdong, Peop ...

() *Hudong () *Beiyang () *Nantang () *Bawan () *Tanxi () *Da'an () *Jinxiang () *Neihu () *Xinan () *Shangying () *Hedong ()

Demography

Lufeng has a population of 1.7 million,"Beijing: zero tolerance against illegal land-grabs
Asia News. 26 September 2011. the most of them are Han Chinese. More specifically, a considerable percentage of the population belong to the Minnan sub group; the rest are

Teochews The Teochew people or Chaoshan people (rendered Têo-Swa in romanized Teoswa and Chaoshan in Standard Chinese also known as Teo-Swa in mainland China due to a change in place names) is anyone native to the historical Chaoshan region in south ...

Hakka The Hakka (), sometimes also referred to as Hakka Han, or Hakka Chinese, or Hakkas are a Han Chinese subgroup whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhej ...

and Ming Dynasty Jianghuai military speakers. Therefore, dialects of both

Min Nan Southern Min (), Minnan (Mandarin pronunciation: ) or Banlam (), is a group of linguistically similar and historically related Sinitic languages that form a branch of Min Chinese spoken in Fujian (especially the Minnan region), most of Taiwan ...

, Teochew and

are spoken, in addition to

Mandarin Mandarin or The Mandarin may refer to: Language * Mandarin Chinese, branch of Chinese originally spoken in northern parts of the country ** Standard Chinese or Modern Standard Mandarin, the official language of China ** Taiwanese Mandarin, Stand ...

, which is used in official and public life. The Hailufeng dialect, however, only refers to the Hokkien variant.

Climate

Transportation

Lufeng railway station on the Xiamen–Shenzhen railway serves the city, though it is located some distance outside the city. Lufeng East and Lufeng South, both on the

Shantou–Shanwei high-speed railway The Shantou–Shanwei high-speed railway is a high-speed railway currently under construction in China. The Shantou-Shanwei high-speed railway runs from Shantou railway station to Shanwei railway station. It serves as a faster parallel corridor to ...

, will serve the city in the future.

Notable people

Wen Yuan-ning Wen Yuan-ning ( 1900-1984), also known as Oon Guan-neng, was a Chinese professor, writer, and diplomat. Wen Yuan-ning was born in Bangka Island, Bangka off Sumatra, formerly of the Dutch East Indies and now of Indonesia, to an immigrant Chinese H ...

, also known as Oon Guan-neng, Chinese professor, writer, and diplomat. * Wong Yuk-man, Hong Kong politician * Charles Heung, actor-turned-film producer and presenter *

Ada Zhuang Ada Zhuang (Simplified Chinese: 庄心妍) (Traditional Chinese: 莊心妍) (Pinyin: Zhuāng xīn yán) (born 9 January 1993), is a Chinese C-pop singer who started her music career in 2012. Since then, she has been gaining popularity in Mainland ...

, C-pop artist

Notes

References

Citations

Bibliography

* , reprinted 2000. {{authority control County-level cities in Guangdong Shanwei