Ludwig Lichtheim (7 December 1845 in Breslau – 13 January 1928) was a German

physician A physician (American English), medical practitioner (Commonwealth English), medical doctor, or simply doctor, is a health professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring health through th ...

Jewish Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

descent.

Biography

He was educated at the gymnasium in Breslau, and studied medicine at the universities of

Berlin Berlin ( , ) is the capital and largest city of Germany by both area and population. Its 3.7 million inhabitants make it the European Union's most populous city, according to population within city limits. One of Germany's sixteen constitue ...

, Zurich, and Breslau, graduating in 1868. From 1869 to 1872 he was assistant in the medical hospital at Breslau under

Hermann Lebert Hermann Lebert (born ''Hermann Lewy'', 9 June 1813 – 1 August 1878) was a German physician and naturalist. Lebert was born in Breslau. He studied medicine and the natural sciences first in Berlin and later in Zurich under Johann Lukas Sch� ...

; from 1872 to 1873 in the surgical hospital at Halle under

Richard von Volkmann Richard von Volkmann (17 August 1830 – 28 November 1889) was a prominent German surgeon and author of poetry and fiction. Some of his works were illustrated by his son, Hans, a well known artist. Biography He was born in Leipzig on 17 Augus ...

; and from 1873 to 1877 again at Breslau in the medical

polyclinic A polyclinic (where ''poly'' means "many"; not to be confused with the homonym policlinic, where ''poli'' means "city" and which is sometimes used for a hospital's outpatient department) is a clinic or health care facility that provides both gen ...

, under Lebert and Michael Anton Biermer.Ludwig Lichtheim
at Who Named It He became

privat-docent ''Privatdozent'' (for men) or ''Privatdozentin'' (for women), abbreviated PD, P.D. or Priv.-Doz., is an academic title conferred at some European universities, especially in German-speaking countries, to someone who holds certain formal qualific ...

at Breslau University in 1876; an assistant professor at the

University of Jena The University of Jena, officially the Friedrich Schiller University Jena (german: Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, abbreviated FSU, shortened form ''Uni Jena''), is a public research university located in Jena, Thuringia, Germany. The un ...

in 1877; and was called in 1888 to the

University of Königsberg The University of Königsberg (german: Albertus-Universität Königsberg) was the university of Königsberg in East Prussia. It was founded in 1544 as the world's second Protestant academy (after the University of Marburg) by Duke Albert of Prussi ...

as a professor of medicine, his final position.Lichtheim, Ludwig
at Jewish Encyclopedia In 1891, with Adolph Strümpell,

Wilhelm Heinrich Erb Wilhelm Heinrich Erb (30 November 1840 – 29 October 1921) was a German neurologist. He was born in Winnweiler, and died in Heidelberg. Academic career In 1864 he received his medical degree from the University of Heidelberg, where for sev ...

and

Friedrich Schultze Friedrich Schultze (12 August 1848 – 14 October 1934) was a German neurologist and native of Rathenow, Brandenburg. He is known for being the founder of child neurology. In 1871 he earned his doctorate at Heidelberg, and afterwards spent sev ...

(1848-1934), he founded the journal "'' Deutsche Zeitschrift für Nervenheilkunde''". He was an expert on

aphasia Aphasia is an inability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. The major causes are stroke and head trauma; prevalence is hard to determine but aphasia due to stroke is estimated to be 0.1–0.4% in th ...

and developed an explanation of

language processing in the brain Language processing refers to the way humans use words to communicate ideas and feelings, and how such communications are processed and understood. Language processing is considered to be a uniquely human ability that is not produced with the sa ...

, which was used as part of medical school training in

neurology Neurology (from el, wikt:νεῦρον, νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix wikt:-logia, -logia, "study of") is the branch of specialty (medicine), medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of co ...

. Furthermore, he developed an early model about the functional principle of the (human) brain, the so-called Wernicke-Lichtheim Model.

Associated eponym

* "Lichtheim's sign": A phenomenon seen in

subcortical The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals. The cerebral cortex mostly consists of the six-layered neocortex, with just 10% consisting of ...

motor aphasia Expressive aphasia, also known as Broca's aphasia, is a type of aphasia characterized by partial loss of the ability to produce language ( spoken, manual, or written), although comprehension generally remains intact. A person with expressive aphas ...

. The patient can indicate through the use of his/her fingers the number of syllables of a word he has in mind but is unable to speak.Lichtheim's sign in aphasia
at Who Named It

Publications

Lichtheim wrote many essays in the medical journals, among which may be mentioned: *"Ueber Behandlung Pleuritischer Exsudate," in "Sammlung Klinischer Vorträge," 1872; (with

Julius Friedrich Cohnheim Julius Friedrich Cohnheim (20 July 1839 – 15 August 1884) was a German-Jewish pathologist. Biography Cohnheim was born at Demmin, Pomerania. He studied at the universities of Würzburg, Marburg, Greifswald, and Berlin, receiving his doctoral deg ...

) *"Ueber Hydrämie und Hydrämisches Oedem," in Virchow's "Archiv," lxix.; *"Ueber Periodische Haemoglobinurie," in "Sammlung Klinischer Vorträge," 1878; *"Die Antipyretische Wirkung des Phenols," in "Breslauer Aerztliche Zeitschrift," 1881; *"Ueber Tuberkulose," in "Rapport des Kongresses für Innere Medizin," 1883; *"Die Chronischen Herzmuskelerkrankungen und Ihre Behandlung," ib. 1888; *"Zur Diagnose der Meningitis," in "Berliner Klinische Wochenschrift," 1895. He was the author also of "Die Störungen des Lungenkreislaufs, und Ihr Einfluss auf den Blutdruck" (Berlin, 1876).

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lichtheim, Ludwig 1845 births 1928 deaths 19th-century German Jews German neurologists Physicians from Wrocław People from the Province of Silesia Humboldt University of Berlin alumni People associated with the University of Zurich University of Breslau alumni University of Breslau faculty University of Jena faculty University of Königsberg faculty

Biography

Associated eponym

Publications

See also

References