Ludolf BakhuizenLudolf Bakhuizen
at the

Netherlands Institute for Art History The Netherlands Institute for Art History or RKD (Dutch: RKD-Nederlands Instituut voor Kunstgeschiedenis), previously Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie (RKD), is located in The Hague and is home to the largest art history center i ...

(28 December 1630 – 7 November 1708) was a German-born

Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...

painter, draughtsman, calligrapher and printmaker. He was the leading Dutch painter of maritime subjects after

Willem van de Velde the Elder Willem van de Velde the Elder (1610/11 – 13 December 1693) was a Dutch Golden Age seascape painter, who produced many precise drawings of ships and ink paintings of fleets, but later learned to use oil paints like his son. Biography W ...

and

Younger Younger or Youngers may refer to: People * Younger (surname) * List of people known as the Elder or the Younger Arts and entertainment * ''Younger'', an American novel by Pamela Redmond Satran ** ''Younger'' (TV series), an American sitcom base ...

left for England in 1672. He also painted portraits of his family and circle of friends.

Life

He was born in

Emden Emden () is an independent city and seaport in Lower Saxony in the northwest of Germany, on the river Ems. It is the main city of the region of East Frisia and, in 2011, had a total population of 51,528. History The exact founding date of E ...

East Frisia East Frisia or East Friesland (german: Ostfriesland; ; stq, Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia ...

, and came to

Amsterdam Amsterdam ( , , , lit. ''The Dam on the River Amstel'') is the Capital of the Netherlands, capital and Municipalities of the Netherlands, most populous city of the Netherlands, with The Hague being the seat of government. It has a population ...

in about 1650, working as a merchant's clerk and a

calligrapher Calligraphy (from el, link=y, καλλιγραφία) is a visual art related to writing. It is the design and execution of lettering with a pen, ink brush, or other writing instrument. Contemporary calligraphic practice can be defined as "t ...

. He discovered so strong a genius for painting that he relinquished the business and devoted himself to art from the late 1650s, initially in pen drawings. He studied first under

Allart van Everdingen Allaert van Everdingen (, bapt. 18 June 16218 November 1675 (buried)), was a Dutch Golden Age painter and printmaker in etching and mezzotint. Biography Van Everdingen was born at Alkmaar, the son of a government clerk. He and his older broth ...

and then under Hendrik Dubbels, two eminent masters of the time, and soon became celebrated for his sea-pieces, which often had rough seas. He was an ardent student of nature, and frequently exposed himself on the sea in an open boat in order to study the effects of storms. His compositions, which are numerous, are nearly all variations of one subject, the sea, and in a style peculiarly his own, marked by intense realism or faithful imitation of nature. He moved frequently and lived at Haarlemmerstraat,

Nes The Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) is an 8-bit third-generation home video game console produced by Nintendo. It was first released in Japan in 1983 as the commonly known as the The NES, a redesigned version, was released in American ...

and N.Z. Voorburgwal, Singel and Herengracht. Bakhuizen assisted

Bartholomeus van der Helst Bartholomeus van der Helst (1613 – buried 16 December 1670) was a Dutch painter. Considered to be one of the leading portrait painters of the Dutch Golden Age, his elegant portraits gained him the patronage of Amsterdam's elite as well as t ...

in 1668.Bartholomeus van der Helst (c. 1613-1670): a Study of his Life and his Work by J. van Gent, p. 41, 135, 423 In his later years Bakhuizen employed his skills in

etching Etching is traditionally the process of using strong acid or mordant to cut into the unprotected parts of a metal surface to create a design in intaglio (incised) in the metal. In modern manufacturing, other chemicals may be used on other types ...

; he also painted a few examples each of several other genres of painting, such as portraits, landscapes and

genre painting Genre painting (or petit genre), a form of genre art, depicts aspects of everyday life by portraying ordinary people engaged in common activities. One common definition of a genre scene is that it shows figures to whom no identity can be attached ...

s. Bakhuizen painted portraits of his large circle of friends. These are of lesser artistic value but provide an insight into his good relations with contemporary scholars and literary figures. During his life Bakhuizen was visited by

Cosimo III de' Medici Cosimo III de' Medici (14 August 1642 – 31 October 1723) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1670 until his death in 1723, the sixth and penultimate from the House of Medici. He reigned from 1670 to 1723, and was the elder son of Grand Duke Ferdinan ...

Peter the Great Peter I ( – ), most commonly known as Peter the Great,) or Pyotr Alekséyevich ( rus, Пётр Алексе́евич, p=ˈpʲɵtr ɐlʲɪˈksʲejɪvʲɪtɕ, , group=pron was a Russian monarch who ruled the Tsardom of Russia from t ...

and also worked for various German princes. In 1699 he opened a gallery on the top floor of the Amsterdam townhall. After a visit to England he was buried on 12 November 1708.

Gallery

File:Ludolf Bakhuizen - Dutch Merchant - Ships in a Storm - Google Art Project.jpg, ''Ships in a Storm'', 1670s - 1690s File:Ludolf Backhuysen - Seascape and Fishing Boats - Google Art Project.jpg, ''Seascape and Fishing Boats'', 1708 File:Bakhuizen, Battle of Vigo Bay.jpg, ''

Battle of Vigo Bay The Battle of Vigo Bay, also known as the Battle of Rande (; ), was a naval engagement fought on 23 October 1702 during the opening years of the War of the Spanish Succession. The engagement followed an Anglo-Dutch attempt to capture the Spanish ...

'' 1702 File:Ludolf Backhuysen - Dutchman Embarking onto a Yacht - Google Art Project.jpg, ''Dutchman Embarking onto a Yacht'', 1670-1679 File:Johan de Liefde (ca. 1619-73). Vice-admiraal Rijksmuseum SK-A-832.jpeg, ''Johan de Liefde, Vice-Admiral'' File:Ludolf Bakhuizen - The Y at Amsterdam viewed from Mussel Pier, 1673, oil on canvas, Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.jpg, ''The Y at Amsterdam viewed from Mussel Pier''

Notes

References

* * * Attribution: *

External links

* * *
"Ships in Distress in a Heavy Storm"
''Rijksmuseum'' {{DEFAULTSORT:Bakhuizen, Ludolf 1630 births 1708 deaths People from Emden Dutch Golden Age painters Dutch male painters German Baroque painters Dutch landscape painters Dutch marine artists German emigrants to the Dutch Republic