Lucius Marcius Celer Marcus Calpurnius Longus was a

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

senator, who was active during the second century AD. He was suffect consul in the last '' nundinium'' of 144 with Decimus Velius Fidus as his colleague.

Werner Eck Werner Eck (born 17 December 1939) is Professor of Ancient History at Cologne University, Germany, and a noted expert on the history and epigraphy of imperial Rome.Eck, W. (2007) ''The Age of Augustus''. 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, cover notes. Hi ...

"L. Marcius Celer M. Calpurnius Longus Prokonsul von Achaia und Suffektkonsul unter Hadrian"
''

Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik The ''Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik'' (commonly abbreviated ZPE; "Journal of Papyrology and Epigraphy") is a peer-reviewed academic journal which contains articles that pertain to papyrology and epigraphy. It has been described as " ...

'', 86 (1991), pp. 97-106 Longus is known entirely from inscriptions. There has been a disagreement over the evidence of Calpurnius Longus' life since

Edmund Groag Edmund Groag (2 February 1873, in Prerau – 19 August 1945, in Vienna) was an Austrian classical scholar, who specialized in Roman history. From 1892 he studied history and philology at the University of Vienna, receiving his doctorate in 18 ...

first set forth the facts of his existence in the last book he wrote, a prosopography of the proconsuls of Achaea. The most recent investigation of his life was by Giuseppe Camodeca, who established a time line of his life up to his suffect consulship, which he dated to 148. Unfortunately, Camodeca was unaware that Werner Eck had published a

military diploma A Roman military diploma was a document inscribed in bronze certifying that the holder was honourably discharged from the Roman armed forces and/or had received the grant of Roman citizenship from the emperor as reward for service. The diploma ...

that securely dated Calpurnius Longus' tenure as suffect consul to 144. Accordingly, all dates taken from Camodeca's article for Calpurnius Longus' life below are adjusted four years earlier. The earliest office attested for Calpurnius Longus was ''quattuorviri viarum curandarum'', or one of the four overseers of street maintenance in Rome, one of the magistracies that comprised the ''

vigintiviri __NOTOC__The ''vigintisexviri'' ( ''vigintisexvir''; ) were a college ( ''collegium'') of minor magistrates (''magistratus minores'') in the Roman Republic. The college consisted of six boards: * the ''decemviri stlitibus judicandis'' – 1 ...

''; membership in one of these four boards was a preliminary and required first step toward a gaining entry into the Roman Senate. This is dated as between the years 117 and 120. He is next attested as

military tribune A military tribune (Latin ''tribunus militum'', "tribune of the soldiers") was an officer of the Roman army who ranked below the legate and above the centurion. Young men of Equestrian rank often served as military tribune as a stepping stone ...

Legio I Italica Legio I Italica ("First Italian Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded by emperor Nero on September 22, 66 (the date is attested by an inscription). The epithet ''Italica'' is a reference to the Italian origin of its first r ...

, which was stationed at the time in Moesia; this is dated between the years 121 and 125. We can conclude Calpurnius Longus was appointed quaestor, for completion of this traditional Republican magistracy was the usual manner men were enrolled in the

Roman Senate The Roman Senate ( la, Senātus Rōmānus) was a governing and advisory assembly in ancient Rome. It was one of the most enduring institutions in Roman history, being established in the first days of the city of Rome (traditionally founded in ...

.Richard Talbert, ''The Senate of Imperial Rome'' (Princeton: University Press, 1984), p. 16 Although we can safely surmise he held the next two steps of the traditional Republican magistracies -- either

plebeian tribune Tribune of the plebs, tribune of the people or plebeian tribune ( la, tribunus plebis) was the first office of the Roman state that was open to the plebeians, and was, throughout the history of the Republic, the most important check on the power o ...

aedile ''Aedile'' ( ; la, aedīlis , from , "temple edifice") was an elected office of the Roman Republic. Based in Rome, the aediles were responsible for maintenance of public buildings () and regulation of public festivals. They also had powers to ...

, then

praetor Praetor ( , ), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of Ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected '' magistratus'' (magistrate), assigned to discharge vari ...

-- where his next attested office, ''legatus proconsularis'' or assistant to the proconsul, of

Bithynia and Pontus Bithynia and Pontus ( la, Provincia Bithynia et Pontus, Ancient Greek ) was the name of a province of the Roman Empire on the Black Sea coast of Anatolia (modern-day Turkey). It was formed during the late Roman Republic by the amalgamation of the ...

fit in: although during the second century the duties ''legatus proconsularis'' was often assumed after a Senator was praetor, there are examples of men assuming these duties before acceding to that rank. Nonetheless, it is estimated Calpurnius Longus was ''legatus proconsularis'' around 136 and that he was

proconsul A proconsul was an official of ancient Rome who acted on behalf of a consul. A proconsul was typically a former consul. The term is also used in recent history for officials with delegated authority. In the Roman Republic, military command, or ...

of Achaea, his last attested position before his consulate, around 140.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Marcius Celer Marcus Calpurnius Longus 2nd-century Romans Suffect consuls of Imperial Rome Celer Longus