The Lower Cross River languages form a branch of the
Cross River languages
The Cross River or Delta–Cross languages are a branch of the Benue–Congo language family spoken in south-easternmost Nigeria, with some speakers in south-westernmost Cameroon. The branch was first formulated by Joseph Greenberg; it is one of ...
of
Cross River State
)
, image_map = Nigeria - Cross River.svg
, map_alt =
, map_caption = Location of Cross River State in Nigeria
, coordinates =
, coor_pinpoint ...
,
Nigeria
Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...
. They consist of the divergent
Obolo language
Obolo (or Andoni) is a major Cross River language of Nigeria
Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa ...
(or Andoni, 200,000 speakers), and the core of the branch, which includes the 4 million speakers of the
Efik-Ibibio cluster.
*
Obolo
*Lower Cross proper:
Efik-Ibibio,
Ibino (Ibeno),
Oro
Oro or ORO, meaning gold in Spanish and Italian, may refer to:
Music and dance
* Oro (dance), a Balkan circle dance
* Oro (eagle dance), an eagle dance from Montenegro and Herzegovina
* "Oro" (song), the Serbian entry in the 2008 Eurovision S ...
(Oron),
Okobo
, also referred to as , or (all onomatopoeic terms taken from the sound make when walking), are traditional Japanese wooden sandals worn by young girls for , young women during Coming of Age Day and apprentice geisha in some regions of Jap ...
,
Iko
Nikolski Air Station is an unattended airport located in Nikolski on Umnak Island in the Aleutians West Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska. This former military airport is now owned by The Aleut Corporation.
Scheduled commercial airline pa ...
,
Ebughu,
Ilue,
Enwang-Uda,
Usaghade
Additionally, ''Ethnologue'' lists several more languages within the Efik-Ibibio cluster. (See
Ibibio-Efik languages
Central Ibibio is the major dialect cluster of the Cross River branch of Benue–Congo. Efik proper has national status in Nigeria and is the literary standard of the Efik languages, though Ibibio proper has more native speakers.
Varieties
Ef ...
.)
Forde and Jones (1950) considered
Ibino and
Oro
Oro or ORO, meaning gold in Spanish and Italian, may refer to:
Music and dance
* Oro (dance), a Balkan circle dance
* Oro (eagle dance), an eagle dance from Montenegro and Herzegovina
* "Oro" (song), the Serbian entry in the 2008 Eurovision S ...
to be Efik-Ibibio.
Names and locations
Below is a list of language names, populations, and locations from Blench (2019).
Reconstructions
Proto-Lower Cross River has been reconstructed by Connell (n.d.)
[Connell, Bruce. n.d]
Comparative Lower Cross wordlist
See also
*
List of Proto-Lower Cross River reconstructions (Wiktionary)
References
Further reading
*Connell, Bruce. n.d
Comparative Lower Cross wordlist Unpublished manuscript.
{{Niger-Congo branches
Cross River languages