Jean Louis Tocqué (19 November 1696 – 10 February 1772) was a French painter. He specialized in portrait painting.

Biography

Jean Louis Tocqué was born on 19 November 1696 in

Paris Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...

. His father, who was also a painter, died in April 1710, before Louis was even fourteen. He was eventually brought into the care of another artist,

Jean-Marc Nattier Jean-Marc Nattier (17 March 1685 – 7 November 1766) was a French painter. He was born in Paris, the second son of Marc Nattier (1642–1705), a portrait painter, and of Marie Courtois (1655–1703), a miniaturist. He is noted for h ...

. Tocqué studied under Nattier,

Nicolas Bertin Nicolas Bertin (1667 in Paris – 1736) was a French painter. A student of Jean Jouvenet, Vernansal the elder and Louis Boullongne (1657–1733), Louis Boullongne, he won the prix de Rome in 1685 for ''"Construction of Noah's ark"''. He was admi ...

and

Hyacinthe Rigaud Jacint Rigau-Ros i Serra (; 18 July 1659 – 29 December 1743), known in French as Hyacinthe Rigaud (), was a Catalan-French baroque painter most famous for his portraits of Louis XIV and other members of the French nobility. Biography Rigaud ...

in the 1720s. He married Jean-Marc Nattier's daughter Marie Nattier in 1747. He died on 10 February 1772 in Paris.

Career

The first works of Tocqué were painted when he was an apprentice of Jean-Marc Nattier. Louis Tocqué was influenced by Hyacinthe Rigaud, who was also one of his tutors and

Nicolas de Largillierre Nicolas or Nicolás may refer to: People Given name * Nicolas (given name) Mononym * Nicolas (footballer, born 1999), Brazilian footballer * Nicolas (footballer, born 2000), Brazilian footballer Surname Nicolas * Dafydd Nicolas (c.1705–1774), ...

, another French painter. His first major work was the painting of the portrait of

Louis XV of France Louis XV (15 February 1710 – 10 May 1774), known as Louis the Beloved (french: le Bien-Aimé), was King of France from 1 September 1715 until his death in 1774. He succeeded his great-grandfather Louis XIV at the age of five. Until he reached ...

ordered by his great-grandfather

Louis XIV , house = Bourbon , father = Louis XIII , mother = Anne of Austria , birth_date = , birth_place = Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France , death_date = , death_place = Palace of Vers ...

King of France France was ruled by monarchs from the establishment of the Kingdom of West Francia in 843 until the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, with several interruptions. Classical French historiography usually regards Clovis I () as the first ...

. In 1740 he painted the portrait of

Marie Leszczyńska Maria Karolina Zofia Felicja Leszczyńska (; ; 23 June 1703 – 24 June 1768), also known as Marie Leczinska, was Queen of France as the wife of King Louis XV from their marriage on 4 September 1725 until her death in 1768. The daughter of Stanis ...

Queen of France This is a list of the women who were queens or empresses as wives of French monarchs from the 843 Treaty of Verdun, which gave rise to West Francia, until 1870, when the Third Republic was declared. Living wives of reigning monarchs technica ...

. From 1737 to 1759 more than fifty of the portraits he painted, were regularly part of the exhibitions of the

Salon Salon may refer to: Common meanings * Beauty salon, a venue for cosmetic treatments * French term for a drawing room, an architectural space in a home * Salon (gathering), a meeting for learning or enjoyment Arts and entertainment * Salon (P ...

, the official

art exhibition An art exhibition is traditionally the space in which art objects (in the most general sense) meet an audience. The exhibit is universally understood to be for some temporary period unless, as is rarely true, it is stated to be a "permanent exhib ...

of the

Académie des Beaux-Arts An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy, ...

. In 1745 he painted the portrait of

Infanta Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain ''Infante'' (, ; f. ''infanta''), also anglicised as Infant or translated as Prince, is the title and rank given in the Iberian kingdoms of Spain (including the predecessor kingdoms of Aragon, Castile, Navarre, and León) and Portugal to th ...

, one year before her death. In 1757 he went to the

Russian Empire The Russian Empire was an empire and the final period of the Russian monarchy from 1721 to 1917, ruling across large parts of Eurasia. It succeeded the Tsardom of Russia following the Treaty of Nystad, which ended the Great Northern War. ...

, where he stayed for two years after being invited by

Elizaveta Petrovna Elizabeth Petrovna (russian: Елизаве́та (Елисаве́та) Петро́вна) (), also known as Yelisaveta or Elizaveta, reigned as Empress of Russia from 1741 until her death in 1762. She remains one of the most popular Russian ...

Empress of Russia The emperor or empress of all the Russias or All Russia, ''Imperator Vserossiyskiy'', ''Imperatritsa Vserossiyskaya'' (often titled Tsar or Tsarina/Tsaritsa) was the monarch of the Russian Empire. The title originated in connection with Russia' ...

in order to create a ceremonial portrait of her. This portrait is today part of the permanent collection of the

Hermitage Museum The State Hermitage Museum ( rus, Государственный Эрмитаж, r=Gosudarstvennyj Ermitaž, p=ɡəsʊˈdarstvʲɪn(ː)ɨj ɪrmʲɪˈtaʂ, links=no) is a museum of art and culture in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It is the list of ...

Saint Petersburg Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...

in Russia. In the 1760s he traveled to Denmark and created the portraits of the Danish royal family and taught at the

Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts ( da, Det Kongelige Danske Kunstakademi - Billedkunst Skolerne) has provided education in the arts for more than 250 years, playing its part in the development of the art of Denmark. History The Royal Dani ...

Copenhagen Copenhagen ( or .; da, København ) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark, with a proper population of around 815.000 in the last quarter of 2022; and some 1.370,000 in the urban area; and the wider Copenhagen metropolitan ar ...

Gallery

File:Maria Leszczynska Frankreich.jpg, Louis Tocqué, 1740, Portrait of Marie Leszczyńska (1703–1768), Queen of France, oil on canvas, ,

The Louvre The Louvre ( ), or the Louvre Museum ( ), is the world's most-visited museum, and an historic landmark in Paris, France. It is the home of some of the best-known works of art, including the ''Mona Lisa'' and the ''Venus de Milo''. A central l ...

, Paris File:Louis Tocqué, 1736, Portrait of Frederik de Løvenørn.jpg, Louis Tocqué, 1736, Portrait of Frederik de Løvenørn (1715–1779), Museum of National History at Frederiksborg Castle, Denmark File:Mademoiselle de Coislin par Louis Tocqué.jpg, Louis Tocqué, between 1750 and 1759, probably Portrait of Mademoiselle de Coislin, oil on canvas, ,

National Gallery The National Gallery is an art museum in Trafalgar Square in the City of Westminster, in Central London, England. Founded in 1824, it houses a collection of over 2,300 paintings dating from the mid-13th century to 1900. The current Director o ...

, London File:Louis Philippe Joseph, Duc d'Orleans and Duc de Chartres by Louis Tocqué.jpg, Louis Tocqué, ''Portrait of Louis Philippe Joseph, Duc d'Orleans and Duc de Chartres'' (1747–1793), oil on canvas, File:Головкина Екатерина Ивановна.jpg, Louis Tocqué, 1757, ''Portrait of Ekaterina Golovkin'' (1733–1821), born Shuvalov,

, Saint Petersburg File:Elizabeth of Russia by Louis Tocque.jpeg, Louis Tocqué, 1758, ''Portrait of empress Elizabeth of Russia'' (1708–1762),

, Saint Petersburg File:Anna stroganova 2.jpg, Louis Tocqué, c.1758, ''Portrait of Anna Stroganova'' (1743–1769),

State Russian Museum The State Russian Museum (russian: Государственный Русский музей), formerly the Russian Museum of His Imperial Majesty Alexander III (russian: Русский Музей Императора Александра III), on ...

, Saint Petersburg File:Château de Versailles, appartements du Dauphin et de la Dauphine, première antichambre du Dauphin, Louis de France, Louis Tocqué 01.jpg, Louis Tocqué, c.1738, ''Portrait de Louis de France, Dauphin fils de Louis XV'', oil on canvas, 195 x 144 cm (76.8 c 56.7 in),

Palace of Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; french: Château de Versailles ) is a former royal residence built by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, Yvelines, Versailles, about west of Paris, France. The palace is owned by the French Republic and since 19 ...

File:Louis Tocqué, c.1745, Portrait of Frederik Berregaard.jpg, Louis Tocqué, c.1745, ''Portrait of Frederik Berregaard'', oil on canvas, ,

Statens Museum for Kunst The National Gallery of Denmark ( da, Statens Museum for Kunst, also known as "SMK", literally State Museum for Art) is the Danish national gallery, located in the centre of Copenhagen. The museum collects, registers, maintains, researches and han ...

File:María Teresa Rafaela of Spain.jpg, Louis Tocqué, 1745, ''Portrait of Maria Teresa of Spain'' (1726–1746) ''as the Dauphine of France'', oil on canvas, ,

File:Portrait du Marquis de Marigny.jpg, Louis Tocqué, c.1756, ''Portrait du Marquis de Marigny'' (1728–1781), oil on canvas,

File:Allegorical Portrait of Urania, Muse of Astronomy by Louis Tocqué.jpg, Follower of Louis Tocqué, ''Allegorical Portrait of Urania, Muse of Astronomy'', oil on canvas, 91 x 73,5 cm

Paintings

* Portrait of Louis, Dauphin of France, 1739 * Portrait of Arnoldus van Rijneveld, 1739 * Portrait of Isaac van Rijneveld, 1739 * Portrait of

Marie Leczinska Marie may refer to: People Name * Marie (given name) * Marie (Japanese given name) * Marie (murder victim), girl who was killed in Florida after being pushed in front of a moving vehicle in 1973 * Marie (died 1759), an enslaved Cree person in T ...

, 1740 * Portrait of

Carl Gustaf Tessin Count Carl Gustaf Tessin (5 September 1695 – 7 January 1770) was a Swedish Count and politician and son of architect Nicodemus Tessin the Younger and Hedvig Eleonora Stenbock. He was one of the most brilliant personages of his day, and the mo ...

, 1741 * Portrait of Jean Michel de Grilleau * Portrait of

, 1745 * Madame Dangé faisant des noeuds, 1753 * Portrait of Mademoiselle de Coislin * Portrait of Ivan Shuvalov * Portrait of Ekaterina Golovkina, 1757 * Portrait of

Empress Elizabeth Elizabeth Petrovna (russian: Елизаве́та (Елисаве́та) Петро́вна) (), also known as Yelisaveta or Elizaveta, reigned as Empress of Russia from 1741 until her death in 1762. She remains one of the most popular Russian ...

Petrovna, 1758

References

External links

Louis Tocqué, Musée du Louvre

Agence photographique de la réunion des Musées nationaux
{{DEFAULTSORT:Tocque, Louis 1696 births 1772 deaths 18th-century French painters French male painters Academic staff of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts 18th-century French male artists