![Louis-Marie Vicomte de Noailles Gilbert Stuart 1798](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ae/Louis-Marie_Vicomte_de_Noailles_Gilbert_Stuart_1798.jpeg)
Louis-Marie, vicomte de Noailles (17 April 1756
Paris
Paris () is the capital and most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), making it the 30th most densely populated city in the world in 2020. S ...
7 January 1804
Havana
Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center. ) was the second son of
Philippe, duc de Mouchy
Philippe de Noailles, comte de Noailles and later prince de Poix, duc de Mouchy, and duc de Poix ''à brevêt'' (27 December 1715 in Paris27 June 1794 in Paris), was a younger brother of Louis de Noailles, and a more distinguished soldier than his ...
, and a member of
Mouchy branch of the famous
Noailles family of the
French aristocracy
Aristocracy (, ) is a form of government that places strength in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class, the aristocracy (class), aristocrats. The term derives from the el, αριστοκρατία (), meaning 'rule of the best'.
At t ...
.
Career
He served under his brother-in-law the
Marquis de Lafayette
Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de La Fayette (6 September 1757 – 20 May 1834), known in the United States as Lafayette (, ), was a French aristocrat, freemason and military officer who fought in the American Revoluti ...
in America during the
American War for Independence
The American Revolutionary War (April 19, 1775 – September 3, 1783), also known as the Revolutionary War or American War of Independence, was a major war of the American Revolution. Widely considered as the war that secured the independence of t ...
, and was the officer who concluded the capitulation of
Yorktown in 1781.
He was elected to the
Estates-General in 1789. On 4 August 1789, during the
French Revolution
The French Revolution ( ) was a period of radical political and societal change in France that began with the Estates General of 1789 and ended with the formation of the French Consulate in November 1799. Many of its ideas are considere ...
, he began the famous "orgy" (as
Mirabeau
Mirabeau may refer to:
People and characters
* Mirabeau B. Lamar (1798–1859), second President of the Republic of Texas
French nobility
* Victor de Riqueti, marquis de Mirabeau (1715–1789), French physiocrat
* Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, com ...
called it) when
feudalism
Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was the combination of the legal, economic, military, cultural and political customs that flourished in medieval Europe between the 9th and 15th centuries. Broadly defined, it was a way of structur ...
was to be abolished, and the
Duc d'Aiguilion proposed the abolition of
titles
A title is one or more words used before or after a person's name, in certain contexts. It may signify either generation, an official position, or a professional or academic qualification. In some languages, titles may be inserted between the f ...
and
liveries in June 1790.
![Histoire maritime de la France depuis la Paix de Nimegue-Leon Guerin 20200510 125155](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ac/Histoire_maritime_de_la_France_depuis_la_Paix_de_Nimegue-Leon_Guerin_20200510_125155.jpg)
As the French Revolution progressed and became more dangerous for nobles, he emigrated to the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
and became a partner in
William Bingham
William Bingham (March 8, 1752February 7, 1804) was an American statesman from Philadelphia. He was a delegate for Pennsylvania to the Continental Congress from 1786 to 1788 and served in the United States Senate from 1795 to 1801. Bingham was o ...
's
Bank of North America
The Bank of North America was the first chartered bank in the United States, and served as the country's first ''de facto'' central bank. Chartered by the Congress of the Confederation on May 26, 1781, and opened in Philadelphia on January 7, 17 ...
in
Philadelphia
Philadelphia, often called Philly, is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the sixth-largest city in the U.S., the second-largest city in both the Northeast megalopolis and Mid-Atlantic regions after New York City. Sinc ...
. He was successful in the United States. He accepted a command against the
English in San Domingo, under
Rochambeau. He commanded a defence of the
Môle-Saint-Nicolas
Môle-Saint-Nicolas (; ht, Mòlsennikola or ) is a commune in the north-western coast of Haiti. It is the chief town of the Môle-Saint-Nicolas Arrondissement in the department of Nord-Ouest.
History
Christopher Columbus' first voyage to th ...
and escaped with the garrison to
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
, but ''en route'' there his ship was attacked by a British schooner. After a long engagement, he was severely wounded, and died of his wounds in
Havana
Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center. on 9 January 1804.
Louis Marie Antoine de Noailles was a member of the
Society of the Cincinnati
The Society of the Cincinnati is a fraternal, hereditary society founded in 1783 to commemorate the American Revolutionary War that saw the creation of the United States. Membership is largely restricted to descendants of military officers wh ...
from France.
Personal life
He married his cousin Anne Jeanne Baptiste Georgette Adrienne Pauline Louise Catherine Dominique de Noailles (1758–1794), daughter of
Jean Louis Paul François de Noailles, Duc de Noailles. They had four children:
* Adrienne Theodore Philippine de Noailles (1778–1781), who died young.
* Count Louis Joseph Alexis de Noailles (1783–1835), who married Cécile de Boisgelin (1797-1836), the only child of Marquis Bruno-Gabriel de Boisgelin and Cécile d'Harcourt-Beuvron.
* Viscount Alfred Louis Dominique Vincent de Paul de Noailles (1784–1812), who married Rosalie Charlotte Antoinette Léontine de Noailles (1797–1851), daughter of
Charles Arthur Tristan Languedoc de Noailles
Charles Arthur Tristan Languedoc de Noailles (1771-1834) was a French aristocrat and politician.
Biography
Early life
Charles Arthur Tristan Languedoc de Noailles was born on 14 February 1771 in Paris.Jean-Baptiste-Pierre-Jullien Courcelles, ''H ...
.
* Euphemia Cécile Marie Adelaide de Noailles (1790–1870), who married
Olivier de Saint-Georges de Vérac
Armand-Maximilien-François-Joseph-Olivier de Saint-Georges, viscount and marquis of Vérac, was French soldier and politician of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. He was born on August 1, 1768 in Paris and died on August 13, 1858 in his ch ...
, Marquis de Vérac (1768–1858), in 1811.
Noailles died in
Havana
Havana (; Spanish: ''La Habana'' ) is the capital and largest city of Cuba. The heart of the La Habana Province, Havana is the country's main port and commercial center. on 9 January 1804.
Descendants
Through his son Alfred, Viscount de Noailles, he was a grandfather of Anne Marie Cécile de Noailles (1812–1848), who married
Charles Philippe Henri de Noailles.
Through his daughter Euphemia, he was a grandfather of Marthe Augustine de Saint-Georges de Vérac, who married
Louis Marie Pantaleon Costa, Marquis de Beauregard (1806–1864) in 1834.
References
External links
Society of the CincinnatiAmerican Revolution Institute
Further reading
* François Furstenberg, ''When the United States Spoke French: Five Refugees Who Shaped a Nation.'' New York: Penguin, 2014.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Noailles, Louis-Marie, vicomte de
1756 births
1804 deaths
Nobility from Paris
French military leaders
Viscounts of Noailles
Names inscribed under the Arc de Triomphe