''Lopharia'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

fungi A fungus ( : fungi or funguses) is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms. These organisms are classified as a kingdom, separately from ...

in the family

Polyporaceae The Polyporaceae are a family of poroid fungi belonging to the Basidiomycota. The flesh of their fruit bodies varies from soft (as in the case of the dryad's saddle illustrated) to very tough. Most members of this family have their hymeniu ...

. The genus was

circumscribed In geometry, the circumscribed circle or circumcircle of a polygon is a circle that passes through all the vertices of the polygon. The center of this circle is called the circumcenter and its radius is called the circumradius. Not every polyg ...

Károly Kalchbrenner Károly Kalchbrenner (born 5 May 1807 in Pöttelsdorf, died 5 June 1886 in Spišské Vlachy) was a Hungarian mycologist. He trained in theology early in life and became a priest in Spišské Vlachy, north-eastern Slovakia. His contributions inc ...

and

Peter MacOwan Peter MacOwan (14 November 1830 in Hull, England – 30 November 1909 in Uitenhage, Cape Province) was a British colonial botanist and teacher in South Africa. Early life and education He was the son of Peter McOwan, a Wesleyan minister fro ...

in 1881.

Description

Fruit bodies The sporocarp (also known as fruiting body, fruit body or fruitbody) of fungi is a multicellular structure on which spore-producing structures, such as basidia or asci, are borne. The fruitbody is part of the sexual phase of a fungal life cyc ...

of ''Lopharia'' fungi are crust like, to effused-reflexed (like a crust with the edges curled out to form caps). The sterile portion of the crust surface is

tomentose Trichomes (); ) are fine outgrowths or appendages on plants, algae, lichens, and certain protists. They are of diverse structure and function. Examples are hairs, glandular hairs, scales, and papillae. A covering of any kind of hair on a plant ...

, while the spore-bearing surface (the

hymenium The hymenium is the tissue layer on the hymenophore of a fungal fruiting body where the cells develop into basidia or asci, which produce spores. In some species all of the cells of the hymenium develop into basidia or asci, while in others some ...

) is smooth or tuberculate. The colour ranges from greyish-white to cream to pale yellowish. ''Lopharia'' has a dimitic

hypha A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium. Structure A hypha consists of one or ...

l system, meaning that it contains both generative and skeletal hyphae. The generative hyphae have clamp connections. Basidia are club shaped with four sterigmata, and have a clamp at the base. Spores are cylindrical to ellipsoid in shape with a smooth surface. They are

hyaline A hyaline substance is one with a glassy appearance. The word is derived from el, ὑάλινος, translit=hyálinos, lit=transparent, and el, ὕαλος, translit=hýalos, lit=crystal, glass, label=none. Histopathology Hyaline cartilage is ...

(translucent), and have oily contents.

Species

A 2008 estimate placed 13 species in ''Lopharia''. , Index Fungorum accepts 15 species: *''

Lopharia albida ''Lopharia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Károly Kalchbrenner and Peter MacOwan in 1881. Description Fruit bodies of ''Lopharia'' fungi are crust like, to effused-reflexed (like a crust with th ...

'' Rick (1938) *''

Lopharia americana ''Lopharia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Károly Kalchbrenner and Peter MacOwan in 1881. Description Fruit bodies of ''Lopharia'' fungi are crust like, to effused-reflexed (like a crust with th ...

'' Rick (1928) *''

Lopharia amethystea ''Lopharia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Károly Kalchbrenner and Peter MacOwan in 1881. Description Fruit bodies of ''Lopharia'' fungi are crust like, to effused-reflexed (like a crust with th ...

'' (Hjortstam & Ryvarden) A.L.Welden (2010) *''

Lopharia bambusae ''Lopharia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Károly Kalchbrenner and Peter MacOwan in 1881. Description Fruit bodies of ''Lopharia'' fungi are crust like, to effused-reflexed (like a crust with th ...

'' Rick (1960) *''

Lopharia cinerascens ''Lopharia cinerascens'' is a species of crust fungus in the family Polyporaceae. It was first described by botanist Lewis David de Schweinitz in 1832 as ''Thelephora cinerascens''. Gordon Herriot Cunningham transferred it to ''Lopharia ''Lop ...

'' (Schwein.) G.Cunn. (1956) *''

Lopharia cystidiosa ''Lopharia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Károly Kalchbrenner and Peter MacOwan in 1881. Description Fruit bodies of ''Lopharia'' fungi are crust like, to effused-reflexed (like a crust with th ...

'' (Rehill & B.K.Bakshi) Boidin (1969) *''

Lopharia javanica ''Lopharia'' is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Károly Kalchbrenner and Peter MacOwan in 1881. Description Fruit bodies of ''Lopharia'' fungi are crust like, to effused-reflexed (like a crust with th ...

'' Henn. & E.Nyman (1900) *'' Lopharia lilacina'' (Berk. & Broome) A.L.Welden (2010) *'' Lopharia ochracea'' G.Cunn. (1963) *'' Lopharia papyracea'' (Bres.) D.A.Reid (1957) *'' Lopharia papyrina'' (Mont.) Boidin (1959) *'' Lopharia pilosiuscula'' (Hjortstam & Ryvarden) A.L.Welden (2010) *'' Lopharia pseudocinerascens'' Boidin & Gilles (2003) *'' Lopharia rimosissima'' Rick (1960) *'' Lopharia rugulosa'' (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Hjortstam (1995)

References

Polyporaceae Polyporales genera Taxa described in 1881 {{Polyporales-stub