''Lomatia'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of 12 species of

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the protea family

Proteaceae The Proteaceae form a family of flowering plants predominantly distributed in the Southern Hemisphere. The family comprises 83 genera with about 1,660 known species. Together with the Platanaceae and Nelumbonaceae, they make up the order Pro ...

. Within the family, they have been placed, alone, in their own subtribe, Lomatiinae according to Johnson & Briggs 1975 classification of the family and subsequently in ''Flora of Australia'' (1995). The genus has a

Pacific Rim The Pacific Rim comprises the lands around the rim of the Pacific Ocean. The ''Pacific Basin'' includes the Pacific Rim and the islands in the Pacific Ocean. The Pacific Rim roughly overlaps with the geologic Pacific Ring of Fire. List of co ...

distribution, with members native to eastern

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

and southern

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

, forming a part of the

Antarctic flora Antarctic flora are a distinct community of vascular plants which evolved millions of years ago on the supercontinent of Gondwana. Presently, species of Antarctica flora reside on several now separated areas of the Southern Hemisphere, includin ...

. The species range from prostrate

shrub A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees ...

s less than tall to small trees up to tall. Genetic analysis using microsatellite markers showed that species found close together geographically are most closely related to each other. ''Lomatia dentata'', then ''L. hirsuta'' and ''L. ferruginea'' all diverged successively from the lineage that gave rise to Australian species. The three Tasmanian species (with ''L. tasmanica'' sister to the other two species) are sister to the mainland Australian group. ''L. tasmanica'' of the three tasmania species, happens to be one of the most endangered species. On mainland Australia, the far northern ''L. fraxinifolia'' is sister to the other five species, all of which are found in southeastern Australia. ''L. fraseri'' and ''L. myricoides'' are sister taxa, with ''L. ilicifolia'' sister to them, while ''L. arborescens'' and ''L. silaifolia'' are each other's closest relatives. Strong genomic filters may facilitate continued gene flow between species without the danger of assimilation.

Species

*''

Lomatia arborescens ''Lomatia arborescens'', commonly known as smooth lomatia or tree lomatia, is a shrub or small tree that grows at high altitudes, in and near rainforests. It is found north from the Barrington Tops area in eastern Australia. Description ''Lomati ...

'' - eastern

*'' Lomatia dentata'' -

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

*''

Lomatia ferruginea ''Lomatia ferruginea'', commonly known as fuinque, is a small evergreen tree in the family Proteaceae. It is native to southern Argentina and Chile, the Patagonia region of South America. In Chile it grows from Curicó Province to Magallanes ...

'' - Chile, Argentina *''

Lomatia fraseri ''Lomatia fraseri'', commonly known as tree lomatia, forest lomatia or silky lomatia is a plant of the family Proteaceae native to eastern Australia. It grows as a shrub or small tree, reaching high, with highly variable leaves. The cream to whi ...

'' - eastern Australia *'' Lomatia milnerae'' -

Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_ ...

*''

Lomatia hirsuta Lomatia hirsuta, known as radal, is a tree native to Argentina, Chile, and Peru. In Chile it grows from Coquimbo to Chiloe (36 to 42°S). It grows on a variety of soils and humidity. It grows on poor soils near ravines. Description ''Lomatia ...

'' - Chile,

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

, Argentina *''

Lomatia ilicifolia ''Lomatia ilicifolia'', commonly known as holly lomatia or native holly, is a plant in the Family (biology), family Proteaceae and is Endemism, endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a stiff, erect shrub with hairy, rust-coloured new growth an ...

'' - eastern

*''

Lomatia myricoides ''Lomatia myricoides'' , commonly known as the river lomatia, is a shrub native to New South Wales and Victoria in southeastern Australia. Description ''Lomatia myricoides'' grows as a woody shrub or small tree, reaching high, or rarely up to ...

'' - southeastern Australia *''

Lomatia occidentalis ''Lomatia'' is a genus of 12 species of evergreen flowering plants in the protea family Proteaceae. Within the family, they have been placed, alone, in their own subtribe, Lomatiinae according to Johnson & Briggs 1975 classification of the fam ...

'' - (Eocene fossil records) Patagonia *''

Lomatia patagonica ''Lomatia'' is a genus of 12 species of evergreen flowering plants in the protea family Proteaceae. Within the family, they have been placed, alone, in their own subtribe, Lomatiinae according to Johnson & Briggs 1975 classification of the fam ...

'' - (Late Oligocene-Early Miocene (

Ñirihuau Formation Ñirihuau is a village and municipality in Río Negro Province in Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an are ...

) fossil records) Patagonia *''

Lomatia preferruginea ''Lomatia'' is a genus of 12 species of evergreen flowering plants in the protea family Proteaceae. Within the family, they have been placed, alone, in their own subtribe, Lomatiinae according to Johnson & Briggs 1975 classification of the fam ...

'' - (Middle Eocene fossil records (

Ventana Formation Ventana (Spanish for "window") can refer to: * Club Hotel de la Ventana, a hotel resort opened in 1911 in Argentina * Sierra de La Ventana, a small town in Tornquist Partido in Argentina * Ventana Cave, a National Historic Landmark in Arizona, U.S. ...

) Patagonia *''

Lomatia polymorpha ''Lomatia polymorpha'', commonly known as mountain guitar plant, is a shrub or small tree of the family Proteaceae which is endemic to Tasmania. It is a shrub or small tree with linear leaves, and white, cream-coloured or greenish flowers. It is ...

'' (mountain guitarplant)H. Wapstra, A. Wapstra, M. Wapstra, L. Gilfedde
''The Little Book of Common Names for Tasmanian Plants''
DPIPWE -

Tasmania ) , nickname = , image_map = Tasmania in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Tasmania in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdi ...

*''

Lomatia silaifolia ''Lomatia silaifolia'', commonly known as crinkle bush or parsley fern, is a plant of the family, Proteaceae native to eastern Australia. Naturally found in open forest, it grows as a small shrub 1–2 m high with highly pinnate leaves reminiscen ...

'' - eastern Australia *''

Lomatia tasmanica ''Lomatia tasmanica'', commonly known as King's lomatia, is a shrub of the family Proteaceae native to Tasmania. Growing up to tall, the plant has shiny green pinnate (lobed) leaves and bears red flowers in the summer, but yields neither fru ...

'' (King's lomatia) - Tasmania *'' Lomatia tinctoria'' (guitarplant) - Tasmania

References

* * *

External links

* Pictures o
''Lomatia dentata''
an

from ''Chilebosque''.

- Hoot/Proteaceae Proteaceae genera {{proteaceae-stub