''Lomatia'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nom ...

of 12 species of

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, whic ...

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants th ...

s in the protea family Proteaceae. Within the family, they have been placed, alone, in their own subtribe, Lomatiinae according to Johnson & Briggs 1975 classification of the family and subsequently in ''Flora of Australia'' (1995). The genus has a Pacific Rim distribution, with members native to eastern Australia and southern

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the sout ...

, forming a part of the

Antarctic flora Antarctic flora are a distinct community of vascular plants which evolved millions of years ago on the supercontinent of Gondwana. Presently, species of Antarctica flora reside on several now separated areas of the Southern Hemisphere, includin ...

. The species range from prostrate shrubs less than tall to small trees up to tall. Genetic analysis using microsatellite markers showed that species found close together geographically are most closely related to each other. ''Lomatia dentata'', then ''L. hirsuta'' and ''L. ferruginea'' all diverged successively from the lineage that gave rise to Australian species. The three Tasmanian species (with ''L. tasmanica'' sister to the other two species) are sister to the mainland Australian group. ''L. tasmanica'' of the three tasmania species, happens to be one of the most endangered species. On mainland Australia, the far northern ''L. fraxinifolia'' is sister to the other five species, all of which are found in southeastern Australia. ''L. fraseri'' and ''L. myricoides'' are sister taxa, with ''L. ilicifolia'' sister to them, while ''L. arborescens'' and ''L. silaifolia'' are each other's closest relatives. Strong genomic filters may facilitate continued gene flow between species without the danger of assimilation.

Species

*'' Lomatia arborescens'' - eastern Australia *'' Lomatia dentata'' -

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

*'' Lomatia ferruginea'' - Chile, Argentina *'' Lomatia fraseri'' - eastern Australia *'' Lomatia milnerae'' -

Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , establishe ...

*''

Lomatia hirsuta Lomatia hirsuta, known as radal, is a tree native to Argentina, Chile, and Peru. In Chile it grows from Coquimbo to Chiloe (36 to 42°S). It grows on a variety of soils and humidity. It grows on poor soils near ravines. Description ''Lomatia ...

'' - Chile,

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = National seal , national_motto = "Firm and Happy f ...

, Argentina *''

Lomatia ilicifolia ''Lomatia ilicifolia'', commonly known as holly lomatia or native holly, is a plant in the family Proteaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is a stiff, erect shrub with hairy, rust-coloured new growth and which recovers from fire f ...

'' - eastern Australia *'' Lomatia myricoides'' - southeastern Australia *'' Lomatia occidentalis'' - (Eocene fossil records) Patagonia *'' Lomatia patagonica'' - (Late Oligocene-Early Miocene ( Ñirihuau Formation) fossil records) Patagonia *'' Lomatia preferruginea'' - (Middle Eocene fossil records (

Ventana Formation Ventana (Spanish for "window") can refer to: * Club Hotel de la Ventana, a hotel resort opened in 1911 in Argentina * Sierra de La Ventana, a small town in Tornquist Partido in Argentina * Ventana Cave, a National Historic Landmark in Arizona, U. ...

) Patagonia *'' Lomatia polymorpha'' (mountain guitarplant)H. Wapstra, A. Wapstra, M. Wapstra, L. Gilfedde
''The Little Book of Common Names for Tasmanian Plants''
DPIPWE -

Tasmania ) , nickname = , image_map = Tasmania in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Tasmania in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdi ...

*'' Lomatia silaifolia'' - eastern Australia *'' Lomatia tasmanica'' (King's lomatia) - Tasmania *'' Lomatia tinctoria'' (guitarplant) - Tasmania

References

* * *

External links

* Pictures o
''Lomatia dentata''
an

from ''Chilebosque''.

- Hoot/Proteaceae Proteaceae genera {{proteaceae-stub