Loikaw (, ) is the capital of
Kayah State
Kayah State ( my, ကယားပြည်နယ်, formerly Karenni State) is a state of Myanmar. Situated in eastern Myanmar, it is bounded on the north by Shan State, on the east by Thailand's Mae Hong Son Province, and on the south and we ...
in
Myanmar
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...
. It is located in the
Karen Hills
The Karen Hills, () also known as Kayah-Karen Mountains, are one of the main hill ranges in eastern Burma. They are located at the SW corner of Shan State and in Kayah State, a mountainous region where the only relatively flat area is Loikaw, t ...
area, near the State's northern tip, just above an embayment on the
Pilu River
This is a list of rivers in Myanmar (also known as Burma).
This list is arranged by drainage basin from east to west, with respective tributaries indented under each larger stream's name.
Indian Ocean
* Nāf River
* Kaladan River
* Lemro Riv ...
. The inhabitants are mostly
Kayah (
Karenni
Karenni may refer to:
* Karenni people
* Karenni language
* Karenni State, former name of Kayah State, Myanmar
* Karenni States
The Karenni States, also known as Red Karen States, was the name formerly given to the states inhabited mainly by ...
). Myanmar's largest
hydropower
Hydropower (from el, ὕδωρ, "water"), also known as water power, is the use of falling or fast-running water to produce electricity or to power machines. This is achieved by converting the gravitational potential or kinetic energy of a w ...
plant built (by the Japanese as
war reparation
War reparations are compensation payments made after a war by one side to the other. They are intended to cover damage or injury inflicted during a war.
History
Making one party pay a war indemnity is a common practice with a long history.
R ...
) is located about east of Loikaw at
Lawpita Falls.
The town of Loikaw comprises 13
urban wards, namely Naungya, Daw-ukhu, Mainglon, Mingala, Dhammayon, Zaypaing, Shwetaung, Landama, Dawtanma, Dawnoeku, Shansu, and Minsu wards.
History
left, 345px, Landscape of Loikaw in 1922. The bridges look flimsy, but were so substantial that elephants walked over them.
Loikaw was the Headquarters of the Political Officer in Charge of the
Karenni States, part of the
Princely States
A princely state (also called native state or Indian state) was a nominally sovereign entity of the British Indian Empire that was not directly governed by the British, but rather by an Indian ruler under a form of indirect rule, subject to ...
of British Burma, in 1922 during
British rule in Burma. The town was located in the only flat part of the Karenni area. In 1892 it numbered four huts. As an
Agent of the British government he was exercising control over the local Karenni Rulers, being supervised by the Superintendent at
Taunggyi
Taunggyi ( ; Shan: ; Pa'O: ) is the capital and largest city of Shan State, Myanmar (Burma) and lies on the Thazi-Kyaingtong road at an elevation of , just north of Shwenyaung and Inle Lake within the Myelat region. Taunggyi is the fifth la ...
.
[Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 15, p. 36.](_blank)
/ref> The headquarters of the American Baptist Mission to Hill Karens was also located in Loikaw.
As with the rest of Kayah State, outsider access to Loikaw has been restricted post-independence, with special permits required to secure entry. Since the 2021 coup, Loikaw has been the scene of intense fighting between the Burmese military and ethnic armed groups opposed to military control, forcing many of the city's residents to flee.
Demographics
2014
The 2014 Myanmar Census
Fourteen or 14 may refer to:
* 14 (number), the natural number following 13 and preceding 15
* one of the years 14 BC, AD 14, 1914, 2014
Music
* 14th (band), a British electronic music duo
* ''14'' (David Garrett album), 2013
*''14'', an unre ...
reported that Loikaw had a population of 51,349, constituting 40.0% of Loikaw Township
Loikaw Township ( my, လွိုင်ကော်မြို့နယ်) is a township of Loikaw District in the eastern part of Kayah State in Myanmar. The principal town lies at Loikaw.
Demographics 2014
The 2014 Myanmar Census reporte ...
's total population.
Climate
Loikaw has a tropical savanna climate
Tropical savanna climate or tropical wet and dry climate is a tropical climate sub-type that corresponds to the Köppen climate classification categories ''Aw'' (for a dry winter) and ''As'' (for a dry summer). The driest month has less than of p ...
(Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:
* Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer
* Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan
* Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...
''Aw'') bordering on a humid subtropical climate (''Cwa'').
Transport
Air
Loikaw
Loikaw (, ) is the capital of Kayah State in Myanmar. It is located in the Karen Hills area, near the State's northern tip, just above an embayment on the Pilu River. The inhabitants are mostly Kayah (Karenni). Myanmar's largest hydropower p ...
is linked to Yangon
Yangon ( my, ရန်ကုန်; ; ), formerly spelled as Rangoon, is the capital of the Yangon Region and the largest city of Myanmar (also known as Burma). Yangon served as the capital of Myanmar until 2006, when the military government ...
and Mandalay by air.
Rail
Loikaw is linked by the newly constructed Aungpan-Pinlaung
Pinlaung is a town above sea level and seat of Pinlaung Township, in the Pa-O Self-Administered Zone of Shan State of eastern-central Burma. It lies along National Road 54, north-west by road from Loikaw. Running through the city center is a rai ...
-Loikaw rail line.
Buses
There are express buses from loikaw to Yangon, Mandalay and other towns.
Education
The town is home to Loikaw University, Technological University, Loikaw, Computer University, Loikaw
Computer University, Loikaw is a university in Loikaw, Kayah State, Burma
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some Briti ...
. Loikaw Education College
Health care
Loikaw General Hospital serves not only locals in the state but also to those in the southern part of neighbouring Shan State
Shan State ( my, ရှမ်းပြည်နယ်, ; shn, မိူင်းတႆး, italics=no) also known by the endonyms Shanland, Muang Tai, and Tailong, is a state of Myanmar. Shan State borders China (Yunnan) to the north, Laos ( ...
. The existing buildings of the hospital were built in 1964. Due to increase demands, new two two-storey buildings were constructed with the 1.945 billion yen funding from Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).
See also
* Loikaw Airport
Loikaw Airport is an airport in Loikaw, Myanmar
Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronoun ...
* Kayah State Cultural Museum
* Lawpita Hydropower Plants
References
External links
*
{{Authority control
Township capitals of Myanmar
Populated places in Kayah State