The Logon or Logone River is a major
tributary
A tributary, or affluent, is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake. A tributary does not flow directly into a sea or ocean. Tributaries and the main stem river drain the surrounding drainage ...
of the
Chari River
The Chari River, or Shari River, is a long river, flowing in Central Africa. It is Lake Chad's main source of water.
Geography
The Chari River flows from the Central African Republic through Chad into Lake Chad, following the Cameroon border f ...
. The Logone's sources are located in the western
Central African Republic
The Central African Republic (CAR; ; , RCA; , or , ) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the southeast, the DR Congo to the south, the Republic of th ...
, northern
Cameroon
Cameroon (; french: Cameroun, ff, Kamerun), officially the Republic of Cameroon (french: République du Cameroun, links=no), is a country in west-central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the C ...
, and southern
Chad
Chad (; ar, تشاد , ; french: Tchad, ), officially the Republic of Chad, '; ) is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic ...
. It has two major tributaries: the
Pendé River
The Pendé River (french: Rivière Pendé) is a river in central Africa. It arises in Ouham-Pendé in the Central African Republic and flows north, forming a short part of the international boundary between the Central African Republic and Chad. ...
(Eastern Logone) in the prefecture
Ouham-Pendé
Ouham-Pendé is one of the 16 prefectures of the Central African Republic. Its capital is Bozoum. The region contains several ghost towns such as Goroumo, Beogombo Deux and Paoua due to government forces ransacking them and armed bandits killing ...
in the Central African Republic and the
Mbéré River (Western Logone) at the east of
Cameroon
Cameroon (; french: Cameroun, ff, Kamerun), officially the Republic of Cameroon (french: République du Cameroun, links=no), is a country in west-central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the C ...
. Many
swamp
A swamp is a forested wetland.Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p. Swamps are considered to be transition zones because both land and water play a role in ...
s and wetlands surround the river.
Settlements on the river include
Kousseri,
Cameroon
Cameroon (; french: Cameroun, ff, Kamerun), officially the Republic of Cameroon (french: République du Cameroun, links=no), is a country in west-central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the C ...
's northernmost city, and Chad's capital city,
N'Djaména
N'Djamena ( ) is the capital city, capital and largest city of Chad. It is also a Regions of Chad, special statute region, divided into 10 districts or ''arrondissements''.
The city serves as the centre of economic activity in Chad. Meat, fish a ...
, which is located at the spot where the Logone empties into the
Chari River
The Chari River, or Shari River, is a long river, flowing in Central Africa. It is Lake Chad's main source of water.
Geography
The Chari River flows from the Central African Republic through Chad into Lake Chad, following the Cameroon border f ...
.
The Logone forms part of the international border between Chad and Cameroon.
Hydrometry
The flow of the river has been observed over 38 years (1951–84) in
Bongor
Bongor ( ar, بونقور) is a city in Chad, the capital of the region of Mayo-Kebbi Est. It is located on the eastern bank of the Logone River. During the rainy season (May–September), the Logone is navigable between Bongor and N'Djamena, Cha ...
a town in Chad downstream of the union with the Pendé about above the mouth into the Chari. The Bongor observed average annual flow during this period was fed by an area of about approximately 94.5% of the total catchment area of the River. Due to the strong evaporation, the amount of water flowing into the estuary decreases. In N'Djamena, the flow reduces to .
Population
In the eastern lower Logone valley formed out of the
Kotoko population several historic sultanates (
Kousseri,
Logone-Birni
Logone-Birni is a town and commune in Cameroon. The town lies on the left (west) bank of the Logone River which at this point forms the state boundary between Cameroon and Chad. It is the capital of the Kotoko people, whose two other principal c ...
,
Makari-Goulfey and others) which were vassals of the
Bornu or
Baguirmi inside the borders of modern-day Cameroon.
History
In Chad, the administrative regions
Logone Oriental and
Logone Occidental named after the river.
Ober-Logone {{Expand German, Ober-Logone, topic=history, date=September 2010
Ober-Logone was located in the Neukamerun administrative district of the German colony of Kamerun. In the modern day, its territory belongs mainly to the Republic of Chad.
The area w ...
was an administrative district of the German colony of Cameroon.
September 2013 dam failure and flood
On the night of September 17 to September 18, 2013, heavy rains caused a
rupture of the dam along the Logone River at the town of Dougui,
Kai Kai District in the
Far North Region of Cameroon. This caused initial evacuations of people to the banks of the dam. On September 27, a second rupture in the dam from the first rupture started flooding the area and nearly 9,000 people were displaced.
File:Le fleuve logone.jpg, Logone River
File:Mototaxi.jpg, Mototaxi
File:Transport en pirogue.jpg, Canoe
File:Bloc de pierres sur la rive de Zébé Marao Cameroun.jpg, Stone block on the banks of the Zébé Marao Cameroon
File:Pirogue vers la rive opposée à Zébé Marao Cameroun.jpg, Piroge towards the shore opposite Zébé Marao Cameroon
File:Pêcheurs à Zébé Marao Cameroun.jpg, Fishing in Zébé Marao
References
{{Authority control
Rivers of Cameroon
Rivers of Chad
Ramsar sites in Chad
Chari River
International rivers of Africa
Lake Chad
Lake Fianga
Cameroon–Chad border
Dam failures