Lodha people are one of
Schedule Tribes
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
and
PVTGs of India, primarily living in
West Bengal
West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...
and
Odisha
Odisha (English: , ), formerly Orissa ( the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It is the 8th largest state by area, and the 11th largest by population. The state has the third largest population of ...
. Lodhas of West Bengal mostly live the
Paschim Medinipur
Paschim Medinipur district or West Midnapore district (also known as Midnapore West) is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal, India. It was formed on 1 January 2002 after the Partition of Midnapore into Paschim Medinipur and Purba M ...
and
Jhargham districts. A section of the Lodha has converted to
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...
, and formed a distinct community called the
Lodha Muslims.
Demographics
As per 2001 census, Lodhas numbered 84,966 and formed 1.9 per cent of the
scheduled tribe
The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are officially designated groups of people and among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. The terms are recognized in the Constitution of India and the groups are designa ...
population of West Bengal. They had a literacy rate of 34.8 per cent. As per the 2011 census, Lodhas now have a population of ~100,000 in West Bengal and almost 10,000 in Odisha.
They are found in Suliapada and Morada blocks of Baripada sub-division of Mayurbhanj district of Orissa.
Focus
Lodha means piece of flesh named after their ancestor. Lodhas have been in the focus of anthropologists and social activists. During the early period of their rule, the British government in India oppressed the tribal people of
Jungle Mahals
Jungle Mahals, ( jungle estates) was a district formed by British possessions and some independent chiefdoms lying between Birbhum, Bankura, Midnapore and the hilly country of Chota Nagpur in what is now the Indian state of West Bengal.O’Malle ...
, who were traditionally dependent upon the forests for a living. They had revolted but were ruthlessly suppressed. Having been deprived of their livelihood and without any alternatives, they took to criminal ways of life and were subsequently branded a criminal tribe. They should properly be labelled as uprooted rebels. Lodha titles are Nayek, Mallick, Digar, Sardar, Bhokta, Kotal, Dandapat, Bhunya etc. These titles were also used by the
Sabars. One of the most important research on the Lodhas was done by a Calcutta University faculty, Professor
Prabodh Kumar Bhowmick
Prabodh Kumar Bhowmick is an Indian anthropologist based on West Bengal. His notable work on the Lodha tribe of West Bengal.
References
Indian anthropologists
1926 births
2003 deaths
{{India-academic-bio-stub ...
.
Much later, researchers from the Department of Anthropology at Vidyasagar University have done empirical studies on the development scenario of the Lodha tribe in Mendinpur district
who were by that time declared as a 'Primitive Tribal Group' (PTG) by the Government of India.
See also
*
Chuni Kotal
Chuni Kotal was a Dalit Adivasi of Lodha Shabar tribe, a Scheduled Tribes of India, who in 1985 became the first woman graduate among the Lodha Shabars.
Her death through suicide on 16 August 1992, after years of harassment by officials, united ...
References
Further reading
*
{{Scheduled tribes of West Bengal
Ethnic groups in India
Indigenous peoples of South Asia
Scheduled Tribes of Odisha
Scheduled Tribes of West Bengal
Scheduled Tribes of Bihar
Scheduled Tribes of Jharkhand