Liulin-type is a class of spectrometry-

dosimetry Radiation dosimetry in the fields of health physics and radiation protection is the measurement, calculation and assessment of the ionizing radiation dose absorbed by an object, usually the human body. This applies both internally, due to ingested o ...

instruments.

History

The first Liulin device was developed in 1986–1988 time period for the scientific program of the second Bulgarian cosmonaut for the flight on

MIR space station ''Mir'' (russian: Мир, ; ) was a space station that operated in low Earth orbit from 1986 to 2001, operated by the Soviet Union and later by Russia. ''Mir'' was the first modular space station and was assembled in orbit from 1986 to&n ...

. All Liulin type dosimetric instruments use one or more silicon detectors and measure the deposited energy and number of particles into the detector(s) when

charged particles In physics, a charged particle is a particle with an electric charge. It may be an ion, such as a molecule or atom with a surplus or deficit of electrons relative to protons. It can also be an electron or a proton, or another elementary particle, ...

hit the device, that allowing it to calculate the

dose rate A dose rate is quantity of radiation absorbed or delivered per unit time. It is often indicated in micrograys per hour (µGy/h) or as an equivalent dose rate ḢT in rems per hour (rem/hr) or sievert The sievert (symbol: SvNot be confused wit ...

and particle flux. The measurements in the LIULIN instrument were based on a single silicon detector followed by a charge-sensitive shaping

amplifier An amplifier, electronic amplifier or (informally) amp is an electronic device that can increase the magnitude of a signal (a time-varying voltage or current). It may increase the power significantly, or its main effect may be to boost the v ...

(CSA). The number of the pulses at the output of CSA above a given threshold was proportional to the particle flux hitting the detector; the

amplitude The amplitude of a periodic variable is a measure of its change in a single period (such as time or spatial period). The amplitude of a non-periodic signal is its magnitude compared with a reference value. There are various definitions of amplit ...

of the pulses at the output of CSA was proportional to the particles deposited energy. Further the

integral In mathematics Mathematics is an area of knowledge that includes the topics of numbers, formulas and related structures, shapes and the spaces in which they are contained, and quantities and their changes. These topics are represented i ...

of the energy depositions of the particles accumulated in the detector during the measurement interval allowed calculation of the dose rate.

References

{{reflist Scientific instruments Space program of Bulgaria Interkosmos program