Little Mexico is a former neighborhood in
Dallas
Dallas () is the List of municipalities in Texas, third largest city in Texas and the largest city in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex, the List of metropolitan statistical areas, fourth-largest metropolitan area in the United States at 7.5 ...
,
Texas
Texas (, ; Spanish language, Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central United States, South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2 ...
, encompassing the area bordered by Maple Avenue, McKinney Avenue and the MKT (Missouri, Kansas, Texas) Railroad. Formerly a
Polish
Polish may refer to:
* Anything from or related to Poland, a country in Europe
* Polish language
* Poles, people from Poland or of Polish descent
* Polish chicken
*Polish brothers (Mark Polish and Michael Polish, born 1970), American twin screenwr ...
Jewish
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
neighborhood,
it was settled by a wave of Mexican immigrants beginning about 1910, and was recognized as ''Little Mexico'' by 1919, becoming a center of a Mexican-American community life in the city that lasted into the early 1980s, with a peak of population in the 1960s. Pike Park and a few structures are the remnants of the historic neighborhood, redeveloped as Uptown, including the Arts and West End Districts.
Origins
Established as an area of
Polish Jewish
The history of the Jews in Poland dates back at least 1,000 years. For centuries, Poland was home to the largest and most significant Ashkenazi Jewish community in the world. Poland was a principal center of Jewish culture, because of the lon ...
immigrants, who arrived beginning in the late 19th century, the neighborhood began to attract
Mexican
Mexican may refer to:
Mexico and its culture
*Being related to, from, or connected to the country of Mexico, in North America
** People
*** Mexicans, inhabitants of the country Mexico and their descendants
*** Mexica, ancient indigenous people ...
immigrants, who arrived after the defeat of
President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
*President (education), a leader of a college or university
*President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
Porfirio Diaz Porfirio is a given name in Spanish, derived from the Greek Porphyry (''porphyrios'' "purple-clad").
It can refer to:
* Porfirio Salinas – Mexican-American artist
* Porfirio Armando Betancourt – Honduran football player
* Porfirio Barba-Jac ...
and his government and the start of the
Mexican Revolution
The Mexican Revolution ( es, Revolución Mexicana) was an extended sequence of armed regional conflicts in Mexico from approximately 1910 to 1920. It has been called "the defining event of modern Mexican history". It resulted in the destruction ...
(1910–1921). Mexicans immigrants from all walks of life came to the Dallas area to take jobs in
factories
A factory, manufacturing plant or a production plant is an industrial facility, often a complex consisting of several buildings filled with machinery, where workers manufacture items or operate machines which process each item into another. T ...
,
agriculture
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to ...
, and particularly the
railroads
Rail transport (also known as train transport) is a means of transport that transfers passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, which are incorporated in Track (rail transport), tracks. In contrast to road transport, where the ...
, which significantly expanded in Dallas after 1900 and provided work opportunities for immigrants. In a process of
ethnic succession
Ethnic succession theory is a theory in sociology stating that ethnic and racial groups entering a new area may settle in older neighborhoods or urban areas until achieving economic parity with certain economic classes. The concept of succession i ...
, as the former mostly Jewish population moved out, Mexicans replaced them. The area between Lamar and Akard streets and Ross and McKinney Avenue had low-cost housing and stricter laws regarding legalized vices, making the area less desirable for local Dallas residents but more obtainable for recent immigrants. They had a continuing immigration and increased in population. By 1919, the area was known as "Little Mexico." A ''
Dallas Morning News
''The Dallas Morning News'' is a daily newspaper serving the Dallas–Fort Worth area of Texas, with an average print circulation of 65,369. It was founded on October 1, 1885 by Alfred Horatio Belo as a satellite publication of the ''Galvesto ...
'' article defined the area as "
e entire district bounded by Cochran and Payne streets and the Missouri, Kansas & Texas tracks and taking in the vast districts on lower Ross and McKinney avenues."
[No author. "To make sanitation drive in 'Little Mexico'," ''The Dallas Morning News'', 15 August 1919, page 17.]
Living conditions
Housing became scarce in this area in the 1920s and 1930s as more Mexicans poured into Little Mexico. Railroad workers were allowed to set up house in abandoned railroad cars, and houses were built on all available land. Yards and play areas were luxuries which the new residents could not afford. Many houses were quickly built with scrap wood and tar paper, and the city left the streets unpaved. The Dallas County Relief Board prepared the "Blighted Area Survey of Dallas" in 1935, and showed that the neighborhood only had access to cold water, and that 3/4 of the population of Little Mexico lived without indoor plumbing, private baths, or gas. These issues were exacerbated by the fact that 95% of those living in Little Mexico were renters, and financially unable to improve their living conditions. According to the 1940s
United States Census, 50% of homes lacked running water, and 65% burned wood, kerosene and gasoline for heat.
The families did not have access to medical care, and poor conditions led to a high mortality rate. Children did not get the vaccines available at the time. Families relied on home remedies and old folk customs, some of which worked.
Francisco Pancho Medrano (1920–2002) tells of cutting his foot as a boy and his mother sending others for cobwebs from under the house to help stop the bleeding. As years passed and Dallas expanded, it extended paved roads and infrastructure to Little Mexico. However, it continued to be a low-income area as the housing was substandard. People who improved their lot tended to move out. In the 1950s redevelopment began to occur and older houses were torn down and replaced.
Education
In the 1940s U.S. Census of the 2,284 residents of Little Mexico, 77% had no more than six years of education. The city excluded Hispanic children from white schools. The children of Little Mexico attended Benito Juarez, Travis, Cumberland Hills and Crozier Technical High School in the
Dallas Independent School District
The Dallas Independent School District (Dallas ISD or DISD) is a school district based in Dallas, Texas (USA). It operates schools in much of Dallas County and is the second-largest school district in Texas and the seventeenth-largest in the U ...
, as well as St. Ann’s School, run by the
Catholic Diocese
As of October 5, 2021, the Catholic Church in its entirety comprises 3,171 ecclesiastical jurisdictions, including over 652 Diocese#Archdiocese, archdioceses and 2,248 dioceses, as well as apostolic vicariates, apostolic exarchates, apostolic ad ...
. Both Travis and Cumberland Hills were built in the 1890s and were not well-maintained, as the city tended to underfund minority schools. By the 1950s, it had 95%–100% Mexican-American students. In April 1955, Travis Elementary burned to the ground, and all students were transferred to Cumberland Hills, also in poor condition. Mrs.
Woodall Rodgers
James Woodall Rodgers (May 11, 1890 – July 6, 1961) was an American attorney, businessman, and mayor of Dallas, Texas.
Rogers was born in New Market, Alabama. He received his B.A. degree from Vanderbilt University in 1912 and his LL.B. fro ...
, wife of the former Dallas mayor, learned about the conditions and reported it in a newspaper article exposing the conditions. In 1958 a new Travis Elementary was built with the latest amenities available at the time, including a gym. As most Mexican Americans were Catholic, many parents sent their children to St. Ann’s, where the Church kept tuition was low for the working-class neighborhood. Though most girls were kept out of school, St. Ann’s opened a commercial school for girls in 1946.
Pike Park
Pike Park is considered the heart of Little Mexico.
It is almost the only remaining element of the historic neighborhood and was designated a Dallas Historic Landmark in 1981. It opened in 1912 as Summit Play Park and renamed Pike Park in July 1927, after the late charter member of the park board Edgar L. Pike. It was the site of the first ''
Dieciséis de Septiembre'' festivities in Dallas in September 1926, and grew to be the cultural and holiday celebration center of the neighborhood. The park was racially segregated for normal use: metal rails were built to keep Mexican-American and African-American children from playing in the park.
The Mexican Consul worked with the city of Dallas to arrange for limited access to the Pike Park swimming pool. Mexican-American children were only allowed to swim in the morning, and the pool would be emptied by staff and cleaned by Mexican-American and African-American children so that new water could be put in for white children.
In 1931 the City of Dallas enacted an ordinance that enforced joint use of the park. In 1978 it was thoroughly renovated in a $400,000 project by the City of Dallas Parks and Recreation Department. A gazebo, styled similarly to one in
Monterrey, Mexico
Monterrey ( , ) is the capital and largest city of the northeastern state of Nuevo León, Mexico, and the third largest city in Mexico behind Guadalajara and Mexico City. Located at the foothills of the Sierra Madre Oriental, the city is anchor ...
, was added, as was a Mexican-style tiled roof and
stucco
Stucco or render is a construction material made of aggregates, a binder, and water. Stucco is applied wet and hardens to a very dense solid. It is used as a decorative coating for walls and ceilings, exterior walls, and as a sculptural and a ...
façade
A façade () (also written facade) is generally the front part or exterior of a building. It is a Loanword, loan word from the French language, French (), which means 'frontage' or 'face'.
In architecture, the façade of a building is often t ...
to the park building. In 1985 a reunion of former residents and descendants of Little Mexico was held, and more than 1,000 persons attended. Today its legacy is continued by the Pike Park Preservation League.
The park has been used as a rallying place for
Mexican Americans
Mexican Americans ( es, mexicano-estadounidenses, , or ) are Americans of full or partial Mexican heritage. In 2019, Mexican Americans comprised 11.3% of the US population and 61.5% of all Hispanic and Latino Americans. In 2019, 71% of Mexica ...
to gather in various
civil rights
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and political life of ...
demonstrations. On July 24, 1973 at 3:00 am,
Dallas Police
The Dallas Police Department, established in 1881, is the principal law enforcement agency serving the city of Dallas, Texas.
Organization
The department is headed by a chief of police who is appointed by the city manager who, in turn, is hir ...
knocked on the door of David and Santos Rodriguez. The 13-year-old and 12-year-old were wanted for questioning related to the burglary of $8 from a soda machine. While Officer Darrell Cain and his partner questioned the brothers in the back of their police car, Cain put his .357 caliber revolver up to Santos’ head and fired, killing the 12-year-old. Three days later, activists marched from Pike Park in protest of Officer Cain’s having been given $3,000 bail. Officer Cain was later sentenced to 5 years in jail by an
all-white jury
Racial discrimination in jury selection is specifically prohibited by law in many jurisdictions throughout the world. In the United States, it has been defined through a series of judicial decisions. However, juries composed solely of one racial ...
in
Austin
Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of Texas, as well as the seat and largest city of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties. Incorporated on December 27, 1839, it is the 11th-most-populous city ...
. He said that he thought the
revolver
A revolver (also called a wheel gun) is a repeating handgun that has at least one barrel and uses a revolving cylinder containing multiple chambers (each holding a single cartridge) for firing. Because most revolver models hold up to six roun ...
was empty.
Discrimination
Immigrants from Mexico included soldiers, business men and poor peasants. Middle-class immigrants suffered culture shock as they were suddenly qualified for only low-paying jobs and suffered social discrimination. Before the
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 () is a landmark civil rights and United States labor law, labor law in the United States that outlaws discrimination based on Race (human categorization), race, Person of color, color, religion, sex, and nationa ...
and
Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Voting Rights Act of 1965 is a landmark piece of federal legislation in the United States that prohibits racial discrimination in voting. It was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson during the height of the civil rights movement ...
, Dallas, like most of the South, was racially segregated, and state law disfranchised most minorities. Blacks and whites attended different schools; blacks could not eat at lunch counters in retail stores or white-only restaurants, or use dressing rooms in stores that solicited their business; they were restricted to the backs of buses.
While not legally segregated, Mexican Americans suffered considerable discrimination, and were suppressed as second-class citizens.
Woolworth's
Woolworth, Woolworth's, or Woolworths may refer to:
Businesses
* F. W. Woolworth Company, the original US-based chain of "five and dime" (5¢ and 10¢) stores
* Woolworths Group (United Kingdom), former operator of the Woolworths chain of shops ...
and other noted retail stores had their clerks tell Mexican Americans they were not welcome when they entered. The local park (Pike Park) was not open to Mexicans until 1931. Francisco Pancho Medrano (1920–2002) remembers as a child being allowed to swim in its pool only early in the day. It was cold then, and it was before the pool was drained from the previous day and refilled with fresh water, reserved for White swimmers. High school students from Little Mexico were “highly encouraged” to attend Crozier Technical High School, nicknamed “Taco Tech,” rather than pursue academic studies. Pauline Castillo Lozano (1903–2000) recalled moving out of Little Mexico in the 1940s. She let her new neighbors in a predominantly White neighborhood assume she was the maid for her lighter-skinned husband and adopted white daughter.
Businesses
The earliest businesses developed in Little Mexico were groceries, and were followed by bakeries, barber shops, shoe shops, and bookstores. The Greater Dallas Hispanic Chamber of Commerce was originally established in this neighborhood in 1939 with the purpose of developing, promoting, and creating local businesses. Businesses that developed in Little Mexico have become staples of Dallas, such as El Fenix, Luna’s Tortilla Factory, and
Dallas Tortilla Factory.
Miguel 'Mike' Martinez Sr., immigrated to Dallas from Hacienda del Portero,
Nuevo Leon Nuevo is the Spanish word for "new". It may refer to:
* Nuevo, California, a town in the state of California
* Nuevo (band), featuring singer and musician Peter Godwin
* Nuevo (Bayamón), a settlement in Puerto Rico
* "Nuevo", Spanish-language vers ...
, Mexico in 1911. He worked as a railroad laborer and later a dishwasher at the Oriental Hotel in Dallas, which was located at the corner of Commerce and Akard streets. According to family lore, he became a temporary chef at the Oriental Hotel when the hotel chef was called away on an emergency, and was such a good cook that he was fired from working at the hotel in order to protect the original chef's job.
He established his restaurant, the Martinez Cafe, on Griffin St. and McKinney Ave., changing the name to El Fenix in 1918.
The restaurant holds the claim to the first Mexican plate served in restaurants: Mr. Martinez served different dishes of food on one plate in order to save on dish washing, creating a new restaurant tradition.
In the 1950s and 1960s, the restaurant became a traditional after-
prom
A promenade dance, commonly called a prom, is a dance party for high school students. It may be offered in semi-formal black tie or informal suit for boys, and evening gowns for girls. This event is typically held near the end of the school yea ...
tradition for local Latinos.
Mr. Martinez died in February, 1956, while he was visiting his hometown in Mexico and working on civic improvements to the city. El Fenix is still family-owned and operated, and has expanded to additional locations throughout North Texas.
Maria Luna was a young widow who came to the U.S. from
San Luis Potosi with her two children,
and became an early entrepreneur in the Barrio.
Luna’s Tortilla Factory was started by Maria Luna in 1924 at 2209 Caroline St., and later moved to 1615 McKinney Ave before moving to its current address at Connector Dr. She began her business as a
cottage industry
The putting-out system is a means of subcontracting work. Historically, it was also known as the workshop system and the domestic system. In putting-out, work is contracted by a central agent to subcontractors who complete the project via remote ...
, delivering buckets of
masa
''Masa'' (or ''masa de maíz'') (; ) is a maize dough that comes from ground nixtamalization, nixtamalized corn. It is used for making corn tortillas, ''gorditas'', ''tamales'', ''pupusas'', and many other Latin American cuisine, Latin American d ...
to housewives to make
tortilla
A tortilla (, ) is a thin, circular unleavened flatbread originally made from maize hominy meal, and now also from wheat flour. The Aztecs and other Nahuatl speakers called tortillas ''tlaxcalli'' (). First made by the indigenous peoples of Me ...
s, but after a year and a half of work, she was able to hire 25 women to work in her small factory and delivered tortillas to the neighborhood in her 1925 Ford Model T.
In 1925, the factory was turning out 500 dozen tortillas a day.
By 2013, more than 1,500 dozen tortillas were made by the factory, which was operated by Maria Luna's grandson Fernando Luna.
In 1950 the
Dallas Tortilla Factory was founded by Ruben Leal, Sr. and his wife Elvira. With a handful of recipes, they started making a name with their now-famous
tamales
A tamale, in Spanish tamal, is a traditional Mesoamerican dish made of masa, a dough made from nixtamalized corn, which is steamed in a corn husk or banana leaf. The wrapping can either be discarded prior to eating or used as a plate. Tamales ...
, along with other Mexican favorites, such as
menudo (beef tripe soup),
barbacoa
Barbacoa () is a form of cooking meat that originated in the Caribbean with the Taíno people, who called it by the Arawak word ''barbaca'', from which the term "barbacoa" derives, and ultimately, the word 'barbecue". In contemporary Mexico, it ...
,
lengua and freshly made tortillas. They instantly became the talk of the barrio. They were visited by such celebrities as
Larry Hagman
Larry Martin Hagman (September 21, 1931 – November 23, 2012) was an American film and television actor, director, and producer, best known for playing ruthless oil baron J. R. Ewing in the 1978–1991 primetime television soap opera, ''Dal ...
and his co-star
Linda Gray
Linda Ann Gray (born September 12, 1940) is an American film, stage and television actress, director, producer and former model, best known for her role as Sue Ellen Ewing, the long-suffering wife of Larry Hagman's character J.R. Ewing on the C ...
of the TV hit series, ''
Dallas (1978 TV series)
''Dallas'' is an American prime time television soap opera that aired on CBS from April 2, 1978, to May 3, 1991. The series revolves around an affluent and feuding Texas family, the Ewings, who own the independent oil company Ewing Oil and th ...
'', boxer champion
Salvador Sanchez
Salvador, meaning "salvation" (or "saviour") in Catalan, Spanish, and Portuguese may refer to:
* Salvador (name)
Arts, entertainment, and media Music
*Salvador (band), a Christian band that plays both English and Spanish music
** ''Salvador'' ( ...
, and actor
Brad Pitt
William Bradley Pitt (born December 18, 1963) is an American actor and film producer. He is the recipient of various accolades, including two Academy Awards, a British Academy Film Award, two Golden Globe Awards, and a Primetime Emmy Award. ...
.
Sports
Baseball was played in Little Mexico, which was affectionately called ''El Barrio''. Teams from local schools would play other teams in tournaments from North Texas Mexican neighborhoods.
Boxing
Boxing (also known as "Western boxing" or "pugilism") is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves and other protective equipment such as hand wraps and mouthguards, throw punches at each other for a predetermined ...
became popular as a way to keep boys out of trouble. In 1953 in the basement of the Pike Park building, Mike “Nino” Rodriguez started training boys to box.
Culture
Music played throughout Little Mexico festivities, with influences from
Latin
Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...
,
Puerto Rican and
Cuba
Cuba ( , ), officially the Republic of Cuba ( es, República de Cuba, links=no ), is an island country comprising the island of Cuba, as well as Isla de la Juventud and several minor archipelagos. Cuba is located where the northern Caribbea ...
n sounds. Singer
Trini Lopez
Trinidad López III (May 15, 1937 – August 11, 2020) was an American singer, guitarist, and actor. His first album included a cover version of Pete Seeger's "If I Had a Hammer", which earned a Golden Disc for him. His other hits included ...
cut his first record here in 1958. Religious plays and
Las Posadas
''Las Posadas'' is a ''novenario'' (an extended devotional prayer). It is celebrated chiefly in Latin America, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and by Latin Americans in the United States. It is typically celebrated each year between December 16 and ...
were acted out at the local schools, churches, and at Pike Park. Fiestas for Diez y Seis de Septiembre and ''
Cinco de Mayo
Cinco de Mayo ( in Mexico, Spanish for "Fifth of May") is a yearly celebration held on May 5, which commemorates the anniversary of Mexico's victory over the Second French Empire at the Battle of Puebla in 1862, led by General Ignacio Zaragoz ...
'' attracted crowds to Pike Park. People cared for the sick and poor in the community, and life centered on the local churches and organizations.
Our Lady of Guadalupe
Our Lady of Guadalupe ( es, Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe), also known as the Virgin of Guadalupe ( es, Virgen de Guadalupe), is a Catholic title of Mary, mother of Jesus associated with a series of five Marian apparitions, which are believed t ...
church was established in 1924.
Demise
Little Mexico flourished to its peak in the early 1960s. Unlike the similar neighborhood of
East Los Angeles
East Los Angeles ( es, Este de Los Ángeles), or East L.A., is an unincorporated area in Los Angeles County, California. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 118,786, a drop of 6.1% from 2010, when it was 126,496. For statistical purpo ...
, Little Mexico was land-locked by major highways and surrounding neighborhoods which made it unable to expand geographically.
The
Dallas North Tollway
The Dallas North Tollway (DNT, or simply the Tollway) is a controlled-access toll road operated by the North Texas Tollway Authority (NTTA), which runs from Interstate 35E near downtown Dallas, Texas (USA), to U.S. Highway 380, in Frisco, T ...
began construction in 1966, and cut straight through the middle of Little Mexico; the
Woodall Rodgers Freeway
Woodall may refer to:
People Given name
*Woodall Rodgers (1890–1961), attorney, businessman and mayor of Dallas
Surname
*Al Woodall (b. 1945), American football player
*Corbet Woodall (1929–1982), British newsreader for the BBC
* Derek Woodal ...
bounded the neighborhood on the south side. The end of segregation, combined with highway construction and suburbanization, led to wealthier Mexican Americans moving to improved housing in "better" areas of Dallas. As
Downtown
''Downtown'' is a term primarily used in North America by English speakers to refer to a city's sometimes commercial, cultural and often the historical, political and geographic heart. It is often synonymous with its central business distric ...
business expanded, Little Mexico became prime real estate for redevelopment for office space. The city expanded streets into and through the area, high-rises were built, and the city bought houses through
eminent domain
Eminent domain (United States, Philippines), land acquisition (India, Malaysia, Singapore), compulsory purchase/acquisition (Australia, New Zealand, Ireland, United Kingdom), resumption (Hong Kong, Uganda), resumption/compulsory acquisition (Austr ...
to clear the area for redevelopment, forcing renters out.
Today only a few low structures and Pike Park remain of the historic Little Mexico. They are in the shadow of Downtown, luxury apartments and the
American Airlines Center
The American Airlines Center (AAC) is a multi-purpose indoor arena located in the Victory Park neighborhood in downtown Dallas, Texas. The arena serves as the home of the Dallas Mavericks of the National Basketball Association and the Dallas S ...
, which hosts the
Dallas Stars
The Dallas Stars are a professional ice hockey team based in Dallas. They compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Central Division (NHL), Central Division in the Western Conference (NHL), Western Conference, and were founde ...
hockey
Hockey is a term used to denote a family of various types of both summer and winter team sports which originated on either an outdoor field, sheet of ice, or dry floor such as in a gymnasium. While these sports vary in specific rules, numbers o ...
team and
Dallas Mavericks
The Dallas Mavericks (often referred to as the Mavs) are an American professional basketball team based in Dallas. The Mavericks compete in the National Basketball Association (NBA) as a member of the Western Conference (NBA), Western Conferenc ...
basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular Basketball court, court, compete with the primary objective of #Shooting, shooting a basketball (ball), basketball (appr ...
team.
See also
*
History of Mexican Americans in Dallas-Fort Worth
*The Dallas Public Library
Dallas History and Archives Division
Notes
Sources
*Garcia, Yolette and Leal, Rick (Authors) Garcia, Yolette (Executive Producer). (1997). Little Mexico-El Barrio
HS Dallas: KERA. Retrieved from http://catalog.dallaslibrary.org/Polaris/search/searchresults.aspx?ctx=1.1033.0.0.6&type=Keyword&term=Little%20Mexico&by=KW&sort=RELEVANCE&limit=TOM=vcr&query=&page=0#__pos1
*Bailon, Gilbert. (1991). Little Mexico : an enduring hub of Mexican culture in Dallas. Dallas Public Library. Retrieved from http://catalog.dallaslibrary.org/Polaris/search/searchresults.aspx?ctx=1.1033.0.0.6&type=Keyword&term=Little%20Mexico&by=KW&sort=RELEVANCE&limit=TOM=bks&query=&page=0#__pos3
*Flick, David. (2007, August 7). Little Mexico almost gone. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved from http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/dmn/stories/080707dnmetlittlemexico.368b768.html
*Merten, Sam. (2008, January 31). Little Mexico Gets Squeezed Out. Dallas Observer News. Retrieved from http://www.dallasobserver.com/2008-01-31/news/squeeze-play/
*Horner, Kim. (2006, September 22). Residents split on possible sale. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved from http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/classifieds/news/homecenter/condos/stories/class092206dnmetlittlemexico.6206a99.html
*Merten, Sam. (2008, February 4). Little Mexico Is Getting Smaller One House at a Time. Dallas Observer Blogs. Retrieved from http://blogs.dallasobserver.com/unfairpark/2008/02/little_mexico_is_getting_small.php
*Simnacher, Joe. (2009, February 14). Socorro Navarro Hernandez: Helped run grocery store in Dallas' Little Mexico for decades. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved from http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/localnews/stories/DNhernandezob_14met.ART.State.Edition1.4c2ec6a.html
*Jacobson, Sherry. (2006, October 14). Selling Little Mexico could come at a cost. The Dallas Morning News. Retrieved from http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/localnews/columnists/sjacobson/stories/DN-jacobson_14met.ART0.North.Edition1.3e6a544.html
*Olivera, Mercedes. (2009, October 17). Little Mexico photo exhibit given more time to share memories. The Dallas Morning News. http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/dn/localnews/columnists/molivera /stories/DNolivera_17met.ART.State.Edition1.4c1d8f2.html
*Preservation Dallas. (June 3, 2008). 2008 Dallas 11 Most Endangered Historic Places. Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20100308220751/http://www.preservationdallas.org/new_site/issues/mostEndangered-08.php
*Betzen, Bill. (August 3, 2008). Little Mexico, Dallas, Texas. Retrieved from http://www.studentmotivation.org/littlemexico/index.htm
*Dallas Public Library. (2006). Texas/Dallas History & Archives. Retrieved from http://www.dallaslibrary2.org/texas/photogallery/lost.html#little
*Dallas Historical Society. (January 16, 2009). Dallas History Items: St. Ann's School, 1940 Retrieved from https://web.archive.org/web/20071222205424/http://www.dallashistory.org/history/dallas/st_anns.htm
*Google. History of Little Mexico Dallas. Retrieved from http://www.google.com/searchq=history+of+little+mexico+dallas&hl=en&rlz=1T4GGLL_enUS332US332&tbs=tl:1&tbo=u&ei=Vv8nTOKlK8P78Aae-pTSDw&sa=X&oi=timeline_result&ct=title&resnum=11&ved=0CEQQ5wIwCg
*Researched and started in June 2010 by Marco C. Rodriguez
{{Ethnic enclaves
Ethnic enclaves in Texas
Historic Jewish communities in the United States
Mexican-American culture in Texas
Neighborhoods in Dallas
Polish-American culture in Texas
Polish-Jewish culture in the United States