Lithophane Lamda
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''Lithophane lamda'', the nonconformist, is a moth of the family
Noctuidae The Noctuidae, commonly known as owlet moths, cutworms or armyworms, are a family of moths. They are considered the most controversial family in the superfamily Noctuoidea because many of the clades are constantly changing, along with the other f ...
. It is found throughout Europe, except in southern Europe (the Iberian Peninsula, the
Balkan Peninsula The Balkans ( ), also known as the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions. The region takes its name from the Balkan Mountains that stretch throughout the who ...
and Italy). It is also absent from Iceland and Ireland.


Technical description and variation

''L. lamda'' F. (= ''rufescens'' Men.) (30 i). Forewing dark blue grey, very finely irrorated with olive brown; a short black streak from base below cell with rufous suffusion below it; another on submedian fold between inner and outer lines with dark suffusion above it; lines obscure, interrupted; orbicular stigma triangular, blue grey, outlined with black; reniform large, its lower lobe curved below and edged with black, filled up with rufous suffusion which basewards joins the orbicular; submarginal line ill-defined; hindwing brownish fuscous, darker towards termen; fringe brownish white: underside dull red; ab. ''zinckenii'' Tr. (30 i) is a much gayer insect ; the ground colour is pale silvery grey, and the dark suffusion deep olive, without the brown or rufous tint, which only exists, and that to a much smaller extent, in the lower part of the reniform; all the dark markings and the lines are emphasised with white; the submarginal line is distinct followed by a dark mangled shade; hindwing fuscous brown, with nearly white fringe; ab. ''somniculosa'' Hering (30 i) is smaller than the type, with darker, purplish grey, ground colour, the stigmata and lines hardly visible but with a distinct sinuous median dark olive shade; the two dark streaks both strongly expressed; hind-wing brown, with the fringe rufous. Larva blue green dotted with white; dorsal and subdorsal lines white; spiracular line yellow; spiracles white edged with brown. Warren. W. in Seitz, A. Ed., 1914 ''Die Großschmetterlinge der Erde'', Verlag Alfred Kernen, Stuttgart Band 3: Abt. 1, Die Großschmetterlinge des palaearktischen Faunengebietes, Die palaearktischen eulenartigen Nachtfalter, 1914 The wingspan is 39–44 mm.


Biology

Adults are on wing from the start of September to the beginning of November and after overwintering from the end of February to mid May in one generation. The larvae feed on '' Myrica gale'', ''
Vaccinium myrtillus ''Vaccinium myrtillus'' or European blueberry is a holarctic species of shrub with edible fruit of blue color, known by the common names bilberry, blaeberry, wimberry, and whortleberry. It is more precisely called common bilberry or blue whortle ...
'', '' Vaccinium uliginosum'', '' Chamaedaphne calyculata'' and, ''
Ledum palustre ''Rhododendron tomentosum'' (syn. ''Ledum palustre''), commonly known as marsh Labrador tea, northern Labrador tea or wild rosemary, is a flowering plant in the subsection '' Ledum'' of the large genus ''Rhododendron'' in the family Ericaceae. D ...
''.


References


External links


Fauna Europaea
lamda Moths described in 1787 Moths of Europe Taxa named by Johan Christian Fabricius {{Xylenini-stub