This is an annotated list of the orchids found in
Ireland.
Genus '' Anacamptis'' Rich.
*''
Anacamptis morio'' (Linnaeus) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase.
Distribution. Southern half of Ireland but not Southwes
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/> Status.
Endangered.
*''
Anacamptis pyramidalis
''Anacamptis pyramidalis'', the pyramidal orchid, is a perennial herbaceous plant belonging to the genus ''Anacamptis'' of the family Orchidaceae. The scientific name ''Anacamptis'' derives from Greek ανακάμτειν 'anakamptein' meaning 'b ...
'' (Linnaeus) Richard.
Distribution. Most of Irelan
Map ref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M." >Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. ,1987. ''Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland. A list of Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae including all the native plants and established aliens known to occur in Ireland with the distribution of each species, and recommended Irish and English names'' pp.
xxvii, 1-171, Map. Dublin: Stationery Office
Orchis pyramidal Agonac (2).JPG, ''Anacamptis pyramidalis'' Habitat
Anacamptis pyramidalis - Orchis Pyramidal.JPG, ''Anacamptis pyramidalis'' Donegal
EOL images of ''Anacamptis pyramidalis''
Genus ''
Cephalanthera
''Cephalanthera'', abbreviated Ceph in horticultural trade, is a genus of mostly terrestrial orchids. Members of this genus have rhizomes rather than tubers. About 15 species are currently recognized, most of them native to Europe and Asia. The o ...
'' L.C.M. Richard
*''
Cephalanthera longifolia'' (Linnaeus) Fritsch.
Distribution.Scattered over Ireland. Extinct Northern Irelan
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/> Status.Endangered.
Genus ''Coeloglossum'' Hartm.
valid combination ''Dactylorhiza viridis''
Genus ''
Dactylorhiza
''Dactylorhiza'' is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family Orchidaceae. Its species are commonly called marsh orchids or spotted orchids. ''Dactylorhiza'' were previously classified under ''Orchis'', which has two round tubers.
Descrip ...
'' Necker ex Nevski
* ''
Dactylorhiza fuchsii'' (Druce) Soó.
Distribution. All of Irelan
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Dactylorhiza fuchsii 270609.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza fuchsii'' Habitat
Image:OrchidVoirons4.JPG, ''Dactylorhiza fuchsii''
EOL images of ''Dactylorhiza fuchsii''*''Dactylorhiza fuchsii'' subspecies ''hebridensis'' (Wilmott) Soó
*''Dactylorhiza fuchsii'' subspecies ''fuchsii'' (Druce) Soó
*''Dactylorhiza fuchsii'' subspecies ''okellyi'' (Druce) Soó
*''
Dactylorhiza incarnata'' (Linnaeus) Soó.
Distribution.All of Irelan
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
*''
Dactylorhiza incarnata'' subspecies ''
cruenta'' (O.F. Müller) Soó Se
Kew World Checklist
Distributio
Map
Image:Dactylorhiza incarnata 190506.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza incarnata'' Habitat
Image:Dactylorhiza incarnata 140505.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza incarnata''
EOL images of ''Dactylorhiza incarnata''*''Dactylorhiza incarnata'' subspecies ''coccinea'' (Pugsley) Soó
*''Dactylorhiza incarnata'' subspecies ''incarnata'' (Linnaeus)
Image:Dactylorhiza incarnata f. rosea (flower spike).jpg, ''Dactylorhiza incarnata'' forma ''rosea''
*''Dactylorhiza incarnata'' subspecies ''pulchella'' (Druce) Soó
*''
Dactylorhiza maculata'' auctorum hibernicorum.
Distribution. All of Irelan
Map
Image:20090724JungfruMarieNyckelIMG 6369.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza maculata'' Habitat
Image:Dactylorhiza Maculata Norway.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza maculata''
EOL images of ''Dactylorhiza maculata''* ''
Dactylorhiza majalis'' (Reichenb.) Hunt & Summerhayes.
Distribution. Widesprea
Mapref name="Webb, D.A. & Scannell, M.J.P.">Webb, D.A. & Scannell, M.J.P., 1983. Flora of Connemara and the Burren. pp. i-xlv, 1-322, 4 colour pls; 25 black and white illustrations. Dublin & Cambridge: Royal Dublin Society & Cambridge University Press.
Image:Dactylorhiza majalis in Chvalsovicke pastviny area in 2011 (4).JPG, ''Dactylorhiza majalis'' Habitat
Image:Knabenkraut 20080921.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza majalis''
EOL images of ''Dactylorhiza majalis''*''Dactylorhiza majalis'' subspecies ''
occidentalis
This list of Latin and Greek words commonly used in systematic names is intended to help those unfamiliar with classical languages to understand and remember the scientific names of organisms. The binomial nomenclature used for animals and plants i ...
'' (Pugsley) P. Delforge Synonym of ''Dactylorhiza kerryensis'' (Wilmott) P.F. Hunt & Summerhayes. Se
Kew World Checklistan
Distribution. Western, Northern and Central Irelan
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Mg-k d1002356 dactylorhiza occidentalis.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza occidentalis'' Burren Habitus
Image:Mg-k d1002358 dactylorhiza occidentalis.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza occidentalis'' inflorescence
*''
Dactylorhiza purpurella
''Dactylorhiza purpurella'', the northern marsh orchid, is an orchid native to Great Britain, Ireland, the Netherlands, Denmark and Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland ...
'' (T. Stephenson & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
Distribution. All Ireland. Mainly Nort
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Mg-k d1002033 dactylorhiza fuchsii x purpurella.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza purpurella'' Habitat
Image:Mg-k d1002026 dactylorhiza coccinea x purpurella.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza purpurella'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Dactylorhiza purpurella''*''
Dactylorhiza traunsteineri
''Dactylorhiza traunsteineri'', the narrow-leaved marsh orchid or Traunsteiner's dactylorhiza, is a terrestrial species of orchid native to the cooler parts of the Eastern Hemisphere. It is native to Scandinavia, the Alps, and a region extending ...
'' (Sauter) Soó. Distribution. All Ireland.Scattere
Map
Image:Petit orchis de mai (Vosges).jpg, ''Dactylorhiza traunsteineri''. Habitus
Image:Dactylorhiza traunsteineri.jpeg, ''Dactylorhiza traunsteineri'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Dactylorhiza traunsteineri''*''
Dactylorhiza viridis'' (Linnaeus) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase synonym ''Coeloglossum viride'' (Linnaeus) Hartman.
Distribution. All Irelan
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Coeloglossum viride 06 mg-k.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza viridis'' Habitat
Image:Coeloglossum viride Saarland 01.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza viridis'' Habitus
Image:Coeloglossum viride Schweiz Julierpass 360.jpg, ''Dactylorhiza viridis''
EOL images of ''Dactylorhiza viridis''
nothosubspecies of = ''Dactylorhiza'' (hybrid subspecies)
*x ''braunii'' (Halácsy) Borsos & Soó
*x ''claudiopolitana'' (Soó) Soó
*x ''formosa'' (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
*x ''jenensis'' (Brand.) Soó
*x ''kellerana'' P.F. Hunt
*x ''kernerorum'' (Soó) Soó
*x ''townsendiana'' (Rouy) Soó
*x ''transiens'' (Druce) Soó
*x ''venusta'' (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
*''Dactylorhiza fuchsii'' x ''incarnata'' subsp. cruenta
Genus '' Epipactis'' Zinn
*''
Epipactis atrorubens'' (Hoffm.) Besser.
Distribution. Western Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Epipactis atrorubens 100705c.jpg, ''Epipactis atrorubens''. Habitus
Image:Epipactis atrorubens 2(loz).jpg, ''Epipactis atrorubens''. Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Epipactis atrorubens''*''
Epipactis helleborine
''Epipactis helleborine'', the broad-leaved helleborine, is a terrestrial species of orchid with a broad distribution. It is a long lived herb which varies morphologically with ability to self-pollinate.
Description
''Epipactis helleborine'' ca ...
'' (Linnaeus) Crantz.
Distribution. All Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Epipactis helleborine 240705.jpg, ''Epipactis helleborine'' Habitus
Image:Epipactis helleborine 03.JPG, ''Epipactis helleborine'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Epipactis helleborine''*''
Epipactis palustris
''Epipactis palustris'', the marsh helleborine, is a species of orchid native to Europe and Asia.
Description
''Epipactis palustris'' is a perennial herbaceous plant. This species has a stem growing to 60 cm high with as many as ten ere ...
'' (Linnaeus) Crantz.
Distribution. All Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Epipactis palustris 230705.jpg, Habitat
Image:Epipactis palustris.jpeg, Inflorescence
Image:Epipactis palustris - Keila.jpg, Flower
EOL images of ''Epipactis palustris ''*''
Epipactis phyllanthes''
G.E. Smith.
Distribution.Confined to North and coastal Eas
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Epipactis phyllanthes - Flickr 003.jpg, ''Epipactis phyllanthes''
EOL images of Epipactis phyllanthes
Genus '' Gymnadenia'' R. Brown
* ''
Gymnadenia borealis
''Gymnadenia borealis'', the heath fragrant orchid, is a Palearctic orchid.
''Gymnadenia borealis'' is found in North and Central Europe (Great Britain, Ireland and Germany). The species can be found up to 2,800 meters in altitude.
Reference ...
'' (Druce) R.M.Bateman, Pridgeon & M.W.Chase.
Distribution. Restricted
Map
Heath Fragrant Orchid (Gymnadenia borealis) - geograph.org.uk - 701279.jpg, ''Gymnadenia borealis'' Keen of Hamar NNR Scotland
* ''
Gymnadenia conopsea'' (Linnaeus) R. Brown.
Distribution.All Irelan
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Gymnadenia conopsea 060707.jpg, ''Gymnadenia conopsea''. Habitat
Image:Gymnadenia conopsea 030710.jpg, ''Gymnadenia conopsea'' Habitus
EOL images of ''Gymnadenia conopsea''* ''Gymnadenia densiflora'' (Wahlenb.) A. Dietr. = Gymnadenia × densiflora (Wahlenb.) A.Dietr., Allg. Gartenzeitung 7: 170 (1839) only this hybrid name is accepted. Hybrid Formula: ''G. conopsea'' × ''G. odoratissima''
Distribution. Restricted. Nort
map
nothosubspecies of ''Gymnadenia'' (hybrid subspecies)
* ''x Dactylogymnadenia cookei'' (H. Harrison fil.) Soó
*x ''Dactylogymnadenia legrandiana'' (Camus) Soó
*x ''Dactylogymnadenia varia'' (T. & T.A. Stephenson) Soó
Genus '' Hammarbya'' O. Kuntze
*''
Hammarbya paludosa
''Hammarbya paludosa'' (or ''Malaxis paludosa'') is a small orchid commonly known as bog orchid, bog adder's-mouth or bog adder's-mouth orchid. It grows in bogs in temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Taxonomy
It was or ...
'' (Linnaeus) Kuntze.
Distribution.All Ireland.Coasta
MapStatus.Endangered.
Genus ''
Leucorchis
''Didymoplexis'', commonly known as crystal orchids or as 双唇兰属 (shuang chun lan shu), is a genus of terrestrial leafless orchids in the family Orchidaceae, about twenty species of which have been described. Orchids in this genus have ...
'' E. Mey
valid combination ''Pseudorchis albida'' (Linnaeus) A. Löve & D. Löve. See below
Genus ''Listera'' R. Brown
Valid combination ''Neottia cordata'' (L.) Rich.
Valid combination ''Neottia ovata'' (Linnaeus) Bluff & Fingerh.
Genus ''
Neotinea
''Neotinea'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It is native to much of Europe, the Mediterranean region, and the islands of the eastern Atlantic, from the Canaries, Madeira and Ireland east to Iran and Western ...
'' Reichb. f.
* ''
Neotinea maculata
''Neotinea maculata'', the dense-flowered orchid, is an orchid native to Asia Minor and parts of Europe and North Africa.
(Codes)
Description
The leaves are oblong, 5 cm in length, and form a basal rosette which develops from round u ...
'' (Desfontaines) W.L. Stearn
Distribution. WesternIreland (24 Hectads
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Neotinea maculata (Sardinia).jpg, ''Neotinea maculata''
EOL images of ''Neotinea maculata''
Genus '' Neottia'' Ludwig
* ''
Neottia cordata'' (L.) Rich.
Distribution. All Ireland. Fewer records Midlan
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Alpines Biotop Listera cordata.jpg, ''Listera cordata'' Habitat (Alpine Biotope)
Image:Listera cordata 130506b.jpg, ''Listera cordata'' Habitus
Image:Listera cordata - Flickr 003.jpg, ''Listera cordata'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Neottia cordata''* ''
Neottia ovata'' (Linnaeus) Bluff & Fingerh.
Distribution. All Irelan
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Neottia ovata R.H. (6).jpg, ''Neottia ovata'' Habitus
Image:Listera ovata bluete.jpeg, ''Neottia ovata'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Neottia ovata''* ''
Neottia nidus-avis'' (Linnaeus) L.C.M.Richard
Distribution.All Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Neottia nidus-avis Saarland 010.jpg, ''Neottia nidus-avis'' Habitus
Image:Neottia nidus-avis04.jpg, ''Neottia nidus-avis'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Neottia nidus-avis''
Genus '' Ophrys'' Linnaeus
* ''
Ophrys apifera'' Hudson
Distribution.All Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Ophrys apifera2a.jpg, ''Ophrys apifera'' Habitus
Image:Bijenorchis KW3.jpg, ''Ophrys apifera'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Ophrys apifera''* ''
Ophrys insectifera'' Linnaeus
Distribution.Central and West Ireland (karst)
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Ophrys insectifera 210407.jpg, ''Ophrys insectifera'' Habitat
Image:Ophrys.insectifera.8255.jpg, ''Ophrys insectifera'' Habitus
Image:Ophrys insectifera (spike).jpg, ''Ophrys insectifera'' Inflorescence
Image:Ophrys insectifera 290407.jpg, ''Ophrys insectifera'' Flower
EOL images of ''Ophrys insectifera''
Genus '' Orchis''
*''
Orchis mascula'' Linnaeus
Distribution.All Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Coucou e orquidèa causse del larzac.JPG, ''Orchis mascula'' Habitus
Image:Orchis mascula ormancon st-joire 01052005 2.JPG, ''Orchis mascula'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Orchis mascula''
Genus ''
Platanthera
The genus ''Platanthera'' belongs to the subfamily Orchidoideae of the family Orchidaceae, and comprises about 150 species of orchids. The members of this genus, known as the butterfly orchids or fringed orchids, were previously included in the ...
'' L.C.M. Richard
* ''
Platanthera bifolia'' (Linnaeus) L.C.M. Richard
Distribution.All Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Přírodní park Baba783.jpg, ''Platanthera bifolia'' Habitat
Image:Platanthera bifolia20090612 043.jpg, ''Platanthera bifolia'' Habitus
Image:Natural monument Královský hvozd (28).jpg, ''Platanthera bifolia'' Flower
EOL images of ''Platanthera bifolia''* ''
Platanthera chlorantha'' (Custer) Reichenb.
Distribution.All Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Platanthera chlorantha LC0225.jpg, ''Platanthera chlorantha'' Habitus
Image:Butterfly Orchid - Platanthera chlorantha 2a.jpg, ''Platanthera chlorantha'' Inflorescence
EOL images of ''Platanthera chlorantha''
Genus ''
Pseudorchis
''Pseudorchis'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. The sole species is the small white orchid (''Pseudorchis albida''). It is found across much of Europe and northern Asia from Spain and Iceland t ...
'' Séguier
*''
Pseudorchis albida
''Pseudorchis'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. The sole species is the small white orchid (''Pseudorchis albida''). It is found across much of Europe and northern Asia from Spain and Iceland to Kamcha ...
'' (Linnaeus) A. Löve & D. Löve
Distribution.All Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/> Status.Endangered
Genus '' Spiranthes'' Rich.
* ''
Spiranthes spiralis
''Spiranthes spiralis'', commonly known as autumn lady's-tresses, is an orchid that grows in Europe and adjacent North Africa and Asia. It is a small grey-green plant. It forms a rosette of four to five pointed, sessile, ovate leaves about in le ...
'' (Linnaeus) Chevall.
Distribution. South Ireland
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/>
Image:Spiranthes spiralis (habitus).jpg, ''Spiranthes spiralis'' Habitus
Image:Spiranthes spiralis (detail).jpg, ''Spiranthes spiralis'' Flower
EOL images of ''Spiranthes spiralis''* ''
Spiranthes romanzoffiana'' Cham.
Distribution.North, Galway Mayo Buttress and Southwes
Mapref name="Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. "/> Status. Endangered.
Synonyms
See WCSP 2012
World Checklist of selected plant families The Board of Trustees of the
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2012-October-24.
See also
National Biodiversity Network Maps and data
References
*Bateman, R.M., Pridgeon, A.M. & Chase, M.W. (1997). Phylogenetics of subtribe Orchidinae (Orchidoideae, Orchidaceae) based on nuclear its sequences. 2. Infrageneric relationships and reclassification to achieve monophyly of Orchis sensu stricto. ''Lindleyana'' 12: 113-141.
*Bateman, Richard M, 2011 Glacial progress: do we finally understand thenarrow-leaved marsh-orchids? ''New Journal of Botany'' Volume 1, Number 1, June 2011, pp. 2–15(14
pdf*O'Reilly, P. & Parker, S. (2007). The first nature guide to wild orchids in the Burren. pp.
67. Lladdysul: First Nature.
* Scannell, M.J.P. & Synnott, D.M. (1987). ''Census catalogue of the flora of Ireland. A list of Pteridophyta, Gymnospermae and Angiospermae including all the native plants and established aliens known to occur in Ireland with the distribution of each species, and recommended Irish and English names''. pp.
xxvii, 1-171, Map. Dublin: Stationery Office.
*Sayers, B. & Sex, S. (2008). ''Ireland's wild orchids a field guide''. pp.
-iii i-x, 1-109. Galway: Propeller.
*Kingston, N.. (2009). Checklist of protected & rare species in Ireland. pp. 1–15.
*Turner Ettlinger, D.M. (1976). British and Irish orchids a field guide. pp.
vi, 1-141. London & Basignstoke: The Macmillan Press Ltd.
*Webb, D.A. & Scannell, M.J.P. (1983). Flora of Connemara and the Burren. pp. i-xlv, 1-322, 4 colour pls; 25 black and white illustrations. Dublin & Cambridge: Royal Dublin Society & Cambridge University Press.
*Harrap, Anne & Simon Harrap (2009) ''Orchids of Britain & Ireland: A Field and Site Guide'', 2nd ed., A & C Black, London. .
*Lang, David (1980) ''Orchids of Britain: a field guide''. Oxford University Press
*Pierre Delforge, 2006 ''Orchids of Europe, North Africa and the Middle East'' Portland, Or. : Timber Press 3rd Edition
*Karl-Peter Buttler, 1986 ''Orchideen, die wildwachsenden Arten Europas''. Mosaik Verlag
*H. Baumann, S. Künkele, 1982 ''Die wildwachsenden Orchideen Europas''. Frankh
*Robert L. Dressler,1996 ''Die Orchideen - Biologie und Systematik der Orchidaceae.''
*Hans Sundermann, 1975 ''Europäische und mediterrane Orchideen''. Brücke-Verlag, 2. Auflage
*J. G. Williams, ''Orchideen Europas mit Nordafrika und Kleinasien''. BLV Verlag,
*Kreutz, C.A.J., 2004 ''Kompendium der Europäischen Orchideen'' Landgraaf Kreutz Lists all subspecies, forma and other names.
*Preston C. D., Pearman D. A. and Dines T.D., 2002 ''New Atlas of the British & Irish Flora'' Oxford University Press {{ISBN, 0-19-851067-5 Verified and standardised maps.
External links
Biodiversity Irelandincludes datasets and maps
* http://www.wildflowersofireland.net/groups.php
Online Atlas of the British and Irish flora Biological Records Centre Information organised under :- Photos, Maps, Habitats, Life Form, Distribution, Conservation Status, Other Accounts, References.
Orchids of FrancePierre Delforge, 2000 .
Ireland