This article lists the

Achaemenid The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, wikt:𐎧𐏁𐏂𐎶, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an History of Iran#Classical antiquity, ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Bas ...

satraps and

Hellenistic In Classical antiquity, the Hellenistic period covers the time in Mediterranean history after Classical Greece, between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire, as signified by the Battle of Actium in ...

kings of

Cappadocia Cappadocia or Capadocia (; tr, Kapadokya), is a historical region in Central Anatolia, Turkey. It largely is in the provinces Nevşehir, Kayseri, Aksaray, Kırşehir, Sivas and Niğde. According to Herodotus, in the time of the Ionian Revo ...

, an ancient region in central

Anatolia Anatolia, tr, Anadolu Yarımadası), and the Anatolian plateau, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the major part of modern-day Turkey. The re ...

Satraps of Cappadocia, c. 380–331 BC

The Satrapy of Capadocia was a

satrapy A satrap () was a governor of the provinces of the ancient Median and Achaemenid Empires and in several of their successors, such as in the Sasanian Empire and the Hellenistic empires. The satrap served as viceroy to the king, though with consid ...

(province) of the

Achaemenid Empire The Achaemenid Empire or Achaemenian Empire (; peo, 𐎧𐏁𐏂, , ), also called the First Persian Empire, was an ancient Iranian empire founded by Cyrus the Great in 550 BC. Based in Western Asia, it was contemporarily the largest em ...

until its conquest by

Alexander the Great Alexander III of Macedon ( grc, wikt:Ἀλέξανδρος, Ἀλέξανδρος, Alexandros; 20/21 July 356 BC – 10/11 June 323 BC), commonly known as Alexander the Great, was a king of the Ancient Greece, ancient Greek kingdom of Maced ...

in 331 BC. *

Datames Datames (Old Persian: ''Dātama'' or ''Dātāma'', Aramaic: ''Tadanmu'', grc, Δατάμης, Datámēs; 407 BC – 362 BC), also known as Tarkamuwa, was an Iranian military leader, who served as the governor ( satrap) of the Achaemenid satrapy o ...

, c. 380–362 BC * Ariamnes I, 362–350 BC *

Mithrobuzanes Mithrobuzanes ( peo, wiktionary:Reconstruction:Old Persian/Miθrabaujanaʰ, *Miθrabaujanaʰ; grc, wiktionary:Μιθροβουζάνης, Μιθροβουζάνης ; d. 334 BC) was a Persian governor (satrap) of Cappadocia (satrapy), Cappadocia ...

(died 334) * Ariarathes I, 340s–331 BC

Independent Princes of Cappadocia, 331 BC–the 250s BC

* Ariarathes I, 331–322 BC The hitherto satrap, Ariarathes I managed to keep control of most or all Cappadocia, as independent prince leading the resistance against conquerors, even after Alexander the Great's conquest of the Persians; however, in 322 BC, he was crucified by

Perdiccas Perdiccas ( el, Περδίκκας, ''Perdikkas''; 355 BC – 321/320 BC) was a general of Alexander the Great. He took part in the Macedonian campaign against the Achaemenid Empire, and, following Alexander's death in 323 BC, rose to becom ...

, Alexander's general and (after Alexander's death) regent. * temporary suppression of independence, governors of Macedon Empire held the country ** governor

Eumenes Eumenes (; grc-gre, Εὐμένης; c. 362316 BC) was a Greek general and satrap. He participated in the Wars of Alexander the Great, serving as both Alexander's personal secretary and as a battlefield commander. He later was a participant in t ...

** diadoch Antigonos, firstly satrap of Phrygia and then Regent. He was killed in Ipsos in 301 BCE. Perdiccas gave Cappadocia to

, Alexander's former secretary. However, during the instability of the ongoing civil wars between Alexander's generals, Eumenes was killed, and then the regent Antigonos was killed. Ariarathes I's adopted son,

Ariarathes II Ariarathes II ( grc, Ἀριαράθης, Ariaráthēs; ruled 301–280 BC), satrap and king of Cappadocia, son of Holophernes, fled into Armenia after the death of his uncle and adopted father Ariarathes I, ruler of Cappadocia. After the death ...

, managed to re-secure some of his inheritance, namely the mere Upper Cappadocia around Mazaca, and became Prince of Cappadocia (while accepting

Seleucid The Seleucid Empire (; grc, Βασιλεία τῶν Σελευκιδῶν, ''Basileía tōn Seleukidōn'') was a Greek state in West Asia that existed during the Hellenistic period from 312 BC to 63 BC. The Seleucid Empire was founded by the ...

suzerainty). The Lower Cappadocia was lost forever to Kingdom of Pontos which emerged since 301 BCE in the coast of Black Sea, and proclaimed Kingdom in circa 281 BCE. *

, 301–280 BC * Ariamnes II, 280–230 BC

Kingdom of Cappadocia, the 250s BC–17 AD

Possibly continuing a while under weak

suzerainty, title recognized as Kings: * Ariarathes III, 255–220 BC, started as co-ruler with his father Ariamnes II *

Ariarathes IV Eusebes Ariarathes IV, surnamed ''Eusebes'', "the Pious", ( grc, Ἀριαράθης Εὐσεβής, Ariaráthēs Eusebḗs), was the king of Cappadocia in 220–163 BC. Early life Ariarathes IV was the son of the king of Cappadocia Ariarathes III a ...

, 220–163 BC *

Ariarathes V Eusebes Philopator Ariarathes V Eusebes Philopator ( grc-gre, Ἀριαράθης Εὐσεβής Φιλοπάτωρ; reigned 163–130 BC) was a son of the preceding king Ariarathes IV of Cappadocia and queen Antiochis. He was distinguished by his contemporaries ...

, 163–130 BC * Orophernes, 157 BC * Ariarathes VI Epiphanes Philopator, 130–116 BC * Ariarathes VII Philometor, 116–101 BC *

Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes VIII Epiphanes ( grc, Ἀριαράθης Ἐπιφανής, Ariaráthēs Epiphanḗs; reigned c. 101–c. 96 BC and in 95), King of Cappadocia, was the second son of Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia and wife Laodice of Cappadocia. Ariarath ...

, 101–96 BC *

Ariarathes IX Ariarathes IX Eusebes Philopator ( grc, Ἀριαράθης Εὐσεβής Φιλοπάτωρ, Ariaráthēs Eusebḗs Philopátōr; reigned c. 100–85 BC), was made king of Cappadocia by his father King Mithridates VI of Pontus after the assass ...

, 100-85 BC * Ariobarzanes I Philoromaios, 95–c. 63 BC * Ariobarzanes II Philopator, c. 63–51 BC * Ariobarzanes III Eusebes Philoromaios, 51–42 BC *

Ariarathes X Eusebes Philadelphos Ariarathes X, surnamed ''Eusebes Philadelphos'', "Pious, brother-loving" ( grc, Ἀριαράθης Εὐσεβής Φιλάδελφος, Ariaráthēs Eusebḗs Philádelphos), was the king of Cappadocia from c. 42 BC to 36 BC. He was of Persian a ...

, 42–36 BC * Archelaus, 36 BC–17 AD

Family tree of kings of Cappadocia

{{tree chart/end

Rulers of Cappadocia