Below it the list of

hillforts A hillfort is a type of earthwork used as a fortified refuge or defended settlement, located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage. They are typically European and of the Bronze Age or Iron Age. Some were used in the post-Roma ...

Lithuania Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic region of Europe. It is one of three Baltic states and lies on the eastern shore of the Baltic Sea. Lithuania ...

. The first three volumes of the atlas of Lithuanian hillforts (''Lietuvos piliakalniai. Atlasas'', eds. Z. Baubonis ir G. Zabiela, Vilnius, 2005, vol. I–III) contained 829 entries. The 4th volume (2017) contained additional 92 entries. Most of the latter ones were identified after 2005, but some of the sites were known earlier, and only recently they were classified as hillforts. At the end of vol. 4 there is a list of hillforts grouped by districts and municipalities. only 184 of them were excavated to various extents. "Hillfort" is ''piliakalnis'' in Lithianian. The word literally means "castle mound" and refers to wooden castles that stood on tops of these mounds. Since 14th century, with the appearance of brick and stone castles, the wooden ones were abandoned and decayed, and today the root "pilis" in "piliakalnis" refers to a castle only etymologically. In modern times, about one and half thousand places are called ''piliakalnis'', not all of them are real hillforts (defined as elements of terrain with external earth fortifications of closed type with traces of the activity of ancient people within). A number of similar-looking objects are not hillforts in the archaeological sense, but rather temporary field fortifications, remnants of fortified manors, etc., dated by XVI-XVII centuries.Apie piliakalnius
In: "Lietuvos piliakalniai. Atlasas". Vilnius, 2005. Vol. 1, pp. 4–20) Detailed information about Lithuanian hillforts is collected at the website ''Lietuvos Piliakalniai'' ("Lithuanian Hillforts"), a virtual database maintained by the Cultural Heritage Preservation Force. The database can be browsed by districts and its texts are searchable. The information about the protection status of hillforts and further references can be found in the overall .Kultūros vertybių registras
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Akmenė District Akmenė () is a city in northern Lithuania. Following the discovery of large reserves of limestone and clay in the region, in 1947 construction work began on one of the largest cement production complexes in the Baltic States. Nearby, a new town ...

Alytus Alytus is a city with municipal rights in southern Lithuania. It is the capital of Alytus County. Its population in 2022 was 53,925. Alytus is the historical centre of the Dzūkija region. The city lies on the banks of the Nemunas River. The maj ...

Alytus District

Anykščiai District Anykščiai (; see other names) is a ski resort town in Lithuania, west of Utena. The Roman Catholic Church of St. Matthias in Anykščiai is the tallest church in Lithuania, with spires measuring in height. Anykščiai has a resort status i ...

Birštonas Municipality Birštonas Municipality is one of 60 municipalities of Lithuania NOTOC Lithuania is divided into three layers of administrative divisions. The first-level division consists of 10 counties ( Lithuanian: singular – ''apskritis'', plural ...

Biržai District

Druskininkai Municipality Druskininkai Municipality ( lt, Druskininkų savivaldybė) is a municipality in Alytus County, Lithuania Lithuania (; lt, Lietuva ), officially the Republic of Lithuania ( lt, Lietuvos Respublika, links=no ), is a country in the Baltic re ...

Elektrėnai Municipality Elektrėnai () is a city of about 11,000 inhabitants in Lithuania; since 2000 it has been the capital of the Elektrėnai Municipality. It is situated between the two largest cities in Lithuania – Vilnius and Kaunas. History Elektrėnai is on ...

Ignalina District

Jonava District

Joniškis District Joniškis (; Samogitian language, Samogitian: ''Juonėškis'') is a town in northern Lithuania with a population of about 9,900. It is located 39 kilometers north of Šiauliai and 14 kilometers south of the Lithuania–Latvia border. Joniškis i ...

Jurbarkas District

Kaišiadorys District

Kalvarija Municipality Kalvarija Municipality is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania. Elderships Kalvarija Municipality is divided into 4 elderships: External links Municipalities of Marijampolė County Municipalities of Lithuania {{lithuania- ...

Kaunas Kaunas (; ; also see other names) is the second-largest city in Lithuania after Vilnius and an important centre of Lithuanian economic, academic, and cultural life. Kaunas was the largest city and the centre of a county in the Duchy of Trakai ...

Kaunas District

Kazlų Rūda Municipality

Kėdainiai District Kėdainiai () is one of the oldest cities in Lithuania. It is located north of Kaunas on the banks of the Nevėžis River. First mentioned in the 1372 Livonian Chronicle of Hermann de Wartberge, its population is 23,667. Its old town dates to ...

Kelmė District Kelmė (; is a city in northwestern Lithuania, a historical region of Samogitia. It has a population of 8,206 and is the administrative center of the Kelmė district municipality. History Kelmė's name may come from the Lithuanian ''kelmynės'', ...

Klaipėda

Klaipėda District Klaipėda (; ; german: Memel; pl, Kłajpeda; russian: Клайпеда; sgs, Klaipieda) is a city in Lithuania on the Baltic Sea coast. The capital of the eponymous county, it is the third largest city and the only major seaport in Lithuania ...

Kretinga District

Kupiškis District

Lazdijai District

Marijampolė Municipality Marijampolė Municipality is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania. Marijampolė has a City Council with 27 members. The members of the City Council represent different Lithuanian political parties. The Marijampolė Municipality is adjacent to t ...

Mažeikiai District Mažeikiai (; Samogitian: ''Mažeikē''; lv, Mažeiķi) is a city in northwestern Lithuania, on the Venta River. It has a population of around 43,547, making it the eighth largest city in Lithuania. The city is the administrative center of Ma ...

Molėtai District Molėtai () ( pl, Malaty) is a town in north eastern Lithuania surrounded by lakes. One of the oldest settlements in Lithuania, it is a popular resort for the inhabitants of Vilnius. According to the 2013 census, it had 6,302 inhabitants. The to ...

Pagėgiai Municipality Pagėgiai (, german: Pogegen) is a city in south-western Lithuania. It is located in the medieval region of Scalovia in the historic region of Lithuania Minor. It is the capital of Pagėgiai municipality, and as such it is part of Tauragė County. ...

Pakruojis District

Palanga Palanga (; bat-smg, Palonga; pl, Połąga; german: Polangen) is a seaside resort town in western Lithuania, on the shore of the Baltic Sea. Palanga is the busiest summer resort in Lithuania and has sandy beaches (18 km, 11 miles long ...

Panevėžys District

Pasvalys District

Plungė District Plungė (; Samogitian: ''Plongė'') is a city in Lithuania with 17,252 inhabitants. Plungė is known for Plungė Manor and its park, Samogitian Art Museum. In the Oginskiai manor park stands the Perkūnas oak a natural monument. The Lourdes of P ...

Prienai District

Radviliškis District

Raseiniai District Raseiniai District Municipality is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania. Symbols Coat of arms: ''A traditional Iberic shield Argent, resting on a base Vert a lynx salient Proper.'' References
Raseiniai District Municipality, Muni ...

Rietavas Municipality

Rokiškis District Rokiškis () is a city in northeastern Lithuania with a population of about 14,400. History The legend of the founding of Rokiškis tells about a hunter called Rokas who had been hunting for hares ( Lit. "kiškis"). However, cities ending in "-k ...

Skuodas District Skuodas District Municipality is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania. It is the only territory whose Council is using the Samogitian language Samogitian ( sgs, žemaitiu kalba, link=no or sometimes ', ''žemaitiu šnekta'' or '; lt, že ...

Šakiai District Šakiai (, pl, Szaki) is a city in the Marijampolė County, Lithuania. It is located west of Kaunas. It is presumed that Šakiai first expanded from ''Šakaičai'' village. By 1719 a church in Šakiai was built. By the 19th century Šakiai al ...

Šalčininkai District

Šiauliai District Šiauliai (; bat-smg, Šiaulē; german: Schaulen, ) is the fourth largest city in Lithuania, with a population of 107,086. From 1994 to 2010 it was the capital of Šiauliai County. Names Šiauliai is referred to by various names in different l ...

Šilalė District Šilalė (, Samogitian: ''Šėlalė'', yi, שילעל ''Shilel'', pl, Szyłele) is a town in Western Lithuania, Samogitia, Tauragė County. It is located north of Tauragė. The River Lokysta flows through the town and there is a pond in the ...

Šilutė District

Širvintos District

Švenčionys District

Tauragė District Tauragė (; see #Names and etymology, other names) is an industrial city in Lithuania, and the capital of Tauragė County. In 2020, its population was 21,520. Tauragė is situated on the Jūra, Jūra River, close to the border with the Kaliningra ...

Telšiai District Telšiai (; Samogitian: ''Telšē'') is a city in Lithuania with about 21,499 inhabitants. It is the capital of Telšiai County and Samogitia region, and it is located on the shores of Lake Mastis. Telšiai is one of the oldest cities in Lithu ...

Trakai District

Ukmergė District Ukmergė (; previously ''Vilkmergė''; pl, Wiłkomierz) is a city in Vilnius County, Lithuania, located northwest of Vilnius, with a population of about 20,000. Etymology and variant names The city took its original name ''Vilkmergė'' from th ...

Utena District

Varėna District Varėna (; pl, Orany; yi, אוראַן ''Oran'') is a city in Dzūkija, Lithuania. History The town was founded in 1862 near the Warsaw – Saint Petersburg Railway, south of Sena Varėna (Old Varėna). At that time it was a small settleme ...

Vilkaviškis District Vilkaviškis () is a city in southwestern Lithuania, the administrative center of the Vilkaviškis District Municipality. It is located northwest from Marijampolė, at the confluence of of and rivers. The city got its name from the Vilka ...

Vilnius Vilnius ( , ; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the municipality of Vilnius). The population of Vilnius's functional urb ...

Vilnius District Vilnius ( , ; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the municipality of Vilnius). The population of Vilnius's functional urb ...

Visaginas Municipality

Zarasai District Zarasai District Municipality is one of 60 municipalities in Lithuania. It borders with Latvia and Belarus. Local government units The district has the following localities: * 2 cities ('' miestas''): Zarasai (capital) and Dusetos * 3 towns ('' m ...

Hillfort groups /complexes

* Kernavė Mounds by

Kernavė Kernavė was a medieval capital of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and today is a tourist attraction and an archeological site (population 272, 2011). It is located in the Širvintos district municipality located in southeast Lithuania. A Lithuanian ...

: ** Lizdeikos kalnas ** Mindaugo sosto kalnas ** Aukuro kalnas ** Pilies kalnas ** Kriveikiškio piliakalnis * Sudargas hillforts; :lt:Sudargo piliakalniai: ** Balnakalnis ** Pilaitė ** Vorpilis ** Žydkapiai ** Burgaičių III piliakalnis * Gandingos piliakalniai: ** Pilies kalnas ** Ožkupris ** Nausodžio I piliakalnis ** Nausodžio II piliakalnis ** Varkalių piliakalnis * Vilniaus piliakalniai: ** Gedimino kalnas ** Stalo kalnas ** Bekešo kalnas ** Plikasis kalnas ** Gedimino kapo kalnas

References

{{reflist, 30em

External links

Lietuvos piliakalnių atlasas

Map of Lithuanian hillforts