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This list of birds of Florida includes species documented in the U.S. state of Florida and accepted by the Florida Ornithological Society Records Committee (FOSRC). As of November 2022, there were 539 species included in the official list. Of them, 168 species and eight identifiable subspecies are classed as accidental, 18 have been introduced to North America, four are
Order:
Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.
* Least grebe, ''Tachybaptus dominicus'' (A)
* Pied-billed grebe, ''Podilymbus podiceps''
* Horned grebe, ''Podiceps auritus''
*
Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks, and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.
* Rock pigeon, ''Columba livia'' (I)
* Scaly-naped pigeon, ''Patagioenas squamosa'' (A)
* White-crowned pigeon, ''Patagioenas leucocephala''
*
Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs.
* Smooth-billed ani, ''Crotophaga ani''
*
Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically colored to resemble bark or leaves.
* Lesser nighthawk, ''Chordeiles acutipennis''
* Common nighthawk, ''Chordeiles minor''
* Antillean nighthawk, ''Chordeiles gundlachii''
*
Order: ApodiformesFamily: Trochilidae
Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.
* Bahama woodstar, ''Calliphlox evelynae'' (A)
*
Order:
Order:
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are generally found in open country, mostly in habitats near water.
* Southern lapwing, ''Vanellus chilensis'' (A)
*
Order: CharadriiformesFamily:
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae
Skuas are medium to large seabirds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.
* South polar skua, ''Stercorarius maccormicki'' (A)
*
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae
The Laridae are a family of medium to large seabirds and containing the gulls, terns, kittiwakes, and skimmers. They are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.
*
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily:
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united tubular nostrils with a median
Order: SuliformesFamily: Sulidae
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.
* Masked booby, ''Sula dactylatra''
*
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and egrets are wading birds with long necks and legs. Herons are large and egrets are smaller. The cattle egret or "cow bird" is seen amongst flocks of cattle, for instance in ranches north of the Everglades. A bird will often attach itself to a particular bull, cow or calf, even being tolerated perching on the back or even the head of the animal. The birds are more shy than the animals, and will fly away if approached. The birds feed on various items turned over by the cattle as they graze and tramp the ground. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills, members of the Ardeidae fly with their necks pulled back into a curve.
* American bittern, ''Botaurus lentiginosus''
* Least bittern, ''Ixobrychus exilis''
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tyrannidae
Tyrant flycatchers are passerines which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.
* Elaenia species, ''Elaenia'' sp. (A)
* Ash-throated flycatcher, ''Myiarchus cinerascens''
* Great crested flycatcher, ''Myiarchus crinitus''
* Brown-crested flycatcher, ''Myiarchus tyrannulus''
* Great kiskadee, ''Pitangus sulphuratus'' (A)
* La Sagra's flycatcher, ''Myiarchus sagrae'' (A)
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Vireonidae
The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerines. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills.
* White-eyed vireo, ''Vireo griseus''
* Thick-billed vireo, ''Vireo crassirostris''
* Cuban vireo, ''Vireo gundlachii'' (A)
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partly joined at the base.
* Bank swallow, ''Riparia riparia''
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae
Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mimidae
The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. They are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.
* Gray catbird, ''Dumetella carolinensis''
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.
* Eastern bluebird, ''Sialia sialis''
* Mountain bluebird, ''Sialia currucoides'' (A)
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerines. They are small to moderately large and have strong, usually conical and sometimes very large, beaks. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. They have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae
Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.
* Bachman's sparrow, ''Peucaea aestivalis''
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily:
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Parulidae
The wood warblers are a group of small, often colorful, passerines restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.
* Ovenbird, ''Seiurus aurocapilla''
*
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cardinalidae
The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.
*
Florida Ornithological SocietyNon-native birds according to Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation CommissionPictures of birds of Florida
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Birds Of Florida
This list of birds of Florida includes species documented in the U.S. state of Florida and accepted by the Florida Ornithological Society Records Committee (FOSRC). As of November 2022, there were 539 species included in the official list. Of them, 168 species and eight identifiable subspecies are classed as accidental, 18 have been introduced to North America, four are extinct
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
, and one has been extirpated. More than 100 "verifiable...exotic species refound free-flying in the wild" according to the FOSRC. Additional accidental species have been added from different sources.
This list is presented in the taxonomic sequence of the ''Check-list of North and Middle American Birds'', 7th edition through the 62nd Supplement, published by the American Ornithological Society (AOS). Common and scientific names are also those of the ''Check-list'', except that the common names of families are from the Clements taxonomy
''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' is a book by Jim Clements which presents a list of the bird species of the world.
The most recent printed version is the sixth edition (2007), but has been updated yearly, the last version in 2022 ...
because the AOS list does not include them.
The following status codes have been used to annotate some species:
*(A) Accidental - a species that occurs rarely or accidentally in Florida, and for which the FOSRC requests a full report for verification
*(I) Introduced - a species that has been introduced to North America by the actions of humans, either directly or indirectly, and has become established in Florida
*(E) Extinct - a recent bird that no longer exists
*(e) Extirpated - a species that is no longer in Florida, but exists elsewhere
Ducks, geese, and waterfowl
Order: Anseriformes
Anseriformes is an order of birds also known as waterfowl that comprises about 180 living species of birds in three families: Anhimidae (three species of screamers), Anseranatidae (the magpie goose), and Anatidae, the largest family, which in ...
Family: Anatidae
The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, flattened bills, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.
* Black-bellied whistling-duck, ''Dendrocygna autumnalis''
* Fulvous whistling-duck, ''Dendrocygna bicolor''
* Snow goose, ''Anser caerulescens''
* Ross's goose, ''Anser rossii''
* Greater white-fronted goose, ''Anser albifrons''
* Brant, ''Branta bernicla'' (A)
*Cackling goose
The cackling goose (''Branta hutchinsii'') is a species of goose found in North America.
Description
The black head and neck with white "chinstrap" distinguish this goose from all other geese except the larger Canada goose (''Branta canadensis'' ...
, ''Branta hutchinsonii'' (A)
*Canada goose
The Canada goose (''Branta canadensis''), or Canadian goose, is a large wild goose with a black head and neck, white cheeks, white under its chin, and a brown body. It is native to the arctic and temperate regions of North America, and it is o ...
, ''Branta canadensis''
* Tundra swan, ''Cygnus columbianus'' (A)
* Egyptian goose, ''Alopochen aegyptiaca'' (I)
* Muscovy duck, ''Cairina moschata'' (I)
* Wood duck, ''Aix sponsa''
* Blue-winged teal, ''Spatula discors''
* Cinnamon teal, ''Spatula cyanoptera''
* Northern shoveler, ''Spatula clypeata''
*Gadwall
The gadwall (''Mareca strepera'') is a common and widespread dabbling duck in the family Anatidae.
Taxonomy
The gadwall was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae''. DNA studies have shown that ...
, ''Mareca strepera''
* Eurasian wigeon, ''Mareca penelope''
* American wigeon, ''Mareca americana''
*Mallard
The mallard () or wild duck (''Anas platyrhynchos'') is a dabbling duck that breeds throughout the temperate and subtropical Americas, Eurasia, and North Africa, and has been introduced to New Zealand, Australia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay, Arge ...
, ''Anas platyrhynchos''
* American black duck, ''Anas rubripes''
* Mottled duck, ''Anas fulvigula''
*White-cheeked pintail
The white-cheeked pintail (''Anas bahamensis''), also known as the Bahama pintail or summer duck, is a species of dabbling duck. It was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' under its current s ...
, ''Anas bahamensis'' (A)
* Northern pintail, ''Anas acuta''
* Green-winged teal, ''Anas crecca''
** Common teal, ''A. c. crecca'' (A)
* Canvasback, ''Aythya valisineria''
* Redhead, ''Aythya americana''
* Ring-necked duck, ''Aythya collaris''
* Greater scaup, ''Aythya marila''
* Lesser scaup, ''Aythya affinis''
* King eider, ''Somateria spectabilis'' (A)
* Common eider, ''Somateria mollissima''
* Harlequin duck, ''Histrionicus histrionicus'' (A)
* Surf scoter, ''Melanitta perspicillata''
* White-winged scoter, ''Melanitta deglandi''
* Black scoter, ''Melanitta americana''
* Long-tailed duck, ''Clangula hyemalis''
*Bufflehead
The bufflehead (''Bucephala albeola'') is a small sea duck of the genus ''Bucephala'', the goldeneyes. This species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' as ''Anas albeola''.
The genus na ...
, ''Bucephala albeola''
* Common goldeneye, ''Bucephala clangula''
* Hooded merganser, ''Lophodytes cucullatus''
* Common merganser, ''Mergus merganser'' (A)
* Red-breasted merganser, ''Mergus serrator''
* Masked duck, ''Nomonyx dominicus'' (A)
* Ruddy duck, ''Oxyura jamaicensis''
New World quail
Order: GalliformesFamily: Odontophoridae The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits. * Northern bobwhite, ''Colinus virginianus''Pheasants, grouse, and allies
Order: GalliformesFamily:Phasianidae
The Phasianidae are a family (biology), family of heavy, ground-living birds, which includes pheasants, partridges, junglefowl, chickens, Turkey bird, turkeys, Old World quail, and peafowl. The family includes many of the most popular Game (hunti ...
The Phasianidae is the family containing the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial birds, variable in size but generally plump, with broad, relatively short wings. Many are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.
* Wild turkey, ''Meleagris gallopavo''
Flamingoes
Order: PhoenicopteriformesFamily: Phoenicopteridae Flamingoes are gregarious wading birds, usually tall, found in both the Western and Eastern Hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down. * American flamingo, ''Phoenicopterus ruber''Grebes
Order: PodicipediformesFamily: Podicipedidae
Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.
* Least grebe, ''Tachybaptus dominicus'' (A)
* Pied-billed grebe, ''Podilymbus podiceps''
* Horned grebe, ''Podiceps auritus''
*Red-necked grebe
The red-necked grebe (''Podiceps grisegena'') is a migratory aquatic bird found in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere. Its wintering habitat is largely restricted to calm waters just beyond the waves around ocean coasts, although ...
, ''Podiceps grisegena'' (A)
*Eared grebe
The black-necked grebe or eared grebe (''Podiceps nigricollis'') is a member of the grebe family of water birds. It was described in 1831 by Christian Ludwig Brehm. There are currently three accepted subspecies, including the nominate subspeci ...
, ''Podiceps nigricollis''
* Western grebe, ''Aechmorphorus occidentalis'' (A)
Pigeons and doves
Order: ColumbiformesFamily: Columbidae
Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks, and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.
* Rock pigeon, ''Columba livia'' (I)
* Scaly-naped pigeon, ''Patagioenas squamosa'' (A)
* White-crowned pigeon, ''Patagioenas leucocephala''
*Band-tailed pigeon
The band-tailed pigeon (''Patagioenas fasciata'') is a medium-sized bird of the Americas. Its closest relatives are the Chilean pigeon and the ring-tailed pigeon, which form a clade of ''Patagioenas'' with a terminal tail band and iridescent pl ...
, ''Patagioenas fasciata'' (A)
* Eurasian collared-dove, ''Streptopelia decaocto'' (I)
* Passenger pigeon, ''Ectopistes migratorius'' (E)
* Inca dove, ''Columbina inca'' (A)
* Common ground dove, ''Columbina passerina''
* Ruddy ground dove, ''Columbina talpacoti'' (A)
*Blue-headed quail-dove
The blue-headed quail-dove (''Starnoenas cyanocephala''), or blue-headed partridge-dove, is a species of bird in the pigeon and dove family Columbidae. It is monotypic within the subfamily Starnoenadinae and genus ''Starnoenas''.
Taxonomy
In 173 ...
, ''Starnoenas cyanocephala'' (A)
*Ruddy quail-dove
The ruddy quail-dove (''Geotrygon montana'') is a species of bird in the dove and pigeon family Columbidae. It breeds throughout the West Indies, Central America, and tropical South America. It has appeared as a vagrant in Florida and southern Te ...
, ''Geotrygon montana'' (A)
*Key West quail-dove
The Key West quail-dove (''Geotrygon chrysia'') is a species of bird from the doves and pigeon family Columbidae. It is probably most closely related to the bridled quail-dove.Baptista, L.F., Trail, P.W., Horblit, H.M., Kirwan, G.M. & Boesman, P. ...
, ''Geotrygon chrysia'' (A)
*White-tipped dove
The white-tipped dove (''Leptotila verreauxi'') is a large New World tropical dove. Its scientific name commemorates the French naturalists Jules and Edouard Verreaux.
Distribution and habitat
The dove is a resident breeder from southernmost ...
, ''Leptotila verreauxi'' (A)
* White-winged dove, ''Zenaida asiatica''
* Zenaida dove, ''Zenaida aurita'' (A)
* Mourning dove, ''Zenaida macroura''
Cuckoos
Order: CuculiformesFamily: Cuculidae
The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners, and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails, and strong legs.
* Smooth-billed ani, ''Crotophaga ani''
*Groove-billed ani
The groove-billed ani (''Crotophaga sulcirostris'') is a tropical bird in the cuckoo family with a long tail and a large, curved beak. It is a resident species throughout most of its range, from southern Texas, central Mexico and The Bahamas, thr ...
, ''Crotophaga sulcirostris''
* Dark-billed cuckoo, ''Coccyzus melacoryphus'' (A)
* Yellow-billed cuckoo, ''Coccyzus americanus''
* Mangrove cuckoo, ''Coccyzus minor''
*Black-billed cuckoo
The black-billed cuckoo (''Coccyzus erythropthalmus'') is a New World species in the Cuculidae (cuckoo) family. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. The genus name, ''kokkuzo'', means to call like a common cuckoo, and ''erythropthalmus'' i ...
, ''Coccyzus erythropthalmus''
Nightjars and allies
Order: CaprimulgiformesFamily: Caprimulgidae
Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs, and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically colored to resemble bark or leaves.
* Lesser nighthawk, ''Chordeiles acutipennis''
* Common nighthawk, ''Chordeiles minor''
* Antillean nighthawk, ''Chordeiles gundlachii''
*Chuck-will's-widow
The chuck-will's-widow (''Antrostomus carolinensis'') is a nocturnal bird of the nightjar family Caprimulgidae. It is mostly found in the southeastern United States (with disjunct populations in Long Island, New York, Ontario, Canada and Cape Cod ...
, ''Antrostomus carolinensis''
*Eastern whip-poor-will
The eastern whip-poor-will (''Antrostomus vociferus'') is a medium-sized (22–27 cm; 8.7-10.6 ins.) bird within the nightjar family, Caprimulgidae, from North America. The whip-poor-will is commonly heard within its range, but less of ...
, ''Antrostomus vociferus''
Swifts
Order: ApodiformesFamily: Apodidae The swifts are small birds, spending most of their lives flying. They have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have very long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang. *White-collared swift
The white-collared swift (''Streptoprocne zonaris'') is a species of bird in subfamily Cypseloidinae of the swift family Apodidae. It is found in Mexico, the Greater and Lesser Antilles, Trinidad, and every mainland South America country excep ...
, ''Streptoprocne zonaris'' (A)
* Chimney swift, ''Chaetura pelagica''
*Vaux's swift
Vaux's swift (''Chaetura vauxi'') is a small swift native to North America, Central America, and northern South America. It was named for the American scientist William Sansom Vaux.
Description
This is a small swift, even compared to other ''C ...
, ''Chaetura vauxi'' (A)
*White-throated swift
The white-throated swift (''Aeronautes saxatalis'') is a Swift (bird), swift of the family Apodidae native to western North America, south to cordilleran western Honduras.Ryan TP, Collins CT. 2000. White-throated Swift (''Aeronautes saxatalis''). ...
, ''Aeronautes saxatalis'' (A)
* Antillean palm-swift, ''Tachornis phoenicobia'' (A)
Hummingbirds
Order: ApodiformesFamily: Trochilidae
Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.
* Bahama woodstar, ''Calliphlox evelynae'' (A)
*Green-breasted mango
The green-breasted mango or Prevost's mango (''Anthracothorax prevostii'') is a species in subfamily Polytminae of the hummingbird family Trochilidae. It is found from eastern Mexico south through most of Central America, in Colombia and Venez ...
, ''Anthracothorax prevostii'' (A)
* Ruby-throated hummingbird, ''Archilochus colubris''
* Black-chinned hummingbird, ''Archilochus alexandri''
*Anna's hummingbird
Anna's hummingbird (''Calypte anna'') is a medium-sized bird species of the family Trochilidae. It was named after Anna Masséna, Duchess of Rivoli.
It is native to western coastal regions of North America. In the early 20th century, Anna's hu ...
, ''Calypte anna'' (A)
*Costa's hummingbird
Costa's hummingbird (''Calypte costae'') is a bird species in the hummingbird family Trochilidae. It breeds in the arid region of the southwest United States and northwest Mexico; it winters in western Mexico.
Taxonomy
Costa's hummingbird was f ...
, ''Calypte costae'' (A)
*Calliope hummingbird
The calliope hummingbird ( ; ''Selasphorus calliope'') is the smallest bird native to the United States and Canada. It has a western breeding range mainly from California to British Columbia, and migrates to the Southwestern United States, Mexic ...
, ''Selasphorus calliope'' (A)
*Rufous hummingbird
The rufous hummingbird (''Selasphorus rufus'') is a small hummingbird, about long with a long, straight and slender bill. These birds are known for their extraordinary flight skills, flying during their migratory transits. It is one of nine sp ...
, ''Selasphorus rufus''
* Allen's hummingbird, ''Selasphorus sasin'' (A)
* Broad-tailed hummingbird, ''Selasphorus platycercus'' (A)
*Broad-billed hummingbird
The broad-billed hummingbird (''Cynanthus latirostris'') is a small-sized hummingbird that resides in Mexico and the southwestern United States. The bird displays sexual dimorphism, and the juveniles resemble the female adult more than the male a ...
, ''Cynanthus latirostris'' (A)
* White-eared hummingbird, ''Basilinna leucotis'' (A)
* Antillean crested hummingbird, ''Orthorhyncus cristatus'' (A)
*Buff-bellied hummingbird
The buff-bellied hummingbird (''Amazilia yucatanensis'') is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is found in Belize, Guatemala, Mexico, and the United States.HBW and BirdLife Internation ...
, ''Amazila yucatanensis''
Rails, gallinules, and coots
Order: Gruiformes
The Gruiformes are an order (biology), order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird family (biology), families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like".
Traditionally, a number of wading and t ...
Family: Rallidae
The Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots, and gallinules. The most typical family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps, or rivers. In general they are shy and secretive, making them difficult to observe. Most have strong legs with long toes, short rounded wings, and are weak fliers.
* Clapper rail, ''Rallus crepitans''
*King rail
The king rail (''Rallus elegans'') is a waterbird, the largest North American rail.
Description
Distinct features are a long bill with a slight downward curve, with adults being brown on the back and rusty-brown on the face and breast with a da ...
, ''Rallus elegans''
*Virginia rail
The Virginia rail (''Rallus limicola'') is a small waterbird, of the family Rallidae.
These birds remain fairly common despite continuing loss of habitat, but are secretive by nature and more often heard than seen. They are also considered a ga ...
, ''Rallus limicola''
* Sora, ''Porzana carolina''
* Common gallinule, ''Gallinula galeata''
* American coot, ''Fulica americana''
*Purple gallinule Purple gallinule is an alternative name for two species of birds in the rail family. It can refer to:
* Purple swamphen, a group of closely related species of swamphen of the Old World
* American purple gallinule
The purple gallinule (''Porphyr ...
, ''Porphyrio martinicus''
*Purple swamphen The purple swamphen has been split into the following species:
* Western swamphen, ''Porphyrio porphyrio'', southwest Europe and northwest Africa
* African swamphen, ''Porphyrio madagascariensis'', sub-Saharan continental Africa and Madagascar
* Gr ...
, ''Porphyrio poliocephalus'' (I)
* Yellow rail, ''Coturnicops noveboracensis'' (A)
* Black rail, ''Laterallus jamaicensis''
Limpkin
Order:Gruiformes
The Gruiformes are an order (biology), order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird family (biology), families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like".
Traditionally, a number of wading and t ...
Family: Aramidae
The limpkin is an odd bird that looks like a large rail, but is skeletally closer to the cranes
Crane or cranes may refer to:
Common meanings
* Crane (bird), a large, long-necked bird
* Crane (machine), industrial machinery for lifting
** Crane (rail), a crane suited for use on railroads
People and fictional characters
* Crane (surname), ...
. It is found in marshes with some trees or scrub in the Caribbean
The Caribbean (, ) ( es, El Caribe; french: la Caraïbe; ht, Karayib; nl, De Caraïben) is a region of the Americas that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Se ...
, South America, and southern Florida.
* Limpkin, ''Aramus guarauna''
Cranes
Order: Gruiformes
The Gruiformes are an order (biology), order containing a considerable number of living and extinct bird family (biology), families, with a widespread geographical diversity. Gruiform means "crane-like".
Traditionally, a number of wading and t ...
Family: Gruidae
Cranes are large, tall birds with long legs and long necks. Unlike the similar-looking but un-related herons, cranes fly with necks extended. Most have elaborate and noisy courtship displays or "dances". When in a group, they may also "dance" for no particular reason, jumping up and down in an elegant manner, seemingly just for pleasure or to attract a mate.
* Sandhill crane, ''Antigone canadensis''
* Whooping crane, ''Grus americana'' (reintroduced)
Stilts and avocets
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Recurvirostridae Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills. *Black-necked stilt
The black-necked stilt (''Himantopus mexicanus'') is a locally abundant shorebird of American wetlands and coastlines. It is found from the coastal areas of California through much of the interior western United States and along the Gulf of Mexic ...
, ''Himantopus mexicanus''
* American avocet, ''Recurvirostra americana''
Oystercatchers
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Haematopodidae The oystercatchers are large, conspicuous, and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prising openmollusc
Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...
s.
* American oystercatcher, ''Haematopus palliatus''
Lapwings and plovers
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Charadriidae
The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels, and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short thick necks, and long, usually pointed, wings. They are generally found in open country, mostly in habitats near water.
* Southern lapwing, ''Vanellus chilensis'' (A)
*Northern lapwing
The northern lapwing (''Vanellus vanellus''), also known as the peewit or pewit, tuit or tew-it, green plover, or (in Ireland and Britain) pyewipe or just lapwing, is a bird in the lapwing subfamily. It is common through temperate Eurosiberia. ...
, ''Vanellus vanellus'' (A)
* Black-bellied plover, ''Pluvialis squatarola''
*American golden-plover
The American golden plover (''Pluvialis dominica''), is a medium-sized plover. The genus name is Latin and means relating to rain, from ''pluvia'', "rain". It was believed that golden plovers flocked when rain was imminent. The species name ''d ...
, ''Pluviali dominicas ''
* Pacific golden-plover, ''Pluvialis fulva'' (A)
* Killdeer, ''Charadrius vociferus''
* Semipalmated plover, ''Charadrius semipalmatus''
*Piping plover
The piping plover (''Charadrius melodus'') is a small sand-colored, sparrow-sized shorebird that nests and feeds along coastal sand and gravel beaches in North America. The adult has yellow-orange-red legs, a black band across the forehead from e ...
, ''Charadrius melodus''
*Lesser sand-plover
The lesser sand plover (''Charadrius mongolus'') is a small wader in the plover family of birds. The spelling is commonly given as lesser sand-plover, but the official British Ornithologists' Union spelling is "lesser sand plover". The genus ...
, ''Charadrius mongolus'' (A)
* Greater sand-plover, ''Charadrius leschenaultii'' (A)
* Wilson's plover, ''Charadrius wilsonia''
* Snowy plover, ''Charadrius nivosus''
* Mountain plover, ''Charadrius montanus'' (A)
Jacanas
Order: CharadriiformesFamily:Jacanidae
The jacanas (sometimes referred to as Jesus birds or lily trotters) are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found in the tropical regions around the world. They are noted for their elongated toes and toenails that allow ...
The jacanas are a family of waders found worldwide within the tropical zone. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.
*Northern jacana
The northern jacana or northern jaçana (''Jacana spinosa'') is a wader which is known as a resident breeder from coastal Mexico to western Panama, and on Cuba, Jamaica and Hispaniola in the Caribbean. It sometimes known to breed in Texas, United ...
, ''Jacana spinosa'' (A)
Sandpipers and allies
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Scolopacidae
Sandpipers are a large family, Scolopacidae, of waders. They include many species called sandpipers, as well as those called by names such as curlew and snipe. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. ...
Scolopacidae is a large and diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds which includes the sandpipers, curlews, godwits, shanks, tattlers, woodcocks, snipes, dowitchers, and phalaropes. Most eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or sand. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without direct competition for food.
* Upland sandpiper, ''Bartramia longicauda''
* Whimbrel, ''Numenius phaeopus''
*Long-billed curlew
The long-billed curlew (''Numenius americanus'') is a large North American shorebird of the family Scolopacidae. This species was also called "sicklebird" and the "candlestick bird". The species breeds in central and western North America, migrat ...
, ''Numenius americanus''
* Bar-tailed godwit, ''Limosa lapponica'' (A)
*Black-tailed godwit
The black-tailed godwit (''Limosa limosa'') is a large, long-legged, long-billed shorebird first described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. It is a member of the godwit genus, ''Limosa''. There are four subspecies, all with orange head, neck and chest ...
, ''Limosa limosa'' (A)
*Hudsonian godwit
The Hudsonian godwit (''Limosa haemastica'') is a large shorebird in the sandpiper family, Scolopacidae. The genus name ''Limosa'' is from Latin and means "muddy", from ''limus'', "mud". The specific ''haemastica'' is from Ancient Greek and means ...
, ''Limosa haemastica''
*Marbled godwit
The marbled godwit (''Limosa fedoa'') is a large migratory shorebird in the family Scolopacidae. On average, it is the largest of the four species of godwit.
Taxonomy
In 1750 the English naturalist George Edwards included an illustration and a ...
, ''Limosa fedoa''
* Ruddy turnstone, ''Arenaria interpres''
* Red knot, ''Calidris canutus''
*Surfbird
The surfbird (''Calidris virgata'') is a small stocky wader in the family Scolopacidae. It was once considered to be allied to the turnstones, and placed in the monotypic genus ''Aphriza'', but is now placed in the genus ''Calidris''.
This bird ...
, ''Calidris virgata'' (A)
*Ruff
Ruff may refer to:
Places
*Ruff, Virginia, United States, an unincorporated community
*Ruff, Washington, United States, an unincorporated community
Other uses
*Ruff (bird) (''Calidris pugnax'' or ''Philomachus pugnax''), a bird in the wader fami ...
, ''Calidris pugnax''
* Sharp-tailed sandpiper, ''Calidris acuminata'' (A)
* Stilt sandpiper, ''Calidris himantopus''
* Curlew sandpiper, ''Calidris ferruginea'' (A)
* Red-necked stint, ''Calidris ruficollis'' (A)
* Sanderling, ''Calidris alba''
*Dunlin
The dunlin (''Calidris alpina'') is a small wader, formerly sometimes separated with the other "stints" in the genus ''Erolia''. The English name is a dialect form of "dunling", first recorded in 1531–1532. It derives from ''dun'', "dull brown ...
, ''Calidris alpina''
* Purple sandpiper, ''Calidris maritima''
* Baird's sandpiper, ''Calidris bairdii''
* Least sandpiper, ''Calidris minutilla''
*White-rumped sandpiper
The white-rumped sandpiper (''Calidris fuscicollis'') is a small shorebird that breeds in the northern tundra of Canada and Alaska. This bird can be difficult to distinguish from other similar tiny shorebirds; these are known collectively as "pee ...
, ''Calidris fuscicollis''
*Buff-breasted sandpiper
The buff-breasted sandpiper (''Calidris subruficollis'') is a small wader, shorebird. The species name ''subruficollis'' is from Latin ''subrufus'', "reddish" (from ''sub'', "somewhat", and ''rufus'', "rufous") and ''collis'', "-necked/-throated" ...
, ''Calidris subruficollis''
* Pectoral sandpiper, ''Calidris melanotos''
* Semipalmated sandpiper, ''Calidris pusilla''
* Western sandpiper, ''Calidris mauri''
* Short-billed dowitcher, ''Limnodromus griseus''
* Long-billed dowitcher, ''Limnodromus scolopaceus''
* American woodcock, ''Scolopax minor''
* Wilson's snipe, ''Gallinago delicata''
*Spotted sandpiper
The spotted sandpiper (''Actitis macularius'') is a small shorebird. Together with its sister species the common sandpiper (''A. hypoleucos''), it makes up the genus ''Actitis''. They replace each other geographically; stray birds may settle dow ...
, ''Actitis macularius''
*Solitary sandpiper
The solitary sandpiper (''Tringa solitaria'') is a small shorebird. The genus name ''Tringa'' is the New Latin name given to the green sandpiper by Aldrovandus in 1599 based on Ancient Greek ''trungas'', a thrush-sized, white-rumped, tail-bobbin ...
, ''Tringa solitaria''
*Gray-tailed tattler
The grey-tailed tattler (''Tringa brevipes'', formerly ''Heteroscelus brevipes''Banks, Richard C.; Cicero, Carla; Dunn, Jon L.; Kratter, Andrew W.; Rasmussen, Pamela C.; Remsen, J. V. Jr.; Rising, James D. & Stotz, Douglas F. (2006):Forty-seventh ...
, ''Tringa brevipes'' (A)
* Lesser yellowlegs, ''Tringa flavipes''
* Willet, ''Tringa semipalmata''
* Common greenshank, ''Tringa nebularia'' (A)
* Greater yellowlegs, ''Tringa melanoleuca''
* Wilson's phalarope, ''Phalaropus tricolor''
* Red-necked phalarope, ''Phalaropus lobatus''
* Red phalarope, ''Phalaropus fulicarius''
Skuas and jaegers
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Stercorariidae
Skuas are medium to large seabirds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.
* South polar skua, ''Stercorarius maccormicki'' (A)
*Pomarine jaeger
The pomarine jaeger (''Stercorarius pomarinus''), pomarine skua, or pomatorhine skua, is a seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae. It is a migrant, wintering at sea in the tropical oceans.
Taxonomy
Its relationships are not fully resolved; i ...
, ''Stercorarius pomarinus''
*Parasitic jaeger
The parasitic jaeger (''Stercorarius parasiticus''), also known as the Arctic skua, Arctic jaeger or parasitic skua, is a seabird in the skua family Stercorariidae. It is a migratory species that breeds in Northern Scandinavia, Scotland, Iceland, ...
, ''Stercorarius parasiticus''
* Long-tailed jaeger, ''Stercorarius longicaudus''
Auks, murres, and puffins
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Alcidae Alcids are superficially similar topenguin
Penguins (order (biology), order List of Sphenisciformes by population, Sphenisciformes , family (biology), family Spheniscidae ) are a group of Water bird, aquatic flightless birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere: on ...
s due to their black-and-white colors, their upright posture, and some of their habits; however they are not closely related to penguins and are (with one extinct exception) able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to breed.
*Dovekie
The little auk or dovekie (''Alle alle'') is a small auk, the only member of the genus ''Alle''. ''Alle'' is the Sami name of the long-tailed duck; it is onomatopoeic and imitates the call of the drake duck. Linnaeus was not particularly famil ...
, ''Alle alle'' (A)
* Common murre, ''Uria aalge'' (A)
*Thick-billed murre
The thick-billed murre or Brünnich's guillemot (''Uria lomvia'') is a bird in the auk family (Alcidae). This bird is named after the Danish zoologist Morten Thrane Brünnich. The very deeply black North Pacific subspecies ''Uria lomvia arra'' i ...
, ''Uria lomvia'' (A)
* Razorbill, ''Alca torda'' (A)
*Long-billed murrelet
The long-billed murrelet (''Brachyramphus perdix'') is a small seabird from the North Pacific. The genus name ''Brachyramphus'' is from Ancient Greek ''brakhus'', "short", and ''rhamphos'', "bill". The species name ''perdix'' is Latin for "partr ...
, ''Brachyrampus perdix'' (A)
* Ancient murrelet, ''Synthliboramphus antiquus'' (A)
*Atlantic puffin
The Atlantic puffin ('), also known as the common puffin, is a species of seabird in the auk family. It is the only puffin native to the Atlantic Ocean; two related species, the tufted puffin and the horned puffin is found in the northeastern ...
, ''Fratercula arctica'' (A)
Gulls, terns, and skimmers
Order: CharadriiformesFamily: Laridae
The Laridae are a family of medium to large seabirds and containing the gulls, terns, kittiwakes, and skimmers. They are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.
*Black-legged kittiwake
The black-legged kittiwake (''Rissa tridactyla'') is a seabird species in the gull family Laridae.
This species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his landmark 1758 10th edition of ''Systema Naturae'' as ''Larus tridactylus''. The English ...
, ''Rissa tridactyla'' (A)
* Sabine's gull, ''Xema sabini''
* Bonaparte's gull, ''Chroicocephalus philadelphia''
* Gray-hooded gull, ''Chroicocephalus cirrocephhalus'' (A)
* Black-headed gull, ''Chroicocephalus ridibundus'' (A)
* Little gull, ''Hydrocoleus minutus'' (A)
* Laughing gull, ''Leucophaeus atricilla''
*Franklin's gull
Franklin's gull (''Leucophaeus pipixcan'') is a small (length 12.6–14.2 in, 32–36 cm) gull. The genus name ''Leucophaeus'' is from Ancient Greek ''leukos'', "white", and ''phaios'', "dusky". The specific ''pipixcan'' is a Nahuatl name fo ...
, ''Leucophaeus pipixcan''
*Belcher's gull
Belcher's gull (''Larus belcheri''), also known as the band-tailed gull, is a bird in the family Laridae found along the Pacific coast of South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the ...
, ''Larus belcheri'' (A)
* Black-tailed gull, ''Larus crassirostris'' (A)
* Heermann's gull, ''Larus heermanni'' (A)
* Ring-billed gull, ''Larus delawarensis''
* California gull, ''Larus californicus'' (A)
* Herring gull, ''Larus argentatus''
** "Vega gull", ''L. a. vega'' (A)
*Iceland gull
The Iceland gull (''Larus glaucoides'') is a medium-sized gull that breeds in the Arctic regions of Canada and Greenland, but not in Iceland (as its name suggests), where it is only seen during winter. The genus name is from Latin ''larus'', whic ...
, ''Larus glaucoides''
**"Nominate Iceland gull", ''L. g. glaucoides'' (A)
** Thayer's gull, ''L. g. thayeri'' (A)
* Lesser black-backed gull, ''Larus fuscus''
*Slaty-backed gull
The slaty-backed gull (''Larus schistisagus'') is a large, white-headed gull that breeds on the north-eastern coast of the Palearctic, but travels widely during nonbreeding seasons. It is similar in appearance to the western gull and the glaucou ...
, ''Larus schistisagus'' (A)
*Glaucous gull
The glaucous gull (''Larus hyperboreus'') is a large gull, the second-largest gull in the world. It breeds in Arctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere and winters south to shores of the Holarctic. The genus name is from Latin ''larus'', which a ...
, ''Larus hyperboreus''
* Great black-backed gull, ''Larus marinus''
* Kelp gull, ''Larus dominicanus'' (A)
* Brown noddy, ''Anous stolidus''
* Black noddy, ''Anous minutus''
*Sooty tern
The sooty tern (''Onychoprion fuscatus'') is a seabird in the family Laridae. It is a bird of the tropical oceans, returning to land only to breed on islands throughout the equatorial zone.
Taxonomy
The sooty tern was described by Carl Linnaeu ...
, ''Onychoprion fuscata''
*Bridled tern
The bridled tern (''Onychoprion anaethetus'') is a seabird of the family Laridae. It is a bird of the tropical oceans. The scientific name is from Ancient Greek. The genus comes from ' meaning "claw" or "nail", and , meaning "saw". The specific ...
, ''Onychoprion anaethetus''
* Least tern, ''Sternula antillarum''
* Gull-billed tern, ''Gelochelidon nilotica''
* Caspian tern, ''Hydroprogne caspia''
* Black tern, ''Chlidonias niger''
*Roseate tern
The roseate tern (''Sterna dougallii'') is a species of tern in the family Laridae. The genus name ''Sterna'' is derived from Old English "stearn", "tern", and the specific ''dougallii'' refers to Scottish physician and collector Dr Peter McDoug ...
, ''Sterna dougallii''
* Common tern, ''Sterna hirundo''
*Arctic tern
The Arctic tern (''Sterna paradisaea'') is a tern in the family Laridae. This bird has a circumpolar breeding distribution covering the Arctic and sub-Arctic regions of Europe (as far south as Brittany), Asia, and North America (as far south a ...
, ''Sterna paradisaea''
* Forster's tern, ''Sterna forsteri''
*Royal tern
The royal tern (''Thalasseus maximus'') is a tern in the family Laridae. The species is endemic to the Americas, though strays have been identified in Europe.Buckley, P. A. and F. G. Buckley (2020). Royal Tern (Thalasseus maximus), version 1.0. ...
, ''Thalasseus maxima''
* Sandwich tern, ''Thalasseus sandvicensis''
**"Cayenne tern", ''T. s. eurygnathus'' (A)
* Elegant tern, ''Thalasseus elegans'' (A)
*Black skimmer
The black skimmer (''Rynchops niger'') is a tern-like seabird, one of three similar birds species in the skimmer genus ''Rynchops'' in the gull family Laridae. It breeds in North and South America. Northern populations winter in the warmer water ...
, ''Rynchops niger''
Tropicbirds
Order: PhaethontiformesFamily: Phaethontidae Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head. * White-tailed tropicbird, ''Phaethon lepturus'' * Red-billed tropicbird, ''Phaeton aethereus'' (A)Loons
Order:Gaviiformes
Gaviiformes is an order of aquatic birds containing the loons or divers and their closest extinct relatives. Modern gaviiformes are found in many parts of North America and northern Eurasia (Europe, Asia and debatably Africa), though prehistori ...
Family: Gaviidae
Loons are aquatic birds the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely gray or black and they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well and fly adequately but, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body, are clumsy on land.
* Red-throated loon, ''Gavia stellata''
*Pacific loon
The Pacific loon or Pacific diver (''Gavia pacifica''), is a medium-sized member of the loon, or diver, family.
Taxonomy and etymology
The Pacific loon, previously considered conspecific with the similar black-throated loon, was classified as ...
, ''Gavia pacifica'' (A)
* Common loon, ''Gavia immer''
Albatrosses
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Diomedeidae Albatrosses are among the largest offlying
Flying may refer to:
* Flight, the process of flying
* Aviation, the creation and operation of aircraft
Music
Albums
* ''Flying'' (Grammatrain album), 1997
* ''Flying'' (Jonathan Fagerlund album), 2008
* ''Flying'' (UFO album), 1971
* ''Fl ...
birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus ''Diomedea'' have the largest wingspans of any extant birds.
* Yellow-nosed albatross, ''Thalassarche chlororhynchos'' (A)
Southern storm-petrels
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Oceanitidae
Austral storm petrels, or southern storm petrels, are seabirds in the family Oceanitidae, part of the order Procellariiformes. These smallest of seabirds feed on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hove ...
The storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. Until 2018, this family's three species were included with the other storm-petrels in family Hydrobatidae.
* Wilson's storm-petrel, ''Oceanites oceanicus''
Northern storm-petrels
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Hydrobatidae Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family. * European storm-petrel, ''Hydrobates pelagicus'' (A) *Leach's storm-petrel
Leach's storm petrel or Leach's petrel (''Hydrobates leucorhous'') is a small seabird of the tubenose order. It is named after the British zoologist William Elford Leach. The scientific name is derived from Ancient Greek. ''Hydrobates'' is from ...
, ''Hydrobates leucorhous''
*Band-rumped storm-petrel
The band-rumped storm petrel, Madeiran storm petrel, or Harcourt's storm petrel (''Hydrobates castro'') is of the storm petrel family Hydrobatidae.
Description
The band-rumped storm petrel is 19–21 cm in length with a 43–46 cm wi ...
, ''Hydrobates castro''
Shearwaters and petrels
Order: ProcellariiformesFamily: Procellariidae
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united tubular nostrils with a median septum
In biology, a septum (Latin for ''something that encloses''; plural septa) is a wall, dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones. A cavity or structure divided in this way may be referred to as septate.
Examples
Human anatomy
* Interatri ...
.
*Northern fulmar
The northern fulmar (''Fulmarus glacialis''), fulmar, or Arctic fulmar is a highly abundant seabird found primarily in subarctic regions of the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans. There has been one confirmed sighting in the Southern Hemis ...
, ''Fulmarus glacialis'' (A)
* Black-capped petrel, ''Pterodoma hasitata''
*Fea's petrel
The Fea's petrel (''Pterodroma feae'') is a small seabird in the gadfly petrel genus, '' Pterodroma''. It was previously considered to be a subspecies of the soft-plumaged petrel (''P. mollis''), but they are actually not closely related at al ...
, ''Pterodroma feae'' (A)
* Bulwer's petrel, ''Bulweria bulwerii'' (A)
* Cory's shearwater, ''Calonectris diomedea''
* Wedge-tailed shearwater, ''Ardenna pacifica'' (A)
*Short-tailed shearwater
The short-tailed shearwater or slender-billed shearwater (''Ardenna tenuirostris''; formerly ''Puffinus tenuirostris''), also called yolla or moonbird, and commonly known as the muttonbird in Australia, is the most abundant seabird species in A ...
, ''Ardenna tenuirostris'' (A)
* Sooty shearwater, ''Ardenna griseus''
* Great shearwater, ''Ardenna gravis''
*Manx shearwater
The Manx shearwater (''Puffinus puffinus'') is a medium-sized shearwater in the seabird family Procellariidae. The scientific name of this species records a name shift: Manx shearwaters were called Manks puffins in the 17th century. Puffin is an ...
, ''Puffinus puffinus'' (A)
*Audubon's shearwater
Audubon's shearwater (''Puffinus lherminieri'') is a common tropical seabird in the petrel family. Sometimes known as the dusky-backed shearwater,Carboneras (1992) the specific epithet honours the French naturalist Félix Louis L'Herminier.
Cer ...
, ''Puffinus lherminieri''
Storks
Order: CiconiiformesFamily: Ciconiidae Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They lack the powder down that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills and ibises use to clean off fish slime. Storks lack a pharynx and are mute. * Wood stork, ''Mycteria americana''Frigatebirds
Order: SuliformesFamily: Fregatidae Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black, or black-and-white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week. * Magnificent frigatebird, ''Fregata magnificens''Boobies and gannets
Order: SuliformesFamily: Sulidae
The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.
* Masked booby, ''Sula dactylatra''
*Brown booby
The brown booby (''Sula leucogaster'') is a large seabird of the booby family Sulidae, of which it is perhaps the most common and widespread species. It has a pantropical range, which overlaps with that of other booby species. The gregarious brow ...
, ''Sula leucogaster''
*Red-footed booby
The red-footed booby (''Sula sula'') is a large seabird of the booby family, Sulidae. Adults always have red feet, but the colour of the plumage varies. They are powerful and agile fliers, but they are clumsy in takeoffs and landings. They are f ...
, ''Sula sula'' (A)
* Northern gannet, ''Morus bassanus''
Anhingas
Order: SuliformesFamily: Anhingidae Anhingas, also known as darters or snakebirds, are cormorant-like water birds with long necks and long, straight beaks. They are fish eaters, diving for long periods, and often swim with only their neck above the water, looking rather like a water snake. * Anhinga, ''Anhinga anhinga''Cormorants and shags
Order: SuliformesFamily: Phalacrocoracidae Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of colored skin on the face. The bill is long, thin, and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed. * Great cormorant, ''Phalacrocorax carbo'' (A) * Double-crested cormorant, ''Nannopterum auritum'' * Neotropic cormorant, ''Nannopterum brasilianum''Pelicans
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Pelecanidae Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes. *American white pelican
The American white pelican (''Pelecanus erythrorhynchos'') is a large aquatic soaring bird from the order Pelecaniformes. It breeds in interior North America, moving south and to the coasts, as far as Central America and South America, in winte ...
, ''Pelecanus erythrorhynchos''
* Brown pelican, ''Pelecanus occidentalis''
Herons, egrets, and bitterns
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Ardeidae
The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets, and bitterns. Herons and egrets are wading birds with long necks and legs. Herons are large and egrets are smaller. The cattle egret or "cow bird" is seen amongst flocks of cattle, for instance in ranches north of the Everglades. A bird will often attach itself to a particular bull, cow or calf, even being tolerated perching on the back or even the head of the animal. The birds are more shy than the animals, and will fly away if approached. The birds feed on various items turned over by the cattle as they graze and tramp the ground. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises, and spoonbills, members of the Ardeidae fly with their necks pulled back into a curve.
* American bittern, ''Botaurus lentiginosus''
* Least bittern, ''Ixobrychus exilis''
*Great blue heron
The great blue heron (''Ardea herodias'') is a large wading bird in the heron family Ardeidae, common near the shores of open water and in wetlands over most of North America and Central America, as well as the Caribbean and the Galápagos ...
, ''Ardea herodias''
* Great egret, ''Ardea alba''
*Snowy egret
The snowy egret (''Egretta thula'') is a small white heron. The genus name comes from Provençal French for the little egret, , which is a diminutive of , 'heron'. The species name ''thula'' is the Araucano term for the black-necked swan, app ...
, ''Egretta thula''
* Little blue heron, ''Egretta caerulea''
* Tricolored heron, ''Egretta tricolor''
*Reddish egret
The reddish egret (''Egretta rufescens'') is a medium-sized heron that is a resident breeder in Central America, The Bahamas, the Caribbean, the Gulf Coast of the United States (primarily Texas), and Mexico. The egret is known for its unusual ...
, ''Egretta rufescens''
*Cattle egret
The cattle egret (''Bubulcus ibis'') is a cosmopolitan species of heron (family Ardeidae) found in the tropics, subtropics, and warm-temperate zones. It is the only member of the monotypic genus ''Bubulcus'', although some authorities regard it ...
, ''Bubulcus ibis''
*Green heron
The green heron (''Butorides virescens'') is a small heron of North and Central America. ''Butorides'' is from Middle English ''butor'' "bittern" and Ancient Greek ''-oides'', "resembling", and ''virescens'' is Latin for "greenish".
It was long c ...
, ''Butorides virescens''
*Black-crowned night-heron
The black-crowned night heron (''Nycticorax nycticorax''), or black-capped night heron, commonly shortened to just night heron in Eurasia, is a medium-sized heron found throughout a large part of the world, including parts of Europe, Asia, and ...
, ''Nycticorax nycticorax''
* Yellow-crowned night-heron, ''Nyctanassa violacea''
Ibises and spoonbills
Order: PelecaniformesFamily: Threskiornithidae The family Threskiornithidae includes the ibises and spoonbills. They have long, broad wings. Their bodies are elongated, the neck more so, with long legs. The bill is also long, curved downward in the ibises, straight and markedly flattened in the spoonbills. * White ibis, ''Eudocimus albus'' * Scarlet ibis, ''Eudocimus ruber'' (A) * Glossy ibis, ''Plegadis falcinellus'' *White-faced ibis
The white-faced ibis (''Plegadis chihi'') is a wading bird in the ibis family, Threskiornithidae.
This species breeds colonially in marshes, usually nesting in bushes or low trees. Its breeding range extends from the western United States south ...
, ''Plegadis chihi''
* Roseate spoonbill, ''Platalea ajaja''
New World vultures
Order: CathartiformesFamily:Cathartidae
The New World vulture or condor family, Cathartidae, contains seven extant species in five genera. It includes five extant vultures and two extant condors found in warm and temperate areas of the Americas. The "New World" vultures were widespread ...
New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. Unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses. The turkey vulture has a red head. The black vulture has a grey head. Although not a water bird, a flock of black vultures at the Myakka River State Park, southeast of Sarasota, has been seen bathing at the edge of the lake and then drying out their wings in the same way as cormorants like the Florida anhinga. This habit may help free them of parasites.
* Black vulture, ''Coragyps atratus''
* Turkey vulture, ''Cathartes aura''
Osprey
Order: AccipitriformesFamily:Pandionidae
''Pandion'' is a genus of birds of prey, known as ospreys, the only genus of family Pandionidae. Most taxonomic treatments have regarded this genus as describing a single extant species, separated to subspecies or races, while some treatments rec ...
Pandionidae is a family of fish-eating birds of prey possessing a very large, powerful hooked beak for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. The family is monotypic.
* Osprey, ''Pandion haliaetus''
Hawks, eagles, and kites
Order: AccipitriformesFamily: Accipitridae Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey that includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers, and Old World vultures. They have very large, hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons, and keen eyesight. * White-tailed kite, ''Elanus leucurus'' *Hook-billed kite
The hook-billed kite (''Chondrohierax uncinatus''), is a bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors such as kites, eagles, and harriers. It occurs in the Americas
The Americas, which are som ...
, ''Chondrohierax uncinatus'' (A)
* Swallow-tailed kite, ''Elanoides forficatus''
* Golden eagle, ''Aquila chrysaetos'' (A)
*Double-toothed kite
The double-toothed kite (''Harpagus bidentatus'') is a species of bird of prey in subfamily Accipitrinae, the "true" hawks, of family Accipitridae. It is found from central Mexico through Central America into much of northern and eastern South ...
, ''Harpagus bidentatus'' (A)
*Northern harrier
The northern harrier (''Circus hudsonius''), or ring-tailed hawk, is a bird of prey. It breeds throughout the northern parts of the northern hemisphere in Canada and the northernmost USA.
The northern harrier migrates to more southerly areas ...
, ''Circus hudsonius''
* Sharp-shinned hawk, ''Accipiter striatus''
* Cooper's hawk, ''Accipiter cooperii''
*Northern goshawk
The northern goshawk (; ''Accipiter gentilis'') is a species of medium-large bird of prey, raptor in the Family (biology), family Accipitridae, a family which also includes other extant diurnal raptors, such as eagles, buzzards and harrier (bird) ...
, ''Accipiter gentilis'' (A)
*Bald eagle
The bald eagle (''Haliaeetus leucocephalus'') is a bird of prey found in North America. A sea eagle, it has two known subspecies and forms a species pair with the white-tailed eagle (''Haliaeetus albicilla''), which occupies the same niche as ...
, ''Haliaeetus leucocephalus''
* Mississippi kite, ''Ictinia mississippiensis''
* Snail kite, ''Rostrhamus sociabilis''
* Great black hawk, ''Buteogallus urubitinga'' (A)
* Red-shouldered hawk, ''Buteo lineatus''
* Broad-winged hawk, ''Buteo platypterus''
*Short-tailed hawk
The short-tailed hawk (''Buteo brachyurus'') is an American bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes the eagles and Old World vultures. As a member of the genus ''Buteo'', it is not a true hawk and thus also referred to as a ...
, ''Buteo brachyurus''
* Swainson's hawk, ''Buteo swainsoni''
*Zone-tailed hawk
The zone-tailed hawk (''Buteo albonotatus'') is a medium-sized buzzard, hawk of warm, dry parts of the Americas. It is somewhat similar in plumage and flight style to a common scavenger, the turkey vulture, and may benefit from being able to blen ...
, ''Buteo albonotatus'' (A)
* Red-tailed hawk, ''Buteo jamaicensis''
** Harlan's hawk, ''B. j. harlani''
*Rough-legged hawk
The rough-legged buzzard or rough-legged hawk (''Buteo lagopus'') is a medium-large bird of prey. It is found in Arctic and Subarctic regions of North America, Europe, and Russia during the breeding season and migrates south for the winter. It ...
, ''Buteo lagopus'' (A)
* Ferruginous hawk, ''Buteo regalis'' (A)
Barn-owls
Order: StrigiformesFamily: Tytonidae Barn-owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long strong legs with powerful talons. *Barn owl
The barn owl (''Tyto alba'') is the most widely distributed species of owl in the world and one of the most widespread of all species of birds, being found almost everywhere except for the polar and desert regions, Asia north of the Himalaya ...
, ''Tyto alba''
Owls
Order: StrigiformesFamily: Strigidae Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak, and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk. *Flammulated owl
The flammulated owl (''Psiloscops flammeolus'') is a small migratory North American owl in the family Strigidae. It is the only species placed in the genus ''Psiloscops''.
Taxonomy
The flammulated owl was formally described in 1852 by the Germ ...
, ''Psiloscops flammeolus'' (A)
*Eastern screech-owl
The eastern screech owl (''Megascops asio'') or eastern screech-owl, is a small owl that is relatively common in Eastern North America, from Mexico to Canada. This species is native to most wooded environments of its distribution, and more so th ...
, ''Megascops asio''
* Great horned owl, ''Bubo virginianus''
* Snowy owl, ''Bubo scandiacus'' (A)
* Burrowing owl, ''Athene cunicularia''
* Barred owl, ''Strix varia''
* Long-eared owl, ''Asio otus'' (A)
* Stygian owl, ''Asio stygius'' (A)
*Short-eared owl
The short-eared owl (''Asio flammeus'') is a widespread grassland species in the family Strigidae. Owls belonging to genus ''Asio'' are known as the eared owls, as they have tufts of feathers resembling mammalian ears. These "ear" tufts may or ...
, ''Asio flammeus''
* Northern saw-whet owl, ''Aegolius acadicus'' (A)
Kingfishers
Order: CoraciiformesFamily: Alcedinidae Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long pointed bills, short legs, and stubby tails. *Ringed kingfisher
The ringed kingfisher (''Megaceryle torquata'') is a large, conspicuous and noisy kingfisher bird commonly found along the lower Rio Grande valley in southeasternmost Texas in the United States through Central America to Tierra del Fuego in Sout ...
, ''Megaceryle torquata'' (A)
*Belted kingfisher
The belted kingfisher (''Megaceryle alcyon'') is a large, conspicuous water kingfisher, native to North America. All kingfishers were formerly placed in one family, Alcedinidae, but recent research suggests that this should be divided into three ...
, ''Megaceryle alcyon''
Woodpeckers
Order: PiciformesFamily:Picidae
Woodpeckers are part of the bird family Picidae, which also includes the piculets, wrynecks, and sapsuckers. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Madagascar, and the extreme polar regions. M ...
Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails, and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.
* Red-headed woodpecker, ''Melanerpes erythrocephalus''
*Golden-fronted woodpecker
The golden-fronted woodpecker (''Melanerpes aurifrons'') is a species of bird in subfamily Picinae of the woodpecker family Picidae. It is found in the southern United States, Mexico and parts of Central America.
Taxonomy and systematics
The ...
, ''Melanerpes aurifrons'' (A)
*Red-bellied woodpecker
The red-bellied woodpecker (''Melanerpes carolinus'') is a medium-sized woodpecker of the family Picidae. It breeds mainly in the eastern United States, ranging as far south as Florida and as far north as Canada. Though it has a vivid orange-red ...
, ''Melanerpes carolinus''
*Yellow-bellied sapsucker
The yellow-bellied sapsucker (''Sphyrapicus varius'') is a medium-sized woodpecker that breeds in Canada and the northeastern United States.
Taxonomy
The yellow-bellied sapsucker was described and illustrated using a hand-coloured plate by the E ...
, ''Sphyrapicus varius''
* Downy woodpecker, ''Dryobates pubescens''
* Red-cockaded woodpecker, ''Dryobates borealis''
*Hairy woodpecker
The hairy woodpecker (''Leuconotopicus villosus'') is a medium-sized woodpecker that is found over a large area of North America. It is approximately in length with a wingspan. With an estimated population in 2020 of almost nine million individ ...
, ''Dryobates villosus''
*Northern flicker
The northern flicker or common flicker (''Colaptes auratus'') is a medium-sized bird of the woodpecker family. It is native to most of North America, parts of Central America, Cuba, and the Cayman Islands, and is one of the few woodpecker spec ...
, ''Colaptes auratus''
* Pileated woodpecker, ''Dryocopus pileatus''
* Ivory-billed woodpecker, ''Campephilus principalis'' (considered (E) by FOSRC)
Falcons and caracaras
Order: FalconiformesFamily:Falconidae
The falcons and caracaras are around 60 species of diurnal birds of prey that make up the family Falconidae (representing all extant species in the order Falconiformes). The family is divided into three subfamilies, Herpetotherinae, which inclu ...
The Falconidae
The falcons and caracaras are around 60 species of diurnal birds of prey that make up the family Falconidae (representing all extant species in the order Falconiformes). The family is divided into three subfamilies, Herpetotherinae, which inclu ...
is a family of diurnal birds of prey containing the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles, and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.
* Crested caracara, ''Caracara plancus''
*Eurasian kestrel
The common kestrel (''Falco tinnunculus'') is a bird of prey species belonging to the kestrel group of the falcon family Falconidae. It is also known as the European kestrel, Eurasian kestrel, or Old World kestrel. In the United Kingdom, where no ...
, ''Falco tinnunculus'' (A)
* American kestrel, ''Falco sparverius''
**"Cuban American kestrel", ''F. s. sparveroides'' (A)
*Merlin
Merlin ( cy, Myrddin, kw, Marzhin, br, Merzhin) is a mythical figure prominently featured in the legend of King Arthur and best known as a mage, with several other main roles. His usual depiction, based on an amalgamation of historic and le ...
, ''Falco columbarius''
*Peregrine falcon
The peregrine falcon (''Falco peregrinus''), also known as the peregrine, and historically as the duck hawk in North America, is a Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan bird of prey (Bird of prey, raptor) in the family (biology), family Falco ...
, ''Falco peregrinus''
New World and African parrots
Order: PsittaciformesFamily: Psittacidae Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly colored, and some are multi-colored. In size they range from to in length. Most of the more than 150 species in this family are found in the New World. * Monk parakeet, ''Myiopsitta monachus'' (I) * Carolina parakeet, ''Conuropsis carolinensis'' (E) * Nanday parakeet, ''Aratinga nenday'' (I) * Mitred parakeet, ''Psittacara mitratus'' (I) * White-winged parakeet, ''Brotogeris versicolurus'' (I)Old World parrots
Order: PsittaciformesFamily:Psittaculidae
Psittaculidae is a family containing Old World parrots. It consists of five subfamilies: Agapornithinae, Loriinae, Platycercinae, Psittacellinae and Psittaculinae.
This family has been accepted into ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World' ...
Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly colored, and some are multi-colored. In size they range from to in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.
* Budgerigar, ''Melopsittacus undulatus'' (I) (e) ("Disestablished" per the FOSRC)
Tyrant flycatchers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Tyrannidae
Tyrant flycatchers are passerines which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.
* Elaenia species, ''Elaenia'' sp. (A)
* Ash-throated flycatcher, ''Myiarchus cinerascens''
* Great crested flycatcher, ''Myiarchus crinitus''
* Brown-crested flycatcher, ''Myiarchus tyrannulus''
* Great kiskadee, ''Pitangus sulphuratus'' (A)
* La Sagra's flycatcher, ''Myiarchus sagrae'' (A)
*Sulphur-bellied flycatcher
The sulphur-bellied flycatcher (''Myiodynastes luteiventris'') is a large tyrant flycatcher. This bird breeds from southeasternmost Arizona of the United States (the Madrean sky islands region of Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and northern S ...
, ''Myiodynastes luteiventris'' (A)
*Piratic flycatcher
The piratic flycatcher (''Legatus leucophaius'') is a passerine bird, the only member of the genus ''Legatus''. It is a resident breeder from southern Mexico and Trinidad south to Bolivia and Argentina. At least some birds from Central America an ...
, ''Empidonomus leucophaius'' (A)
* Variegated flycatcher, ''Empidonomus varius'' (A)
* Tropical kingbird, ''Tyrannus melancholicus''
*Cassin's kingbird
Cassin's kingbird (''Tyrannus vociferans'') is a large tyrant flycatcher native to western North America. The name of this bird commemorates the American ornithologist John Cassin.
Taxonomy
Cassin's kingbird was formally described in 1826 by En ...
, ''Tyrannus vociferans'' (A)
* Western kingbird, ''Tyrannus verticalis''
* Eastern kingbird, ''Tyrannus tyrannus''
* Gray kingbird, ''Tyrannus dominicensis''
*Loggerhead kingbird
The loggerhead kingbird (''Tyrannus caudifasciatus'') is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. Distribution and habitat
It is found in throughout the West Indies, in the Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and ...
, ''Tyrannus caudifasciatus'' (A)
* Scissor-tailed flycatcher, ''Tyrannus forficatus''
* Fork-tailed flycatcher, ''Tyrannus savana'' (A)
*Olive-sided flycatcher
The olive-sided flycatcher (''Contopus cooperi'') is a small to medium sized passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the Tyrant flycatcher family. It is a migratory species that travels from South to North America to breed during the summer. It ...
, ''Contopus cooperi''
*Western wood-pewee
The western wood pewee (''Contopus sordidulus'') is a small tyrant flycatcher. Adults are gray-olive on the upperparts with light underparts, washed with olive on the breast. They have two wing bars and a dark bill with yellow at the base of the ...
, ''Contopus sordidulus'' (A)
* Eastern wood-pewee, ''Contopus virens''
*Cuban pewee
The Cuban pewee or crescent-eyed pewee (''Contopus caribaeus'') is a species of bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is found in Cuba and the northern Bahamas. It was formerly lumped with the Hispaniolan pewee (''C. hispaniolensis'') and Jamaican ...
, ''Contopus cariibaeus'' (A)
*Yellow-bellied flycatcher
The yellow-bellied flycatcher (''Empidonax flaviventris'') is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family.
Description
Adults have greenish upperparts and yellowish underparts (especially on the throat), with a dusky wash on the ...
, ''Empidonax flaviventris'' (A)
*Acadian flycatcher
The Acadian flycatcher (''Empidonax virescens'') is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family.
Description
Adults have olive upperparts, darker on the wings and tail, with whitish underparts; they have a white eye ring, white ...
, ''Empidonax virescens''
*Alder flycatcher
The alder flycatcher (''Empidonax alnorum'') is a small insect-eating bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. The genus name ''Empidonax'' is from Ancient Greek ''empis'', "gnat", and ''anax'', "master". The specific ''alnorum'' is Latin and means ...
, ''Empidonax alnorum''
*Willow flycatcher
The willow flycatcher (''Empidonax traillii'') is a small insect-eating, neotropical migrant bird of the tyrant flycatcher family. There are four subspecies of the willow flycatcher currently recognized, all of which breed in North America (inc ...
, ''Empidonax traillii'' (A)
*Least flycatcher
The least flycatcher (''Empidonax minimus'') (also called chebec, or chebecker, after the sound it makes) is a small insect-eating bird. It is the smallest ''Empidonax'' flycatcher in eastern North America.
Taxonomy
The closest relative to the ...
, ''Empidonax minimus''
*Hammond's flycatcher
Hammond's flycatcher (''Empidonax hammondii'') is a flycatcher in the family Tyrannidae. This small insectivorous bird inhabits the coniferous and mixed forests of western North America. The name of this bird commemorates William Alexander Hammon ...
, ''Empidonax hammondii'' (A)
*Pacific-slope flycatcher
The western flycatcher (''Empidonax difficilis'') is a small insectivorous bird in the family Tyrannidae. It is native to western North America, where it breeds in the Rocky Mountains and Pacific Coast forests and mountain ranges from California t ...
, ''Empidonax difficilis'' (A)
*Black phoebe
The black phoebe (''Sayornis nigricans'') is a passerine bird in the tyrant-flycatcher family. It breeds from southwest Oregon and California south through Central and South America. It occurs year-round throughout most of its range and migrates ...
, ''Sayornis nigricans'' (A)
*Eastern phoebe
The eastern phoebe (''Sayornis phoebe'') is a small passerine bird. The genus name ''Sayornis'' is constructed from the specific part of Charles Lucien Bonaparte's name for Say's phoebe, ''Muscicapa saya'', and Ancient Greek ''ornis'', "bird". ...
, ''Sayornis phoebe''
*Say's phoebe
Say's phoebe (''Sayornis saya'') is a passerine bird in the tyrant flycatcher family. A common bird across western North America, it prefers dry, desolate areas. This bird was named for Thomas Say, the American naturalist.
Taxonomy
Say's phoebe ...
, ''Sayornis saya'' (A)
* Vermilion flycatcher, ''Pyrocephalus rubinus''
Vireos, shrike-babblers, and erpornis
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Vireonidae
The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerines. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills.
* White-eyed vireo, ''Vireo griseus''
* Thick-billed vireo, ''Vireo crassirostris''
* Cuban vireo, ''Vireo gundlachii'' (A)
*Bell's vireo
Bell's vireo (''Vireo bellii'') is a songbird that migrates between a breeding range in Western North America and a winter range in Central America. It is dull olive-gray above and whitish below. It has a faint white eye ring and faint wing bars ...
, ''Vireo bellii''
* Yellow-throated vireo, ''Vireo flavifrons''
*Blue-headed vireo
The blue-headed vireo (''Vireo solitarius'') is a Neotropical migrating song bird found in North and Central America. There are currently two recognized subspecies that belong to the blue-headed vireo. It has a range that extends across Canada an ...
, ''Vireo solitarius''
*Philadelphia vireo
The Philadelphia vireo (''Vireo philadelphicus'') is a small North American songbird in the vireo family (''Vireonidae''). "Vireo" is a Latin word referring to a green migratory bird, perhaps the female golden oriole, possibly the European green ...
, ''Vireo philadelphicus''
*Warbling vireo
The warbling vireo (''Vireo gilvus'') is a small North American songbird.
Its breeding habitat is open deciduous and mixed woods from Alaska to Mexico and the Florida Panhandle. It often nests in widely spaced trees, often cottonwood or aspen, ...
, ''Vireo gilvus''
*Red-eyed vireo
The red-eyed vireo (''Vireo olivaceus'') is a small American songbird. It is somewhat warbler-like but not closely related to the New World warblers (Parulidae). Common across its vast range, this species is not considered threatened by the IUCN. ...
, ''Vireo olivaceus''
*Yellow-green vireo
The yellow-green vireo (''Vireo flavoviridis'') is a small American passerine bird. It is bird migration, migratory breeding from Mexico to Panama and wintering in the northern and eastern Andes and the western Amazon Basin.
Taxonomy
The yellow- ...
, ''Vireo flavoviridis'' (A)
*Black-whiskered vireo
The black-whiskered vireo (''Vireo altiloquus'') is a small passerine bird, which breeds in southern Florida, United States, USA, and the West Indies as far south as the offshore islands of Venezuela. It is a bird migration, partial migrant, wi ...
, ''Vireo altiloquus''
Shrikes
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Laniidae Shrikes are passerines known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey. * Loggerhead shrike, ''Lanius ludovicianus''Crows, jays, and magpies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Corvidae
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers, and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.
*Blue jay
The blue jay (''Cyanocitta cristata'') is a passerine bird in the family Corvidae, native to eastern North America. It lives in most of the eastern and central United States; some eastern populations may be migratory. Resident populations are a ...
, ''Cyanocitta cristata''
* Florida scrub-jay, ''Aphelocoma coerulescens''
* American crow, ''Corvus brachyrhynchos''
*Fish crow
The fish crow (''Corvus ossifragus'') is a species of crow associated with wetland habitats in the eastern and southeastern United States.
Taxonomy and etymology
The fish crow was given its binomial name by the Scottish ornithologist Alexa ...
, ''Corvus ossifragus''
Tits, chickadees, and titmice
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Paridae The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects. * Carolina chickadee, ''Poecile carolinensis'' * Tufted titmouse, ''Baeolophus bicolor''Larks
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Alaudidae Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds. * Horned lark, ''Eremophila alpestris''Swallows
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Hirundinidae
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings, and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partly joined at the base.
* Bank swallow, ''Riparia riparia''
*Tree swallow
The tree swallow (''Tachycineta bicolor'') is a migratory bird of the family Hirundinidae. Found in the Americas, the tree swallow was first described in 1807 by French ornithologist Louis Vieillot as ''Hirundo bicolor''. It has since been mov ...
, ''Tachycineta bicolor''
*Bahama swallow
The Bahama swallow (''Tachycineta cyaneoviridis'') is an endangered swallow endemic to The Bahamas.
Description
This glossy ''Tachycineta'' swallow has a green head and back, blue upper wings, a black tail and wingtips, and a white belly and chi ...
, ''Tachycineta cyaneovirdis'' (A)
*Violet-green swallow
The violet-green swallow (''Tachycineta thalassina'') is a small North American passerine bird in the Hirundinidae, swallow family. These aerial insectivores are distributed along the west coast from Alaska to Mexico, extending as far east as Mon ...
, ''Tachycineta thalassina'' (A)
* Mangrove swallow, ''Tachycineta albilinea'' (A)
*Northern rough-winged swallow
The northern rough-winged swallow (''Stelgidopteryx serripennis'') is a small, migratory swallow. It is very similar to the southern rough-winged swallow, ''Stelgidopteryx ruficollis''.
Taxonomy and etymology
The genus name, ''Stelgidopteryx'' ...
, ''Stelgidopteryx serripennis''
*Brown-chested martin
The brown-chested martin (''Progne tapera'') is a species of passerine bird in the swallow family.
It is found in Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, ...
, ''Progne tapera'' (A)
*Purple martin
The purple martin (''Progne subis'') is a passerine bird in the swallow family Hirundinidae. It is the largest swallow in North America. Despite its name, the purple martin is not truly purple. The dark blackish-blue feathers have an iridescent s ...
, ''Progne subis''
* Southern martin, ''Progne elegans'' (A)
*Cuban martin
The Cuban martin (''Progne cryptoleuca'') is a large swallow endemic to Cuba.
It is closely related to the Caribbean martin (''P. dominicensis''), which breeds on Caribbean islands from Jamaica east to Tobago, and the Sinaloa martin (''P. sinalo ...
, ''Progne cryptoleuca'' (A)
*Caribbean martin
The Caribbean martin or white-bellied martin (''Progne dominicensis'') is a large swallow.
It has at various times been considered alternatively as a race of the purple martin, ''Progne subis''.
Distribution
It breeds throughout the Caribbean, ...
, ''Progne dominicensis'' (A)
* Barn swallow, ''Hirundo rustica''
*Cliff swallow
The cliff swallow or American cliff swallow (''Petrochelidon pyrrhonota'') is a member of the passerine bird family Hirundinidae, the swallows and martins. The generic name ''Petrochelidon'' is derived from Ancient Greek ''petros'' meaning "roc ...
, ''Petrochelidon pyrrhonota''
* Cave swallow, ''Petrochelidon fulva''
Bulbuls
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Pycnonotidae The bulbuls are a family of medium-sized songbirds native to Africa and tropical Asia. They are noisy and gregarious and often have beautiful songs. * Red-whiskered bulbul, ''Pycnonotus jocosus'' (I)Kinglets
Order: PasseriformesFamily:Regulidae
A kinglet is a small bird in the family Regulidae. Species in this family were formerly classified with the Old World warblers. "Regulidae" is derived from the Latin word ''regulus'' for "petty king" or prince, and refers to the coloured crowns ...
The kinglets are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small insectivorous birds. The adults have colored crowns, giving rise to their name.
* Ruby-crowned kinglet, ''Corthylio calendula''
* Golden-crowned kinglet, ''Regulus satrapa''
Waxwings
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Bombycillidae The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter. * Cedar waxwing, ''Bombycilla cedrorum''Nuthatches
Order: PasseriformesFamily:Sittidae
The nuthatches () constitute a genus, ''Sitta'', of small passerine birds belonging to the family Sittidae. Characterised by large heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet, nuthatches advertise their territory using loud, simple songs. Mo ...
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike most other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails, and powerful bills and feet.
* Red-breasted nuthatch, ''Sitta canadensis''
*White-breasted nuthatch
The white-breasted nuthatch (''Sitta carolinensis'') is a species of bird in the nuthatch family Sittidae. It is a medium-sized nuthatch, measuring approximately in length. Coloration varies somewhat along the species' range, but the are lig ...
, ''Sitta carolinensis''
*Brown-headed nuthatch
The brown-headed nuthatch (''Sitta pusilla'') is a small songbird endemic to pine forests throughout the Southeastern United States. Genetic analyses indicated low differentiation between northern and southern populations in Florida, but the stud ...
, ''Sitta pusilla''
Treecreepers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Certhiidae Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees. * Brown creeper, ''Certhia americana''Gnatcatchers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Polioptilidae The family Polioptilidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds containing the gnatcatchers and gnatwrens. *Blue-gray gnatcatcher
The blue-gray gnatcatcher or blue-grey gnatcatcher (''Polioptila caerulea'') is a very small songbird native to North America. Description
It is in length, 6.3 in (16 cm) in wingspan, and weighing only . Adult males are blue-gray on the upperp ...
, ''Polioptila caerulea''
Wrens
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Troglodytidae
Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.
*Rock wren
The rock wren (''Salpinctes obsoletus'') is a small songbird of the wren family native to western North America, Mexico and Central America. It is the only species in the genus ''Salpinctes''.
Description
Measurements:
* Length: 4.9-5.9 i ...
, ''Salpinctes obsoletus'' (A)
* House wren, ''Troglodytes aedon''
* Winter wren, ''Troglodytes hyemalis''
*Sedge wren
The sedge wren (''Cistothorus stellaris'') is a small and secretive passerine bird in the family Troglodytidae. It is widely distributed in North America. It is often found in wet grasslands and meadows where it nests in the tall grasses and sed ...
, ''Cistothorus platensis''
* Marsh wren, ''Cistothorus palustris''
* Carolina wren, ''Thryothorus ludovicianus''
* Bewick's wren, ''Thryomanes bewickii'' (A)
Mockingbirds and thrashers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Mimidae
The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers, and the New World catbirds. They are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.
* Gray catbird, ''Dumetella carolinensis''
*Curve-billed thrasher
The curve-billed thrasher (''Toxostoma curvirostre'') is a medium-sized mimid native to most of Mexico and to the deserts of southwestern United States. It is a non-migratory species, and throughout most of its range it is the most common deser ...
, ''Toxostoma curvirostre'' (A)
* Brown thrasher, ''Toxostoma rufum''
*Sage thrasher
The sage thrasher (''Oreoscoptes montanus'') is a medium-sized passerine bird from the family Mimidae, which also includes mockingbirds, tremblers, and New World catbirds. It is the only member of the genus ''Oreoscoptes''. This seems less close ...
, ''Oreoscoptes montanus'' (A)
* Bahama mockingbird, ''Mimus gundlachii''
* Northern mockingbird, ''Mimus polyglottos''
Starlings
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Sturnidae Starlings are small to medium-sized passerines with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and they are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is open country, and they eat insects and fruit. Their plumage is typically dark with a metallic sheen. * European starling, ''Sturnus vulgaris'' (I) * Common myna, ''Acridotheres tristis'' (I)Thrushes and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Turdidae
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.
* Eastern bluebird, ''Sialia sialis''
* Mountain bluebird, ''Sialia currucoides'' (A)
*Townsend's solitaire
Townsend's solitaire (''Myadestes townsendi'') is a medium-sized thrush, the only solitaire native to America north of Mexico.
Range and habitat
This solitaire ranges from southern Alaska, British Columbia and Alberta to northern Zacatecas in Me ...
, ''Myadestes townsendi'' (A)
*Veery
The veery (''Catharus fuscescens'') is a small North American Thrush (bird), thrush species, a member of a group of closely related and similar species in the genus ''Catharus'', also including the gray-cheeked thrush (''C. minimus''), Bicknell's ...
, ''Catharus fuscescens''
*Gray-cheeked thrush
The grey-cheeked thrush (''Catharus minimus'') is a medium-sized thrush. This species is in length, and has the white-dark-white underwing pattern characteristic of ''Catharus'' thrushes. It is a member of a close-knit group of migrant species ...
, ''Catharus minimus''
*Bicknell's thrush
Bicknell's thrush (''Catharus bicknelli'') is a medium-sized thrush, at and . One of North America's rarest and most localized breeders, it inhabits coniferous mountain tops and disturbed habitats of the Northeast. While very similar in appeara ...
, ''Catharus bicknelli'' (A)
*Swainson's thrush
Swainson's thrush (''Catharus ustulatus''), also called olive-backed thrush and russet-backed thrush, is a medium-sized thrush. It is a member of genus ''Catharus'' and is typical of it in terms of its subdued coloration and beautiful, ascending ...
, ''Catharus ustulatus''
* Hermit thrush, ''Catharus guttatus''
* Wood thrush, ''Hylocichla mustelina''
*American robin
The American robin (''Turdus migratorius'') is a migratory bird of the true thrush genus and Turdidae, the wider thrush family. It is named after the European robin because of its reddish-orange breast, though the two species are not closel ...
, ''Turdus migratorius''
*Red-legged thrush
The red-legged thrush (''Turdus plumbeus'') is a species of bird in the family Turdidae. Native to the Caribbean, it is found in the Bahamas, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and Haiti) and Puerto Rico. It fo ...
, ''Turdus plumbeus'' (A)
*Varied thrush
The varied thrush (''Ixoreus naevius'') is a member of the thrush family, Turdidae. It is the only species in the monotypic genus ''Ixoreus''.
Taxonomy
The varied thrush was formally described by the German naturalist Johann Friedrich Gmelin ...
, ''Ixoreus naevius'' (A)
Old World flycatchers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Muscicapidae The Old World flycatchers are a large family of small passerine birds. These are mainly small arborealinsectivore
A robber fly eating a hoverfly
An insectivore is a carnivorous animal or plant that eats insects. An alternative term is entomophage, which can also refer to the human practice of eating insects.
The first vertebrate insectivores wer ...
s, many of which, as the name implies, take their prey on the wing.
* European robin, ''Erithacus rubecula'' (A)
* Northern wheatear, ''Oenanthe oenanthe'' (A)
Waxbills and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Estrildidae The estrildid finches are small passerine birds native to the Old World tropics. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colors and patterns. *Scaly-breasted munia
The scaly-breasted munia or spotted munia (''Lonchura punctulata''), known in the pet trade as nutmeg mannikin or spice finch, is a sparrow-sized estrildid finch native to tropical Asia. A species of the genus ''Lonchura'', it was formally desc ...
, ''Lonchura punctulata'' (I)
* Tricolored munia, ''Lonchura malacca'' (I)
Old World sparrows
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passeridae Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects. *House sparrow
The house sparrow (''Passer domesticus'') is a bird of the sparrow family Passeridae, found in most parts of the world. It is a small bird that has a typical length of and a mass of . Females and young birds are coloured pale brown and grey, a ...
, ''Passer domesticus'' (I)
Wagtails and pipits
Order: PasseriformesFamily:Motacillidae
The wagtails, longclaws, and pipits are a family, Motacillidae, of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. Around 70 species occur in five genera. The longclaws are entirely restricted to the Afrotropics, and the wagtails are predominan ...
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws, and pipits. They are slender, ground-feeding insectivores of open country.
*Eastern yellow wagtail
The eastern yellow wagtail (''Motacilla tschutschensis'') is a small passerine in the wagtail family Motacillidae, which also includes the pipits and longclaws. It was often classified as a subspecies of the Western yellow wagtail.
This species ...
, ''Motacilla tschutschensis'' (A)
* White wagtail, ''Motacilla alba'' (A)
*American pipit
The buff-bellied pipit or American pipit (''Anthus rubescens'') is a small songbird found on both sides of the northern Pacific. It was first described by Marmaduke Tunstall in his 1771 ''Ornithologia Britannica''. It was formerly classified as a ...
, ''Anthus rubescens''
*Sprague's pipit
Sprague's pipit (''Anthus spragueii'') is a small songbird (passerine) in the family Motacillidae that breeds in the short- and mixed-grass prairies of North America. Migratory, it spends the winters in the southwestern United States and norther ...
, ''Anthus spragueii'' (A)
Finches, euphonias, and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Fringillidae
Finches are seed-eating passerines. They are small to moderately large and have strong, usually conical and sometimes very large, beaks. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. They have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.
*Evening grosbeak
The evening grosbeak (''Hesperiphona vespertina'') is a passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae found in North America.
Taxonomy
The IOC checklist and the ''Handbook of the Birds of the World'' place the evening grosbeak and the closel ...
, ''Coccothraustes vespertinus'' (A)
*House finch
The house finch (''Haemorhous mexicanus'') is a bird in the finch family Fringillidae. It is native to western North America and has been introduced to the eastern half of the continent and Hawaii. This species and the other two American rosef ...
, ''Haemorhous mexicanus'' (I) (native to the southwestern U.S; introduced in the east)
*Purple finch
The purple finch (''Haemorhous purpureus'') is a bird in the finch family, Fringillidae.
Taxonomy
This species and the other "American rosefinches" were formerly included with the rosefinches of Eurasia in the genus ''Carpodacus''; however, the ...
, ''Haemorhous purpureus''
* Common redpoll, ''Acanthis flammea'' (A)
*Red crossbill
The red crossbill or common crossbill (''Loxia curvirostra'') is a small passerine bird in the finch family Fringillidae. Crossbills have distinctive mandibles, crossed at the tips, which enable them to extract seeds from conifer cones and other ...
, ''Loxia curvirostra'' (A)
*Pine siskin
The pine siskin (''Spinus pinus'') is a North American bird in the finch family. It is a migratory bird with an extremely sporadic winter range.
Taxonomy
The pine siskin was formally described in 1810 by the American ornithologist Alexander ...
, ''Spinus pinus''
* Lesser goldfinch, ''Spinus psaltria'' (A)
* American goldfinch, ''Spinus tristis''
Longspurs and snow buntings
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Calcariidae The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds that had traditionally been grouped with the New World sparrows, but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas. * Lapland longspur, ''Calcarius lapponicus'' (A) * Chestnut-collared longspur, ''Calcarius ornatus'' (A) *Smith's longspur
Smith's longspur (''Calcarius pictus'') is a bird from the family Calcariidae, which also contains the other species of longspurs. A bird of open habitats, it breeds in northern Canada and Alaska, and winters in the southern United States. Primar ...
, ''Calcarius pictus'' (A)
* Snow bunting, ''Plectrophenax nivalis'' (A)
New World sparrows
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Passerellidae
Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.
* Bachman's sparrow, ''Peucaea aestivalis''
*Grasshopper sparrow
The grasshopper sparrow (''Ammodramus savannarum'') is a small New World sparrow. It belongs to the genus ''Ammodramus,'' which contains three species that inhabit grasslands and prairies. Although sometimes found in crop fields and they will rea ...
, ''Ammodramus savannarum''
** Florida grasshopper sparrow, ''A. s. floridanus''
*Black-throated sparrow
The black-throated sparrow (''Amphispiza bilineata'') is a small New World sparrow primarily found in the southwestern United States and Mexico. It is the only member of the genus ''Amphispiza''; the five-striped sparrow, formerly also classifie ...
, ''Amphispiza bilineata'' (A)
* Lark sparrow, ''Chondestes grammacus''
* Lark bunting, ''Calamospiza melanocorys'' (A)
*Chipping sparrow
The chipping sparrow (''Spizella passerina'') is a species of New World sparrow, a passerine bird in the family Passerellidae. It is widespread, fairly tame, and common across most of its North American range.
There are two subspecies, the east ...
, ''Spizella passerina''
* Clay-colored sparrow, ''Spizella pallida''
* Field sparrow, ''Spizella pusilla''
*Fox sparrow
The fox sparrow (''Passerella iliaca'') is a large New World sparrow. It is the only member of the genus ''Passerella'', although some authors split the species into four (see below).
Taxonomy
More specific information regarding plumage is avai ...
, ''Passerella iliaca''
*American tree sparrow
The American tree sparrow (''Spizelloides arborea''), also known as the winter sparrow, is a medium-sized New World sparrow.
It had been classified under the genus ''Spizella'', but multilocus molecular evidence suggested placement in its own ge ...
, ''Spizelloides arborea'' (A)
* Dark-eyed junco, ''Junco hyemalis''
**"Oregon junco", ''J. h. oreganus'' group (A)
* White-crowned sparrow, ''Zonotrichia leucophrys''
*Golden-crowned sparrow
The golden-crowned sparrow (''Zonotrichia atricapilla'') is a large New World sparrow found in the western part of North America.
Systematics
The golden-crowned sparrow is one of five species in the genus ''Zonotrichia'', a group of large Americ ...
, ''Zonotrichia atricapilla'' (A)
*Harris's sparrow
Harris's sparrow (''Zonotrichia querula'') is a large sparrow. Their breeding habitat is the north part of central Canada (primarily the Northwest Territories and Nunavut, ranging slightly into northern Manitoba and Saskatchewan), making it C ...
, ''Zonotrichia querula'' (A)
* White-throated sparrow, ''Zonotrichia albicollis''
* Vesper sparrow, ''Pooecetes gramineus''
*LeConte's sparrow
LeConte's sparrow (''Ammospiza leconteii'') is one of the smallest New World sparrow species in North America.Terres, J.K. (1980). The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds. New York: Alfred A. Knopf
It is a very secretive bird th ...
, ''Ammospiza leconteii''
* Seaside sparrow, ''Ammospiza maritima''
** Dusky seaside sparrow, ''A. m. nigrescens'' (E)
*Nelson's sparrow
Nelson's sparrow (''Ammospiza nelsoni'') is a small New World sparrow. This bird was named after Edward William Nelson, an American naturalist. Formerly, this bird and the saltmarsh sparrow were considered to be a single species, the sharp-tail ...
, ''Ammospiza nelsoni''
*Saltmarsh sparrow
The saltmarsh sparrow (''Ammospiza caudacuta'') is a small New World sparrow found in salt marshes along the Atlantic coast of the United States. At one time, this bird and the Nelson's sparrow were thought to be a single species, the sharp-taile ...
, ''Ammospiza caudacta''
* Henslow's sparrow, ''Centronyx henslowii''
*Savannah sparrow
The Savannah sparrow (''Passerculus sandwichensis'') is a small New World sparrow. It was the only member of the genus '' Passerculus'' and is typically the only widely accepted member. Comparison of mtDNA NADH dehydrogenase subunit 2 and 3 sequ ...
, ''Passerculus sandwichensis''
* Song sparrow, ''Melospiza melodia''
*Lincoln's sparrow
Lincoln's sparrow (''Melospiza lincolnii'') is a small American sparrow, sparrow native to North America. It is a less common passerine bird that often stays hidden under thick ground cover, but can be distinguished by its sweet, wrenlike song. Li ...
, ''Melospiza lincolnii''
*Swamp sparrow
The swamp sparrow (''Melospiza georgiana'') is a medium-sized New World sparrow related to the song sparrow.
Description
Measurements:
* Length: 4.7-5.9 in (12-15 cm)
* Weight: 0.5-0.8 oz (15-23 g)
* Wingspan: 7.1-7.5 in (18-19 cm)
...
, ''Melospiza georgiana''
*Green-tailed towhee
The green-tailed towhee (''Pipilo chlorurus'') is the smallest towhee, but is still one of the larger members of the American sparrow family Passerellidae.
Its breeding range covers most of the interior Western United States, with a winter range ...
, ''Pipilo chlorurus'' (A)
* Spotted towhee, ''Pipilo maculatus'' (A)
* Eastern towhee, ''Pipilo erythrophthalmus''
Spindalises
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Spindalidae The members of this small family, newly recognized in 2017, are native to the Greater Antilles. One species occurs fairly frequently in Florida. *Western spindalis
The western spindalis (''Spindalis zena'') is a songbird species. It was formerly considered conspecific with the other three species of spindalis, with the common name stripe-headed tanager.
Taxonomy
The spindalises were traditionally consider ...
, ''Spindalis zena''
Yellow-breasted chat
Order: PasseriformesFamily:Icteriidae
The yellow-breasted chat (''Icteria virens'') is a large songbird found in North America, and is the only member of the family Icteriidae. It was once a member of the New World warbler family, but in 2017, the American Ornithological Society move ...
This species was historically placed in the wood-warblers (Parulidae) but nonetheless most authorities were unsure if it belonged there. It was placed in its own family in 2017.
* Yellow-breasted chat, ''Icteria virens''
Troupials and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Icteridae
Icterids () or New World blackbirds make up a family, the Icteridae (), of small to medium-sized, often colorful, New World passerine birds. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange, or red. The ...
The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful, passerines restricted to the New World, including the grackles, New World blackbirds and New World orioles. Most have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red.
* Yellow-headed blackbird, ''Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus''
* Bobolink, ''Dolichonyx oryzivorus''
* Eastern meadowlark, ''Sturnella magna''
* Western meadowlark, ''Sturnella neglecta'' (A)
*Orchard oriole
The orchard oriole (''Icterus spurius'') is the smallest species of icterid. The subspecies of the Caribbean coast of Mexico, ''I. s. fuertesi'', is sometimes considered a separate species, the ochre oriole or Fuertes's oriole.
Description
Mea ...
, ''Icterus spurius''
*Hooded oriole
The hooded oriole (''Icterus cucullatus'') is a medium-sized New World oriole. The male of this species ranges in color from a bright orange to a paler yellow, with a black back, face, tail and bib, with the wing containing two white bars. The fe ...
, ''Icterus cucullatus'' (A)
* Bullock's oriole, ''Icterus bullockii''
*Spot-breasted oriole
The spot-breasted oriole (''Icterus pectoralis'') is a species of bird in the family Icteridae.
It is a mid-sized songbird and generally typical oriole. It is bright orange overall with a black bib and black spotting on the sides of the breast. ...
, ''Icterus pectoralis'' (I)
*Baltimore oriole
The Baltimore oriole (''Icterus galbula'') is a small icterid blackbird common in eastern North America as a migratory breeding bird. It received its name from the resemblance of the male's colors to those on the coat-of-arms of 17th century L ...
, ''Icterus galbula''
*Scott's oriole
The Scott's oriole (''Icterus parisorum'') is a medium-sized icterid (the same family as many blackbirds, meadowlarks, cowbirds, grackles, and others, including the New World orioles).
It is primarily found in the Southwestern United States an ...
, ''Icterus parisorum'' (A)
* Red-winged blackbird, ''Agelaius phoeniceus''
*Tawny-shouldered blackbird
The tawny-shouldered blackbird (''Agelaius humeralis'') is a species of bird in the family Icteridae. It is found in Cuba and Hispaniola (split between the Dominican Republic and Haiti). It is a vagrant in the United States (to the Florida Key ...
, ''Agelaius umeralis'' (A)
* Shiny cowbird, ''Molothrus bonariensis''
* Bronzed cowbird, ''Molothrus aeneus''
* Brown-headed cowbird, ''Molothrus ater''
*Rusty blackbird
The rusty blackbird (''Euphagus carolinus'') is a medium-sized New World blackbird, closely related to grackles ("rusty grackle" is an older name for the species). It is a bird that prefers wet forested areas, breeding in the boreal forest and mu ...
, ''Euphagus carolinus''
*Brewer's blackbird
Brewer's blackbird (''Euphagus cyanocephalus'') is a medium-sized New World blackbird. It is named after the ornithologist Thomas Mayo Brewer.
Description
Adult males have black Feather, plumage with an iridescent purple head and neck and glo ...
, ''Euphagus cyanocephalus''
* Common grackle, ''Quiscalus quiscula''
* Boat-tailed grackle, ''Quiscalus major''
New World warblers
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Parulidae
The wood warblers are a group of small, often colorful, passerines restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores.
* Ovenbird, ''Seiurus aurocapilla''
*Worm-eating warbler
The worm-eating warbler (''Helmitheros vermivorum'') is a small New World warbler that breeds in the Eastern United States and migrates to southern Mexico, the Caribbean, and Central America for the winter.
Taxonomy
The worm-eating warbler is ...
, ''Helmitheros vermivorum''
*Louisiana waterthrush
The Louisiana waterthrush (''Parkesia motacilla'') is a New World warbler, that breeds in eastern North America and winters in the West Indies and Central America. Plain brown above, it is white below, with black streaks and with buff flanks and u ...
, ''Parkesia motacilla''
*Northern waterthrush
The northern waterthrush (''Parkesia noveboracensis'') is a species of ground-feeding migratory New World warbler of the genus ''Parkesia''. It breeds in the northern part of North America in Canada and the northern United States including Alaska ...
, ''Parkesia noveboracensis''
* Bachman's warbler, ''Vermivora bachmanii'' (E)
* Golden-winged warbler, ''Vermivora chrysoptera''
*Blue-winged warbler
The blue-winged warbler (''Vermivora cyanoptera'') is a fairly common New World warbler, long and weighing . It breeds in eastern North America in southern Ontario and the eastern United States. Its range is extending northwards, where it is rep ...
, ''Vermivora cyanoptera''
* Black-and-white warbler, ''Mniotilta varia''
* Prothonotary warbler, ''Protonotaria citrea''
* Swainson's warbler, ''Limnothlypis swainsonii''
*Tennessee warbler
The Tennessee warbler (''Leiothlypis peregrina'') is a New World warbler that breeds in eastern North America and winters in southern Central America, the Caribbean, and northern South America. The specific name ''peregrina'' is from Latin '' pe ...
, ''Leiothlypis peregrina''
*Orange-crowned warbler
The orange-crowned warbler (''Leiothlypis celata'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.
Taxonomy
The orange-crowned warbler was formally described in 1822 by the American zoologist Thomas Say under the binomial name ''Sylvia c ...
, ''Leiothlypis celata''
* Nashville warbler, ''Leiothlypis ruficapilla''
*Connecticut warbler
The Connecticut warbler (''Oporornis agilis'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.
Description
These medium-sized warblers measure in length, with a wingspan. Connecticut warblers weigh when they fledge, attaining an average ...
, ''Oporornis agilis''
* MacGillivray's warbler, ''Geothlypis tolmiei'' (A)
*Mourning warbler
The mourning warbler (''Geothlypis philadelphia'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family. Mourning warblers are native to eastern and central North America as well as some countries in Central America.Gough, G.A., Sauer, J.R. ''Patu ...
, ''Geothlypis philadelphia'' (A)
* Kentucky warbler, ''Geothlypis formosa''
*Common yellowthroat
The common yellowthroat (''Geothlypis trichas'') is a New World warbler. In the U.S. Midwest, it is also known as the yellow bandit. It is an abundant breeder in North America, ranging from southern Canada to central Mexico. The genus name ''Geot ...
, ''Geothlypis trichas''
*Hooded warbler
The hooded warbler (''Setophaga citrina'') is a New World warbler. It breeds in eastern North America and across the eastern United States and into southernmost Canada (Ontario). It is migratory, wintering in Central America and the West Indies. ...
, ''Setophaga citrina''
* American redstart, ''Setophaga ruticilla''
*Kirtland's warbler
Kirtland's warbler (''Setophaga kirtlandii''), also known in Michigan by the common name jack pine bird, or the jack pine warbler, is a small songbird of the New World warbler family (Parulidae), named after Jared Potter Kirtland, an Ohio doctor ...
, ''Setophaga kirtlandii'' (A)
*Cape May warbler
The Cape May warbler (''Setophaga tigrina'') is a species of New World warbler. It breeds in northern North America. Its breeding range spans all but the westernmost parts of southern Canada, the Great Lakes region, and New England. It is migrat ...
, ''Setophaga tigrina''
* Cerulean warbler, ''Setophaga cerulea''
* Northern parula, ''Setophaga americana''
*Magnolia warbler
The magnolia warbler (''Setophaga magnolia'') is a member of the wood warbler family Parulidae.
Etymology
The genus name ''Setophaga'' is from Ancient Greek ''ses'', "moth", and ', "eating", and the specific ''magnolia'' refers to the type lo ...
, ''Setophaga magnolia''
* Bay-breasted warbler, ''Setophaga castanea''
* Blackburnian warbler, ''Setophaga fusca''
*Yellow warbler
The yellow warbler (''Setophaga petechia'') is a New World warbler species. Yellow warblers are the most widespread species in the diverse genus ''Setophaga'', breeding in almost the whole of North America, the Caribbean, and down to northern S ...
, ''Setophaga petechia''
* Chestnut-sided warbler, ''Setophaga pensylvanica''
* Blackpoll warbler, ''Setophaga striata''
*Black-throated blue warbler
The black-throated blue warbler (''Setophaga caerulescens'') is a small passerine bird of the New World warbler family. Its breeding ranges are located in the interior of deciduous and mixed coniferous forests in eastern North America. Over the ...
, ''Setophaga caerulescens''
*Palm warbler
The palm warbler (''Setophaga palmarum'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.
Description
Measurements:
* Length:
* Weight:
* Wingspan:
Taxonomy
The species comprises two distinct subspecies that may merit specific stat ...
, ''Setophaga palmarum''
*Pine warbler
The pine warbler (''Setophaga pinus'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.
Description
These birds have white bellies, two white wing bars, dark legs and thin, relatively long pointed bills; they have yellowish 'spectacles' ar ...
, ''Setophaga pinus''
*Yellow-rumped warbler
The yellow-rumped warbler (''Setophaga coronata'') is a regular North American bird species that can be commonly observed all across the continent. Its extensive distribution range connects both the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the U.S. as well ...
, ''Setophaga coronata''
**"Audubon's warbler
Audubon's warbler (''Setophaga auduboni'') is a small bird of the family Parulidae.
This passerine bird was long known to be closely related to its eastern counterpart, the myrtle warbler, and at various times the two forms have been classed as ...
", ''S. c. auduboni'' (A)
* Yellow-throated warbler, ''Setophaga dominica''
*Prairie warbler
The prairie warbler (''Setophaga discolor'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.
Description
These birds have yellow underparts with dark streaks on the flanks, and olive overparts with rusty streaks on the back; they have a ye ...
, ''Setophaga discolor''
* Black-throated gray warbler, ''Setophaga nigrescens'' (A)
*Townsend's warbler
Townsend's warbler (''Setophaga townsendi'') is a small songbird of the New World warbler family.
Taxonomy
Townsend's warbler was species description, formally described in 1837 by the American naturalist John Kirk Townsend under the binomial nam ...
, ''Setophaga townsendi'' (A)
*Hermit warbler
The hermit warbler (''Setophaga occidentalis'') is a small perching bird. It is a species of New World warbler or wood-warbler. They are a migratory bird, the breeding range spanning the majority of the west coast of the United States. Their wint ...
, ''Setophaga occidentalis'' (A)
*Golden-cheeked warbler
The golden-cheeked warbler (''Setophaga chrysoparia'') is an endangered species of bird
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of ha ...
, ''Setophaga chrysoparia'' (A)
* Black-throated green warbler, ''Setophaga virens''
* Canada warbler, ''Cardellina canadensis''
*Wilson's warbler
Wilson's warbler (''Cardellina pusilla'') is a small New World warbler. It is greenish above and yellow below, with rounded wings and a long, slim tail. The male has a black crown patch; depending on the subspecies, that mark is reduced or absent ...
, ''Cardellina pusilla''
Cardinals and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Cardinalidae
The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.
*Summer tanager
The summer tanager (''Piranga rubra'') is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family (Thraupidae), it and other members of its genus are now classified in the cardinal family (Cardinalidae). The species's plumage and ...
, ''Piranga rubra''
* Scarlet tanager, ''Piranga olivacea''
*Western tanager
The western tanager (''Piranga ludoviciana''), is a medium-sized American songbird. Formerly placed in the tanager family (Thraupidae), other members of its genus and it are classified in the cardinal family (Cardinalidae). The species's plumag ...
, ''Piranga ludoviciana''
*Northern cardinal
The northern cardinal (''Cardinalis cardinalis'') is a bird in the genus ''Cardinalis''; it is also known colloquially as the redbird, common cardinal, red cardinal, or just cardinal (which was its name prior to 1985). It can be found in southea ...
, ''Cardinalis cardinalis''
* Rose-breasted grosbeak, ''Pheucticus ludovicianus''
* Black-headed grosbeak, ''Pheucticus melanocephalus'' (A)
*Blue grosbeak
The blue grosbeak (''Passerina caerulea''), is a medium-sized North American passerine bird in the cardinal family Cardinalidae. It is mainly migratory, wintering in Central America and breeding in northern Mexico and the southern United States. ...
, ''Passerina caerulea''
*Lazuli bunting
The lazuli bunting (''Passerina amoena'') is a North American songbird named for the gemstone lapis lazuli.
Description
Measurements:
* Length: 5.1-5.9 in (13-15 cm)
* Weight: 0.5-0.6 oz (13-18 g)
* Wingspan: 8.7 in (22 cm)
The male i ...
, ''Passerina amoena'' (A)
* Indigo bunting, ''Passerina cyanea''
*Varied bunting
The varied bunting (''Passerina versicolor'') is a species of songbird in the cardinal family, Cardinalidae.
The range of the varied bunting stretches from the southern parts of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas in the United States south throughou ...
, ''Passerina versicolor'' (A)
*Painted bunting
The painted bunting (''Passerina ciris'') is a species of bird in the cardinal family, Cardinalidae. It is native to North America. The bright plumage of the male only comes in the second year of life; in the first year they can only be distingu ...
, ''Passerina ciris''
* Dickcissel, ''Spiza americana''
Tanagers and allies
Order: PasseriformesFamily: Thraupidae Thetanagers
The tanagers (singular ) comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has a Neotropical distribution and is the second-largest family of birds. It represents about 4% of all avian species and 12% of the Neotropica ...
are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly colored. As a family they are omnivorous, but individual species specialize in eating fruits, seeds, insects, or other types of food. Most have short, rounded wings.
*Bananaquit
The bananaquit (''Coereba flaveola'') is a species of passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae. Before the development of molecular genetics in the 21st century, its relationship to other species was uncertain and it was either placed with ...
, ''Coereba flaveola'' (A)
* Red-legged honeycreeper, ''Cyanerpes cyaneus'' (A)
*Yellow-faced grassquit
The yellow-faced grassquit (''Tiaris olivaceus'') is a passerine bird in the tanager family Thraupidae and is the only member of the genus ''Tiaris''. It is native to the Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
Taxonomy
In 1760 the ...
, ''Tiaris olivacea'' (A)
*Black-faced grassquit
The black-faced grassquit (''Melanospiza bicolor'') is a small bird. It is recognized as a tanager closely related to Darwin's finches. It breeds in the West Indies except Cuba, on Tobago but not Trinidad, and along the northern coasts of Colom ...
, ''Tiaris bicolor'' (A)
Notable exotics
The following introduced species, while not considered officially established by the FOSRC, have self-sustaining populations and, within range and proper habitat, are likely to be encountered. * Mandarin duck, ''Aix galericulata'' (I) * Red junglefowl, ''Gallus gallus'' (I - Key West) *Common peafowl
The Indian peafowl (''Pavo cristatus''), also known as the common peafowl, and blue peafowl, is a peafowl species native to the Indian subcontinent. It has been introduced to many other countries. Male peafowl are referred to as peacocks, an ...
, ''Pavo cristatus'' (I)
* Blue-and-yellow macaw, ''Ara araruana'' (I)
Notes
References
See also
*List of North American birds
The lists of birds in the light blue box below are divided by biological family. The lists are based on ''The AOS Check-list of North American Birds'' of the American Ornithological Society and ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World'' su ...
*List of birds of Everglades National Park
This is a comprehensive listing of the bird species recorded in Everglades National Park, which is in the U.S. state of Florida. This list is based on one published by the National Park Service (NPS) dated June 21, 2022.
Of the 375 species inc ...
* List of birds of Dry Tortugas National Park
*List of invasive species in the Everglades
Invasive species in the Everglades are Introduced species, exotic plants and animals that are not native to the area and have aggressively adapted to conditions in wilderness areas in southern Florida. The Everglades are a massive watershed in th ...
* List of amphibians of Florida
* Reptiles of Florida
External links
Florida Ornithological Society
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Birds Of Florida
Birds
Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves (), characterised by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweigh ...
Florida