Following is a list of all Article III

United States federal judge In the United States, federal judges are judges who serve on courts established under Article Three of the U.S. Constitution. They include the chief justice and the associate justices of the U.S. Supreme Court, the circuit judges of the U.S. Cou ...

s appointed by

President President most commonly refers to: *President (corporate title) *President (education), a leader of a college or university *President (government title) President may also refer to: Automobiles * Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...

Jimmy Carter James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th president of the United States from 1977 to 1981. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, he previously served as th ...

during his presidency.All information on the names, terms of service, and details of appointment of federal judges is derived from the

Biographical Directory of Federal Judges The ''Biographical Directory of Federal Judges'' is a publication of the Federal Judicial Center providing basic biographical information on all past and present United States federal court Article III judges (those federal judges with life tenure ...

, a public-domain publication of the

Federal Judicial Center The Federal Judicial Center is the education and research agency of the United States federal courts. It was established by in 1967, at the recommendation of the Judicial Conference of the United States. According to , the main areas of respo ...

. In total Carter appointed 262 Article III federal judges, including 56 judges to the courts of appeals, 203 judges to the

United States district courts The United States district courts are the trial courts of the U.S. federal judiciary. There is one district court for each federal judicial district, which each cover one U.S. state or, in some cases, a portion of a state. Each district cou ...

, 2 judges to the

United States Court of Claims The Court of Claims was a federal court that heard claims against the United States government. It was established in 1855, renamed in 1948 to the United States Court of Claims (), and abolished in 1982. Then, its jurisdiction was assumed by the n ...

and 1 judge to the

United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals The United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals (CCPA) was a United States federal court which existed from 1909 to 1982 and had jurisdiction over certain types of civil disputes. History The CCPA began as the United States Court of Customs ...

. Later presidents have exceeded Carter's total number of judicial appointments, which had itself surpassed the previous record of 235 set by

Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...

, but Carter retains the record for the largest number of judicial appointments in a single term. Although Carter made no appointments to the

Supreme Court of the United States The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...

, two of his Court of Appeals appointees—

Stephen Breyer Stephen Gerald Breyer ( ; born August 15, 1938) is a retired American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1994 until his retirement in 2022. He was nominated by President Bill Clinton, and repl ...

and

Ruth Bader Ginsburg Joan Ruth Bader Ginsburg ( ; ; March 15, 1933September 18, 2020) was an American lawyer and jurist who served as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1993 until her death in 2020. She was nominated by President ...

—were later appointed to the Supreme Court by

Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...

. None of Carter's appointees remain in active status, however 9 appellate judges and 25 district judges remain on

senior status Senior status is a form of semi-retirement for United States federal judges. To qualify, a judge in the Federal judiciary of the United States, federal court system must be at least 65 years old, and the sum of the judge's age and years of servi ...

. ( Jose Cabranes, appointed to a district judgeship by Carter, is on active status as a circuit judge pending the confirmation of his successor). File:Stephen Breyer, SCOTUS photo portrait.jpg,

, named to the

United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (in case citations, 1st Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts: * District of Maine * District of Massachusetts * ...

, was Carter's last Court of Appeals nominee to be confirmed, and was later elevated to the Supreme Court. File:Ruth Bader Ginsburg official SCOTUS portrait.jpg, Carter appointed

to the

United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit (in case citations, D.C. Cir.) is one of the thirteen United States Courts of Appeals. It has the smallest geographical jurisdiction of any of the U.S. federal appellate cou ...

and she was later elevated to the Supreme Court. File:Mary M. Schroeder.jpg, Carter's first Court of Appeals nominee to be confirmed,

Procter Ralph Hug Jr. Procter Ralph Hug Jr. (March 11, 1931 – October 17, 2019) was a United States federal judge, United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Education and career Born in Reno, Nevada, Reno, Nevada, Hug ...

of the

Ninth In music, a ninth is a compound interval consisting of an octave plus a second. Like the second, the interval of a ninth is classified as a dissonance in common practice tonality. Since a ninth is an octave larger than a second, its ...

(right), who elevated to Ninth's Chief Judge, on day of transfer of Chief Judge to another Carter nominee to the same Circuit,

Mary M. Schroeder Mary Murphy Schroeder (born December 4, 1940) is an American attorney and jurist serving as a senior United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit. Early life and education Born on December 4, 1940, i ...

(left).

Courts of Appeals

District Courts

Specialty courts (Article III)

United States Court of Claims

United States Court of Customs and Patent Appeals

Notes

;Renominations

References

;General * ;Specific

Sources

{{U.S. Presidents and the Judiciary

Carter Carter(s), or Carter's, Tha Carter, or The Carter(s), may refer to: Geography United States * Carter, Arkansas, an unincorporated community * Carter, Mississippi, an unincorporated community * Carter, Montana, a census-designated place * Carter, ...

Presidency of Jimmy Carter Jimmy Carter-related lists