List Of Cervids

Cervidae is a family of hoofed ruminant mammals in the order Artiodactyla. A member of this family is called a deer or a cervid. They are widespread throughout North and South America, Europe, and Asia, and are found in a wide variety of biomes. Cervids range in size from the long and tall pudú to the long and tall moose. Most species do not have population estimates, though the roe deer has a population size of approximately 15 million, while several are considered endangered or critically endangered with populations as low as 200. One species, Père David's deer, is extinct in the wild, and one, Schomburgk's deer, went extinct in 1938.

The fifty-four species of Cervidae are split into nineteen genera within two subfamilies: Capreolinae (New World deer) and Cervinae (Old World deer). Extinct species have also been placed into Capreolinae and Cervinae. More than one hundred extinct Cervidae species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

Conventions

Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the cervid's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "".

Classification

The family Cervidae consists of 53 extant species belonging to 19 genera in 2 subfamilies and divided into dozens of extant subspecies. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Additionally, one species, Schomburgk's deer, went extinct in 1938. The classification is based on the molecular phylogeny.

* Subfamily Capreolinae (New World deer)
**Tribe Alceini
*** Genus ''Alces'': one species
**Tribe Capreolini
*** Genus '' Capreolus'': two species
*** Genus '' Hydropotes'': one species
** Tribe Odocoileini
*** Genus ''Blastocerus'': one species
*** Genus '' Hippocamelus'': two species
*** Genus '' Mazama'': nine species
*** Genus '' Odocoileus'': three species
*** Genus '' Ozotoceros'': one species
*** Genus '' Pudu'': two species
*** Genus '' Rangifer'': one species
* Subfamily Cervinae (Old World deer)
** Tribe Muntiacini
*** Genus '' Elaphodus'': one species
*** Genus ''Muntiacus'': eleven species
** Tribe Cervini
*** Genus '' Axis'': four species
*** Genus '' Cervus'': five species
*** Genus ''Dama'': two species
*** Genus ''Elaphurus'': one species
*** Genus ''Panolia'': one species
*** Genus '' Rucervus'': two species (one extinct)
*** Genus '' Rusa'': four species

Cervids

The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by '' Mammal Species of the World'' (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis. This includes merging the two moose species of ''Alces'' into one, splitting out the monotypic ''Panolia'' genus from '' Rucervus'', combining the monotypic subfamily Hydropotinae with Capreolinae. There are several additional proposals which are disputed, such as addition of the fair brocket to the '' Mazama'' genus, which are not included here.

Subfamily Capreolinae

Tribe Alceini

Tribe Capreolini

Tribe Odocoileini

Subfamily Cervinae

Tribe Muntiacini

Tribe Cervini

See also

* Largest cervids

References

Sources

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