Catholicos of the East is the title that has been held by the ecclesiastical heads of the Church of the East, the Grand Metropolitan of Seleucia-Ctesiphon, since AD. 280. The term "Catholicos" is derived from the Greek word Katholikos (Καθολικός), meaning "Universal Bishop". The title Catholicos, is used in several Eastern Christian churches and implies a degree of sovereignty and autocephaly. Catholicos of the East refers to: * Catholicos-Patriarch of the East, primate (Catholicos-Patriarch) of the Church of the East. It may also refer to the ecclesiastical heads of the different branches of the Church of the East *

Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East The Patriarch of the Church of the East (also known as Patriarch of the East, Patriarch of Babylon, the Catholicose of the East or the Grand Metropolitan of the East) is the patriarch, or leader and head bishop (sometimes referred to as Catholi ...

* Catholicos-Patriarchs of the Ancient Church of the East *

Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon This is a list of the Chaldean Catholicoi-Patriarchs of Baghdad, formerly Babylon, the leaders of the Chaldean Catholic Church and one of the Patriarchs of the east of the Catholic Church starting from 1553 following the schism of 1552 which ca ...

Catholicos of the East also refers to some ecclesiastical institutions of later origin: * Syriac Maphrian of the East * Catholicos of the East and Malankara Metropolitan, the primate of Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church. The Catholicos position came into existence in the Church in 1912 with the establishment of the Catholicate. From 1934, the Catholicos began to hold the position of

Malankara Metropolitan Malankara Metropolitan is an ecclesiastical title given to the head of the Malankara Syrian Church, previously by the Government of Travancore and Cochin in South India. This title was awarded by a proclamation from the King of Travancore and ...

also, another important title in the Church. *

Catholicos of India The Catholicos of India, earlier known as the Catholicos of the East and Metropolitan of Malankara, is an ecclesiastical office in the Syriac Orthodox Church. He is the Catholicos (Maphrian) and spiritual leader and regional head of the Jac ...

, the head of the

Jacobite Syrian Christian Church The Jacobite Syrian Christian Church (JSCC), or the Malankara Archdiocese of the Syrian Orthodox Church in India also known as Malankara Jacobite Syrian Orthodox Church, the Jacobite Syrian Church, and the Syriac Orthodox Church in India, ...

, whose historic titles are Catholicos of the East and Metropolitan of Malankara.

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* * * * * Eastern Christianity Eastern Orthodoxy Oriental Orthodoxy Eastern Catholicism Church_of_the_East {{OrientalOrthodoxy-stub