botanical garden A botanical garden or botanic gardenThe terms ''botanic'' and ''botanical'' and ''garden'' or ''gardens'' are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word ''botanic'' is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens, an ...

is a place where

plant Plants are predominantly photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Historically, the plant kingdom encompassed all living things that were not animals, and included algae and fungi; however, all current definitions of Plantae excl ...

s, especially

fern A fern (Polypodiopsida or Polypodiophyta ) is a member of a group of vascular plants (plants with xylem and phloem) that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers. The polypodiophytes include all living pteridophytes exce ...

conifer Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms. Scientifically, they make up the division Pinophyta (), also known as Coniferophyta () or Coniferae. The division contains a single extant class, Pinopsida. All ext ...

s and

flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, vessel') and ('seed'), and refers to those plants t ...

s, are grown and displayed for the purposes of

research Research is "creative and systematic work undertaken to increase the stock of knowledge". It involves the collection, organization and analysis of evidence to increase understanding of a topic, characterized by a particular attentiveness ...

conservation Conservation is the preservation or efficient use of resources, or the conservation of various quantities under physical laws. Conservation may also refer to: Environment and natural resources * Nature conservation, the protection and manageme ...

, and

education Education is a purposeful activity directed at achieving certain aims, such as transmitting knowledge or fostering skills and character traits. These aims may include the development of understanding, rationality, kindness, and honesty ...

. This distinguishes them from parks and pleasure gardens where plants, usually with showy flowers, are grown for public amenity only.

Botanical garden A botanical garden or botanic gardenThe terms ''botanic'' and ''botanical'' and ''garden'' or ''gardens'' are used more-or-less interchangeably, although the word ''botanic'' is generally reserved for the earlier, more traditional gardens, an ...

s that specialize in trees are sometimes referred to as

arboretum An arboretum (plural: arboreta) in a general sense is a botanical collection composed exclusively of trees of a variety of species. Originally mostly created as a section in a larger garden or park for specimens of mostly non-local species, man ...

s. They are occasionally associated with

zoo A zoo (short for zoological garden; also called an animal park or menagerie) is a facility in which animals are kept within enclosures for public exhibition and often bred for conservation purposes. The term ''zoological garden'' refers to z ...

s. The earliest botanical gardens were founded in the late

Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ide ...

at the

University of Pisa The University of Pisa ( it, Università di Pisa, UniPi), officially founded in 1343, is one of the oldest universities in Europe. History The Origins The University of Pisa was officially founded in 1343, although various scholars place ...

(1543) and the

University of Padua The University of Padua ( it, Università degli Studi di Padova, UNIPD) is an Italian university located in the city of Padua, region of Veneto, northern Italy. The University of Padua was founded in 1222 by a group of students and teachers from ...

(1545) in Italy, for the study and teaching of medical botany. Many universities today have botanical gardens for student teaching and academic research, e.g. the

Arnold Arboretum The Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University is a botanical research institution and free public park, located in the Jamaica Plain and Roslindale neighborhoods of Boston, Massachusetts. Established in 1872, it is the oldest public arboretum in ...

, Harvard University, US, the

Bonn University The Rhenish Friedrich Wilhelm University of Bonn (german: Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn) is a public research university located in Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It was founded in its present form as the ( en, Rhine ...

Botanic Garden, Bonn, Germany, the

Cambridge University Botanic Garden The Cambridge University Botanic Garden is a botanical garden located in Cambridge, England, associated with the university Department of Plant Sciences (formerly Botany School). It lies between Trumpington Road to the west, Bateman Street to ...

, Cambridge, England, the Hortus Botanicus, Leiden, Netherlands, and the

Kraus Preserve of Ohio Wesleyan University Ohio Wesleyan University (OWU) is a private liberal arts college in Delaware, Ohio. It was founded in 1842 by methodist leaders and Central Ohio residents as a nonsectarian institution, and is a member of the Ohio Five – a consortium ...

, US. This page lists important botanical gardens throughout the world. A useful database cataloging the world's botanic gardens can also be found at the

Botanic Gardens Conservation International Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) is a plant conservation charity based in Kew, Surrey, England. It is a membership organisation, working with 800 botanic gardens in 118 countries, whose combined work forms the world's largest plan ...

(BGCI) website. With over 800 participating botanical gardens, BGCI forms the world's largest network for plant conservation and environmental education.

Argentina

Armenia

Australia

Austria

Bangladesh

Barbados

* Andromeda Botanic Gardens * Hunte's Gardens

Belarus

Central Botanical Garden of NAS of Belarus Central is an adjective usually referring to being in the center of some place or (mathematical) object. Central may also refer to: Directions and generalised locations * Central Africa, a region in the centre of Africa continent, also known as ...

Belgium

Belize

Belize Botanic Gardens Belize Botanic Gardens (BBG) is of native and exotic plants growing in the Cayo district of western Belize. The garden is in a valley on the banks of the Macal River, surrounded by the Maya Mountain foothills. The main focus of BBG is encouraging ...

Bermuda

Bermuda Botanical Gardens Bermuda Botanical Gardens features of flowers, shrubs, and trees. The Botanical Gardens are in Paget Parish, Bermuda, a short drive from downtown Hamilton Hamilton may refer to: People * Hamilton (name), a common British surname and occasio ...

Botswana

National Botanical Garden (Botswana) The National Botanical Garden is a park located along the Notwane River south-east of the city center of Gaborone. The National Botanical Garden first opened on 2 November 2007 with the purpose of protecting Botswana's heritage. The park is man ...

Gaborone Gaborone ( , , ) is the capital and largest city of Botswana with a population of 246,325 based on the 2022 census, about 10% of the total population of Botswana. Its agglomeration is home to 421,907 inhabitants at the 2011 census. Gaboron ...

Brazil

Bulgaria

Cameroon

Limbe Botanic Garden Limbe Botanic Garden or Limbe Botanical Gardens (LBG) is the principal botanic garden of Cameroon. It was created in 1892, during the German colonial era, in Victoria (former name of Limbe), between the ocean and Mount Cameroon. Initially with a ...

Canada

Cayman Islands

* Queen Elizabeth II Botanic Park

Chile

China

Colombia

Costa Rica

Lankester Botanical Garden The Lankester Botanical Gardens (also known as the Jardín Botánico Lankester or Charles H. Lankester Botanical Garden) are a set of gardens outside of Cartago, Costa Rica. The garden is open to the public, but is operated by the University of Co ...

Croatia

Cuba

Czech Republic

Denmark

Dominica

* Dominica Botanical Gardens

Dominican Republic

Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso National Botanical Garden Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso National Botanical Garden (Jardin Botanico Nacional Dr. Rafael Ma. Moscoso) is a botanical garden in the heart of Santo Domingo. The park was founded in 1976 and was named after Rafael Maria Moscoso, a Dominican botanist ...

Ecuador

Egypt

Estonia

Fiji

* Savurua Botanical Gardens * Thurston Gardens,

Suva Suva () is the capital and largest city of Fiji. It is the home of the country's largest metropolitan area and serves as its major port. The city is located on the southeast coast of the island of Viti Levu, in Rewa Province, Central Div ...

Finland

France

Georgia

Germany

Ghana

Gibraltar

Gibraltar Botanic Gardens The Gibraltar Botanic Gardens or La Alameda Gardens are a botanical garden in Gibraltar, spanning around . The Rock Hotel lies above the park. History In 1816 the gardens were commissioned by the British Governor of Gibraltar General George ...

Guyana

* Georgetown Botanical Gardens

Haiti

* Jardin Botanique des Cayes

Honduras

Hungary

Iceland

India

Indonesia

Iran

Ireland

Israel

Italy

Jamaica

Japan

Kenya

Kuwait

* Bayan Botanical Garden, Bayan Palace

Latvia

Lithuania

Malaysia

Malta

* Argotti Botanic Gardens, Floriana

Mauritius

Myanmar

National Kandawgyi Botanical Gardens The National Kandawgyi Botanical Gardens ( my, ကန်တော်ကြီး အမျိုးသား ရုက္ခဗေဒ ဥယျာဉ်; formerly National Botanical Gardens) is a 177 hectare botanical garden located in the Alp ...

México

Monaco

* Jardin Exotique de Monaco

Kyrgyzstan

* Botanical garden named after E. Gareev of Kyrgyzstan Science Academy,

Bishkek Bishkek ( ky, Бишкек), ), formerly Pishpek and Frunze, is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek is also the administrative centre of the Chüy Region. The region surrounds the city, although the city itself is not part of ...

Morocco

Myanmar

* National Botanical Gardens,

Pyin U Lwin Pyin Oo Lwin or Pyin U Lwin (, ; Shan: ), formerly and colloquially referred to as Maymyo (), is a scenic hill town in the Mandalay Region, Myanmar, some east of Mandalay, and at an elevation of . The town was estimated to have a population o ...

Mandalay Division Mandalay Region ( my, မန္တလေးတိုင်းဒေသကြီး, ; formerly Mandalay Division) is an administrative division of Myanmar. It is located in the center of the country, bordering Sagaing Region and Magway Region to ...

Netherlands

New Zealand

North Korea

* Korea Central Botanical Garden,

Pyongyang Pyongyang (, , ) is the capital and largest city of North Korea, where it is known as the "Capital of the Revolution". Pyongyang is located on the Taedong River about upstream from its mouth on the Yellow Sea. According to the 2008 populat ...

Norway

Pakistan

* Bagh-e-Jinnah,

Lahore Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second List of cities in Pakistan by population, most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th List of largest cities, most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is th ...

National Herbarium, Islamabad The National Herbarium is an herbarium, located in Islamabad, Pakistan. History and collection The largest herbarium in Pakistan, it was established in 1975 with Dr. Ralph Randles Stewart's collection as its initial beginning. It has a colle ...

* Rani Bagh Arboretum,

Hyderabad Hyderabad ( ; , ) is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Telangana and the ''de jure'' capital of Andhra Pradesh. It occupies on the Deccan Plateau along the banks of the Musi River (India), Musi River, in the northern part ...

* Sukh Chayn Gardens,

* Herbarium and Botanical Garden, Shah Abdul Latif University

Panama

* Parque Municipal Summit

Paraguay

* Botanical Garden and Zoo of Asunción, Asunción

Peru

Philippines

Poland

Portugal

Puerto Rico

* San Juan Botanical Garden

Republic of Moldova

* Chișinău Botanical Garden

Romania

Russia

Saint Lucia

* St. Lucia Botanical Gardens

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

Botanic Gardens St. Vincent The St Vincent and the Grenadines Botanic Gardens is located in Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Established in 1765, it is the oldest botanic garden in the Western Hemisphere. The magnificent Botanic Gardens are currently one of the ...

Serbia

* Botanical Garden Jevremovac,

Belgrade Belgrade ( , ;, ; Names of European cities in different languages: B, names in other languages) is the Capital city, capital and List of cities in Serbia, largest city in Serbia. It is located at the confluence of the Sava and Danube rivers a ...

Singapore

Slovakia

Slovenia

* University Botanic Gardens, Ljubljana

South Korea

South Africa

Spain

Sri Lanka

Sultanate Of Oman

* Oman Botanic Garden

Sudan

Sudan National Botanical Garden The Sudan National Botanical Garden, established in 1954, is located in Khartoum in the Mogran residential area. The garden contains a collection of living plants in addition to a herbarium. Location The garden is located in the Khartoum Al Mo ...

Sweden

Switzerland

Tahiti

Jardin Botanique Jardin may refer to: Places *Jardin, Isère, a village in Isère, France *Le Jardin, a village in Corrèze, France * Jardin, Colombia, a town in Antioquia Family name *Alexandre Jardin (born 1965), French writer and film director *Frédéric Jard ...

Papeete Papeete (Tahitian language, Tahitian: ''Papeete'', pronounced ) is the capital city of French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of the France, French Republic in the Pacific Ocean. The Communes of France, commune of Papeete is located on the isl ...