The following

outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...

is provided as an overview of and topical guide to music:

Music Music is generally defined as the art of arranging sound to create some combination of form, harmony, melody, rhythm or otherwise expressive content. Exact definitions of music vary considerably around the world, though it is an aspect ...

– human expression often in the medium of

time Time is the continued sequence of existence and events that occurs in an apparently irreversible succession from the past, through the present, into the future. It is a component quantity of various measurements used to sequence events, to ...

using the

structure A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as ...

s of sounds or tones and

silence Silence is the absence of ambient audible sound, the emission of sounds of such low intensity that they do not draw attention to themselves, or the state of having ceased to produce sounds; this latter sense can be extended to apply to the ce ...

. It may be expressed in terms of pitch,

rhythm Rhythm (from Greek , ''rhythmos'', "any regular recurring motion, symmetry") generally means a " movement marked by the regulated succession of strong and weak elements, or of opposite or different conditions". This general meaning of regular recu ...

harmony In music, harmony is the process by which individual sounds are joined together or composed into whole units or compositions. Often, the term harmony refers to simultaneously occurring frequencies, pitches ( tones, notes), or chords. However ...

, and

timbre In music, timbre ( ), also known as tone color or tone quality (from psychoacoustics), is the perceived sound quality of a musical note, sound or musical tone, tone. Timbre distinguishes different types of sound production, such as choir voice ...

Definition of music

* Definition of music ** One of

the arts The arts are a very wide range of human practices of creative expression, storytelling and cultural participation. They encompass multiple diverse and plural modes of thinking, doing and being, in an extremely broad range of media. Both ...

– ** One of the

performing arts The performing arts are arts such as music, dance, and drama which are performed for an audience. They are different from the visual arts, which are the use of paint, canvas or various materials to create physical or static art objects. Perform ...

– ** One of the

humanities Humanities are academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture. In the Renaissance, the term contrasted with divinity and referred to what is now called classics, the main area of secular study in universities at the t ...

– ** An

academic discipline An academy ( Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy ...

–

History of music

History of music Although definitions of music vary wildly throughout the world, every known culture partakes in it, and it is thus considered a cultural universal. The origins of music remain highly contentious; commentators often relate it to the origin of ...

Timeline of musical events :Contents: #Ancient music, Ancient music – #Early history, Early history – #1500s, 1500s – #1510s, 1510s – #1520s, 1520s – #1530s, 1530s – #1540s, 1540s – #1550s, 1550s – #1560s, 1560s – #1570s, 1570s – #1580s, 1580s – #1590 ...

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Prehistoric music Prehistoric music (previously called primitive music) is a term in the history of music for all music produced in preliterate cultures (prehistory), beginning somewhere in very late geological history. Prehistoric music is followed by ancient musi ...

Ancient music Ancient music refers to the musical cultures and practices that developed in the literate civilizations of the ancient world. Succeeding the music of prehistoric societies and lasting until the Post-classical era, major centers of Ancient musi ...

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Music in ancient India Music in ancient India, can be reproduced from written works dating to the Indian classical period, such as the '' Nātya Shastra'', and through surviving examples of liturgical music such as the hymns of the Samaveda. Musical instruments dati ...

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Music of Mesopotamia Music was ubiquitous throughout Mesopotamian history, playing important roles in both religious and secular contexts. Mesopotamia is of particular interest to scholars because evidence from the region—which includes artifacts, artistic depic ...

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Music of ancient Greece Music was almost universally present in ancient Greek society, from marriages, funerals, and religious ceremonies to theatre, folk music, and the ballad-like reciting of epic poetry. It thus played an integral role in the lives of ancient Greek ...

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Music of ancient Rome Music is generally defined as the The arts, art of arranging sound to create some combination of Musical form, form, harmony, melody, rhythm or otherwise Musical expression, expressive content. Exact definition of music, definitions of mu ...

Art music Art music (alternatively called classical music, cultivated music, serious music, and canonic music) is music considered to be of high phonoaesthetic value. It typically implies advanced structural and theoretical considerationsJacques Siron, ...

Andalusian classical music Andalusi classical music ( ar, طرب أندلسي, ṭarab ʾandalusī; es, música andalusí), also called Andalusi music or Arab-Andalusian music, is a genre of music originally developed in al-Andalus by the Muslim population of the region a ...

Arab classical music Arabic music or Arab music ( ar, الموسيقى العربية, al-mūsīqā al-ʿArabīyyah) is the music of the Arab world with all its diverse music styles and genres. Arabic countries have many rich and varied styles of music and also man ...

Chinese classical music Music of China refers to the music of the Chinese people, which may be the music of the Han Chinese in the course of Chinese history as well as ethnic minorities in today's China. It also includes music produced by people of Chinese origin in so ...

Indian classical music Indian classical music is the classical music of the Indian subcontinent. It has two major traditions: the North Indian classical music known as '' Hindustani'' and the South Indian expression known as '' Carnatic''. These traditions were not ...

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Carnatic music Carnatic music, known as or in the Dravidian languages, South Indian languages, is a system of music commonly associated with South India, including the modern Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala and Tamil Nadu, an ...

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Hindustani classical music Hindustani classical music is the classical music of northern regions of the Indian subcontinent. It may also be called North Indian classical music or, in Hindustani, ''shastriya sangeet'' (). It is played in instruments like the violin, sita ...

Persian traditional music Persian traditional music or Iranian traditional music, also known as Persian classical music or Iranian classical music, refers to the classical music of Iran (also known as ''Persia''). It consists of characteristics developed through the coun ...

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Sasanian music Sasanian music encompasses the music of the Sasanian Empire, which existed from 224 to 651 CE. Many Sasanian Shahanshahs were enthusiastic supporters of music, including the founder of the empire Ardashir I and Bahram V. In particular, Khosrow II ...

Western classical music Classical music generally refers to the art music of the Western world, considered to be distinct from Western folk music or popular music traditions. It is sometimes distinguished as Western classical music, as the term "classical music" also ...

Dates of classical music eras Music historians divide the Western classical music repertory into various eras based on what style was most popular as taste changed. These eras and styles include Medieval, Renaissance, Baroque, Classical, Romantic, Modernist, and Postmodern ...

Early music Early music generally comprises Medieval music (500–1400) and Renaissance music (1400–1600), but can also include Baroque music (1600–1750). Originating in Europe, early music is a broad musical era for the beginning of Western classical m ...

period *** European medieval music ****

Saint Gall Gall ( la, Gallus; 550 646) according to hagiographic tradition was a disciple and one of the traditional twelve companions of Columbanus on his mission from Ireland to the continent. Deicolus was the elder brother of Gall. Biography The ...

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Saint Martial Saint Martial (3rd century), called "the Apostle of the Gauls" or "the Apostle of Aquitaine", was the first bishop of Limoges. His feast day is 30 June. Life There is no accurate information as to the origin, dates of birth and death, or the acts ...

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Goliard The goliards were a group of generally young clergy in Europe who wrote satirical Latin poetry in the 12th and 13th centuries of the Middle Ages. They were chiefly clerics who served at or had studied at the universities of France, Germany, Spa ...

**** ''

Ars antiqua ''Ars antiqua'', also called ''ars veterum'' or ''ars vetus'', is a term used by modern scholars to refer to the Medieval music of Europe during the High Middle Ages, between approximately 1170 and 1310. This covers the period of the Notre-Dam ...

'' *****

Notre-Dame school The Notre-Dame school or the Notre-Dame school of polyphony refers to the group of composers working at or near the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris from about 1160 to 1250, along with the music they produced. The only composers whose names hav ...

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Troubadour A troubadour (, ; oc, trobador ) was a composer and performer of Old Occitan lyric poetry during the High Middle Ages (1100–1350). Since the word ''troubadour'' is etymologically masculine, a female troubadour is usually called a ''trobairit ...

****

Trouvère ''Trouvère'' (, ), sometimes spelled ''trouveur'' (, ), is the Northern French (''langue d'oïl'') form of the ''langue d'oc'' (Occitan) word ''trobador'', the precursor of the modern French word ''troubadour''. ''Trouvère'' refers to poet- ...

****

Minnesang (; "love song") was a tradition of lyric- and song-writing in Germany and Austria that flourished in the Middle High German period. This period of medieval German literature began in the 12th century and continued into the 14th. People who wr ...

**** '' Ars nova'' ****

Trecento The Trecento (, also , ; short for , "1300") refers to the 14th century in Italian cultural history. Period Art Commonly, the Trecento is considered to be the beginning of the Renaissance in art history. Painters of the Trecento included Giotto ...

**** ''

Ars subtilior ''Ars subtilior'' (Latin for 'subtler art') is a musical style characterized by rhythmic and notational complexity, centered on Paris, Avignon in southern France, and also in northern Spain at the end of the fourteenth century.Hoppin 1978, 47 ...

'' ***

Renaissance music Renaissance music is traditionally understood to cover European music of the 15th and 16th centuries, later than the Renaissance era as it is understood in other disciplines. Rather than starting from the early 14th-century '' ars nova'', the Tr ...

Common practice period In European art music, the common-practice period is the era of the tonal system. Most of its features persisted from the mid- Baroque period through the Classical and Romantic periods, roughly from 1650 to 1900. There was much stylistic evoluti ...

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Baroque music Baroque music ( or ) refers to the period or dominant style of Western classical music composed from about 1600 to 1750. The Baroque style followed the Renaissance period, and was followed in turn by the Classical period after a short transiti ...

**** the

galant music In music, galant refers to the style which was fashionable from the 1720s to the 1770s. This movement featured a return to simplicity and immediacy of appeal after the complexity of the late Baroque era. This meant simpler, more song-like melodie ...

period *** Classical period ***

Romantic music Romantic music is a stylistic movement in Western Classical music associated with the period of the 19th century commonly referred to as the Romantic era (or Romantic period). It is closely related to the broader concept of Romanticism—the ...

20th-century classical music 20th-century classical music describes art music that was written nominally from 1901 to 2000, inclusive. Musical style diverged during the 20th century as it never had previously. So this century was without a dominant style. Modernism, impressio ...

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Impressionism Impressionism was a 19th-century art movement characterized by relatively small, thin, yet visible brush strokes, open Composition (visual arts), composition, emphasis on accurate depiction of light in its changing qualities (often accentuating ...

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Expressionist Expressionism is a modernist movement, initially in poetry and painting, originating in Northern Europe around the beginning of the 20th century. Its typical trait is to present the world solely from a subjective perspective, distorting it rad ...

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Modernism Modernism is both a philosophy, philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western world, Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new fo ...

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Neoclassicism Neoclassicism (also spelled Neo-classicism) was a Western cultural movement in the decorative and visual arts, literature, theatre, music, and architecture that drew inspiration from the art and culture of classical antiquity. Neoclassicism was ...

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Experimental music Experimental music is a general label for any music or music genre that pushes existing boundaries and genre definitions. Experimental compositional practice is defined broadly by exploratory sensibilities radically opposed to, and questioning of, ...

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Postmodern music Postmodern music is music in the art music tradition produced in the postmodern era. It also describes any music that follows aesthetical and philosophical trends of postmodernism. As an aesthetic movement it was formed partly in reaction to mo ...

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Contemporary classical music Contemporary classical music is classical music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 modern forms of post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included seria ...

21st-century classical music 21st-century classical music is Western art music in the contemporary classical tradition that has been produced since the year 2000. A loose and ongoing period, 21st-century classical music is defined entirely by the calendar and does not ref ...

By region or ethnicity

Timeline of trends in Australian music The trend of music of Australia, Australian music have often mirrored those of the United States and United Kingdom. Australian Aboriginal music during the prehistory of Australia is not well documented. 1800s Aboriginal music continued to be c ...

Byzantine music Byzantine music (Greek: Βυζαντινή μουσική) is the music of the Byzantine Empire. Originally it consisted of songs and hymns composed to Greek texts used for courtly ceremonials, during festivals, or as paraliturgical and liturgical ...

* Timeline of Chinese music * Timeline of trends in Italian music * Timeline of music in the United States *

History of music in the biblical period Knowledge of the biblical period is mostly from literary references in the Bible and post-biblical sources. Religion and music historian Herbert Lockyer, Jr. writes that "music, both vocal and instrumental, was well cultivated among the Hebrews, ...

Musical ensembles

Musical ensemble A musical ensemble, also known as a music group or musical group, is a group of people who perform instrumental and/or vocal music, with the ensemble typically known by a distinct name. Some music ensembles consist solely of instrumentalists, ...

* Band – **

Band (rock and pop) A rock band or pop band is a small musical ensemble that performs rock music, pop music, or a related genre. A four-piece band is the most common configuration in rock and pop music. In the early years, the configuration was typically two guita ...

– ** Brass band – **

Concert band A concert band, also called a wind band, wind ensemble, wind symphony, wind orchestra, symphonic band, the symphonic winds, or symphonic wind ensemble, is a performing ensemble consisting of members of the woodwind, brass, and percussion famil ...

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Fanfare band A fanfare band, fanfare corps, fanfare battery, fanfare team, horn and drum corps, bugle band, drum and bugle corps, or trumpet and drum band (including the German ''fanferenzug'', ''fanfarenkorps'' and ''regimentsblaserkorps'', the Dutch ''drumba ...

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Jazz band A jazz band (jazz ensemble or jazz combo) is a musical ensemble that plays jazz music. Jazz bands vary in the quantity of its members and the style of jazz that they play but it is common to find a jazz band made up of a rhythm section and a ...

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Big band A big band or jazz orchestra is a type of musical ensemble of jazz music that usually consists of ten or more musicians with four sections: saxophones, trumpets, trombones, and a rhythm section. Big bands originated during the early 1910s an ...

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Marching band A marching band is a group of instrumental musicians who perform while marching, often for entertainment or competition. Instrumentation typically includes brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments. Most marching bands wear a uniform, ofte ...

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Military band A military band is a group of personnel that performs musical duties for military functions, usually for the armed forces. A typical military band consists mostly of wind and percussion instruments. The conductor of a band commonly bears the tit ...

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Ottoman military band Ottoman military bands are the oldest recorded military marching band in the world. Though they are often known by the word ''Mehter'' ( ota, مهتر, plural: مهتران ''mehterân''; from "senior" in Persian) in West Europe, that word, prope ...

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One-man band A one-man band is a musician who plays a number of instruments simultaneously using their hands, feet, limbs, and various mechanical or electronic contraptions. One-man bands also often sing while they perform. The simplest type of "one-man ban ...

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Pipe band A pipe band is a musical ensemble consisting of Bagpipes, pipers and drummers. The term pipes and drums, used by military pipe bands is also common. The most common form of pipe band consists of a section of pipers playing the Great Highland b ...

– * Camerata – *

Chapel A chapel is a Christian place of prayer and worship that is usually relatively small. The term has several meanings. Firstly, smaller spaces inside a church that have their own altar are often called chapels; the Lady chapel is a common ty ...

– *

Choir A choir ( ; also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifically for such an ensemble to perform. Choirs may perform music from the classical music repertoire, which ...

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Flute choir A flute ensemble is an instrumental chamber ensemble consisting of members of the flute family. Flute quartet In a more traditional sense, a flute quartet consists of a flute and a string trio (i.e., a violin, viola, and cello). This arrangement ...

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Men's chorus A men's chorus or male voice choir (MVC) (German: ''Männerchor''), is a choir consisting of men who sing with either a tenor or bass voice, and whose music is typically arranged into high and low tenors (1st and 2nd tenor), and high and low bass ...

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Singakademie A Singakademie - originally a phenomenon of the German-speaking realm - is a large mixed choral society A choir ( ; also known as a chorale or chorus) is a musical ensemble of singers. Choral music, in turn, is the music written specifical ...

– * Decet – *

Duet A duet is a musical composition for two performers in which the performers have equal importance to the piece, often a composition involving two singers or two pianists. It differs from a harmony, as the performers take turns performing a solo ...

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Piano duet According to the ''Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', there are two kinds of piano duet: "those for two players at one instrument, and those in which each of the two pianists has an instrument to themself." In American usage the former is ...

– *

Duodecet In music, a duodecet—sometimes duodectet, or duodecimette—is a composition which requires twelve musicians for a performance, or a musical group that consists of twelve people. In jazz, such a group of twelve players is sometimes called a "twelv ...

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Gamelan Gamelan () ( jv, ꦒꦩꦼꦭꦤ꧀, su, ᮌᮙᮨᮜᮔ᮪, ban, ᬕᬫᭂᬮᬦ᭄) is the traditional ensemble music of the Javanese, Sundanese, and Balinese peoples of Indonesia, made up predominantly of percussive instruments. T ...

– * Nonet – *

Octet Octet may refer to: Music * Octet (music), ensemble consisting of eight instruments or voices, or composition written for such an ensemble ** String octet, a piece of music written for eight string instruments *** Octet (Mendelssohn), 1825 compos ...

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String octet A string octet is a piece of music written for eight string instruments, or sometimes the group of eight players. It usually consists of four violins, two violas and two cellos, or four violins, two violas, a cello and a double bass. Notable s ...

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Orchestra An orchestra (; ) is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which combines instruments from different families. There are typically four main sections of instruments: * bowed string instruments, such as the violin, viola, c ...

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Pit orchestra A pit orchestra is a type of orchestra that accompanies performers in musicals, operas, ballets, and other shows involving music. The terms was also used for orchestras accompanying silent movies when more than a piano was used. In performances ...

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String orchestra A string orchestra is an orchestra consisting solely of a string section made up of the bowed strings used in Western Classical music. The instruments of such an orchestra are most often the following: the violin, which is divided into first ...

– *

Percussion ensemble A percussion ensemble is a musical ensemble consisting of only percussion instruments. Although the term can be used to describe any such group, it commonly refers to groups of classically trained percussionists performing primarily classical m ...

– *

Quartet In music, a quartet or quartette (, , , , ) is an ensemble of four singers or instrumental performers; or a musical composition for four voices and instruments. Classical String quartet In classical music, one of the most common combinations o ...

– ** Flute quartet – **

Piano quartet A piano quartet is a chamber music composition for piano and three other instruments, or a musical ensemble comprising such instruments. Those other instruments are usually a string trio consisting of a violin, viola and cello. Piano quartets for ...

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Saxophone quartet A saxophone quartet is a musical ensemble composed of four saxophones, typically soprano, alto, tenor and baritone saxophones. Different saxophone family members are employed to provide a larger range and a variety of tone colours. Other arrangeme ...

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String quartet The term string quartet can refer to either a type of musical composition or a group of four people who play them. Many composers from the mid-18th century onwards wrote string quartets. The associated musical ensemble consists of two violinists ...

– ** Wind quartet – ** Woodwind quartet – *

Quintet A quintet is a group containing five members. It is commonly associated with musical groups, such as a string quintet, or a group of five singers, but can be applied to any situation where five similar or related objects are considered a single ...

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Brass quintet A brass quintet is a five-piece musical ensemble composed of Brass instrument, brass instruments. The instrumentation for a brass quintet typically includes two Trumpet, trumpets or Cornet, cornets, one French horn, one trombone or euphonium/barito ...

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Clarinet quintet Traditionally a clarinet quintet is a chamber musical ensemble made up of one clarinet, plus the standard string quartet of two violins, one viola, and one cello. Now the term clarinet quintet can refer to five B clarinets; four B clarinets and a ...

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Pierrot ensemble A Pierrot ensemble is a musical ensemble comprising flute, clarinet, violin, cello and piano. This ensemble is named after 20th-century composer Arnold Schoenberg’s seminal work ''Pierrot Lunaire'', which includes the quintet of instruments abo ...

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String quintet A string quintet is a musical composition for five string players. As an extension to the string quartet (two violins, a viola, and a cello), a string quintet includes a fifth string instrument, usually a second viola (a so-called "viola quintet" ...

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Wind quintet A wind quintet, also known as a woodwind quintet, is a group of five wind players (most commonly flute, oboe, clarinet, French horn and bassoon). Unlike the string quartet (of 4 string instruments) with its homogeneous blend of sound color, the in ...

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Septet A septet is a formation containing exactly seven members. It is commonly associated with musical groups but can be applied to any situation where seven similar or related objects are considered a single unit, such as a seven-line stanza of poetry. ...

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Sextet A sextet (or hexad) is a formation containing exactly six members. The former term is commonly associated with vocal ensembles (e.g. The King's Singers, Affabre Concinui) or musical instrument groups, but can be applied to any situation where six ...

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Piano sextet A piano sextet is a composition for piano and five other musical instruments, or a group of six musicians who perform such works. There is no standard grouping of instruments with that name, and compared to the string quartet or piano quintet lite ...

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String sextet In classical music, a string sextet is a composition written for six string instruments, or a group of six musicians who perform such a composition. Most string sextets have been written for an ensemble consisting of two violins, two violas, and ...

– * Sinfonietta – * Trio – **

Clarinet trio A clarinet trio is a chamber ensemble that consists of a clarinet, a bowed string instrument and a piano, or a musical work for such an ensemble. The string instrument can be a cello, a viola, or a violin. Therefore, a clarinet trio can be ref ...

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Jazz trio A jazz trio is a group of three jazz musicians, often a piano trio comprising a pianist, a double bass player and a drummer. Jazz trios are commonly named after their leader, such as the Bill Evans Trio. Variants and examples Famous examples inc ...

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Organ trio An organ trio is a form of jazz ensemble consisting of three musicians; a Hammond organ player, a drummer, and either a jazz guitarist or a saxophone player. In some cases the saxophonist will join a trio which consists of an organist, guitarist, ...

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Piano trio A piano trio is a group of piano and two other instruments, usually a violin and a cello, or a piece of music written for such a group. It is one of the most common forms found in classical chamber music. The term can also refer to a group of musi ...

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String trio A string trio is a group of three string instruments or a piece written for such a group. From at least the 19th century on, the term "string trio" with otherwise unspecified instrumentation normally refers to the combination violin, viola and cell ...

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Genres of music

Music genre A music genre is a conventional category that identifies some pieces of music as belonging to a shared tradition or set of conventions. It is to be distinguished from ''musical form'' and musical style, although in practice these terms are some ...

(

list A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union ...

) *

Blues Blues is a music genre and musical form which originated in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s. Blues incorporated spirituals, work songs, field hollers, shouts, chants, and rhymed simple narrative ballads from the Afr ...

– * Classical – *

Country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, while the ...

– *

Electronic Electronic may refer to: *Electronics, the science of how to control electric energy in semiconductor * ''Electronics'' (magazine), a defunct American trade journal *Electronic storage, the storage of data using an electronic device *Electronic co ...

– ** Electronic dance – *

Electronica Electronica is both a broad group of electronic-based music styles intended for listening rather than strictly for dancing and a music scene that started in the early 1990s in the United Kingdom. In the United States, the term is mostly used to r ...

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Folk Folk or Folks may refer to: Sociology *Nation *People * Folklore ** Folk art ** Folk dance ** Folk hero ** Folk music *** Folk metal *** Folk punk *** Folk rock ** Folk religion * Folk taxonomy Arts, entertainment, and media * Folk Plus or Fol ...

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Funk Funk is a music genre that originated in African American communities in the mid-1960s when musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of various music genres that were popular among African Americans in the m ...

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Gospel Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the 2nd century it came to be used also for the books in which the message was set out. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words an ...

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Grunge Grunge (sometimes referred to as the Seattle sound) is an alternative rock genre and subculture that emerged during the in the American Pacific Northwest state of Washington, particularly in Seattle and nearby towns. Grunge fuses elements of p ...

– * Hip hop – *

Jazz Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues and ragtime. Since the 1920s Jazz Age, it has been recognized as a major ...

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Avant-garde jazz Avant-garde jazz (also known as avant-jazz and experimental jazz) is a style of music and improvisation that combines avant-garde art music and composition with jazz. It originated in the early 1950s and developed through to the late 1960s. Orig ...

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Chamber jazz Chamber jazz is a genre of jazz involving small, acoustic-based ensembles where group interplay is important. It is influenced aesthetically by the small ensembles of chamber music in musical neoclassicism and is often influenced by classical f ...

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Free jazz Free jazz is an experimental approach to jazz improvisation that developed in the late 1950s and early 1960s when musicians attempted to change or break down jazz conventions, such as regular tempos, tones, and chord changes. Musicians during ...

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Latin jazz Latin jazz is a genre of jazz with Latin American rhythms. The two main categories are Afro-Cuban jazz, rhythmically based on Cuban popular dance music, with a rhythm section employing ostinato patterns or a clave, and Afro-Brazilian jazz, whic ...

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Orchestral jazz An orchestra (; ) is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which combines instruments from different families. There are typically four main sections of instruments: * bowed string instruments, such as the violin, viola, ...

– *

Latin Latin (, or , ) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages. Latin was originally a dialect spoken in the lower Tiber area (then known as Latium) around present-day Rome, but through the power of the ...

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Latin ballad Latin ballad ( es, balada romántica) is a sentimental ballad derived from bolero that originated in the early 1960s in Los Angeles, California and Southern California. Some of the best known artists of the Latin ballad are Julio Iglesias, Moceda ...

– *

Martial music Martial music or military music is a specific genre of music intended for use in military settings performed by professional soldiers called field musicians. Much of the military music has been composed to announce military events as with b ...

* Pop – **

Dance-pop Dance-pop is a popular music subgenre that originated in the late 1970s to early 1980s. It is generally uptempo music intended for nightclubs with the intention of being danceable but also suitable for contemporary hit radio. Developing from a ...

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Electropop Electropop is a hybrid music genre combining elements of electronic and pop genres. Writer Hollin Jones has described it as a variant of synth-pop with heavy emphasis on its electronic sound. The genre was developed in the 1980s and saw a re ...

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Reggae Reggae () is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s. The term also denotes the modern popular music of Jamaica and its diaspora. A 1968 single by Toots and the Maytals, " Do the Reggay" was the first popular song to use ...

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Rhythm and blues Rhythm and blues, frequently abbreviated as R&B or R'n'B, is a genre of popular music that originated in African-American communities in the 1940s. The term was originally used by record companies to describe recordings marketed predominantly ...

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Rock Rock most often refers to: * Rock (geology), a naturally occurring solid aggregate of minerals or mineraloids * Rock music, a genre of popular music Rock or Rocks may also refer to: Places United Kingdom * Rock, Caerphilly, a location in Wales ...

– ** Heavy metal – **

Progressive rock Progressive rock (shortened as prog rock or simply prog; sometimes conflated with art rock) is a broad genre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States through the mid- to late 1960s, peaking in the early 1970s. Init ...

– **

Psychedelic rock Psychedelic rock is a rock music Music genre, genre that is inspired, influenced, or representative of psychedelia, psychedelic culture, which is centered on perception-altering hallucinogenic drugs. The music incorporated new electronic sound ...

– ** Punk rock – *

Ska Ska (; ) is a music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1950s and was the precursor to rocksteady and reggae. It combined elements of Caribbean mento and calypso with American jazz and rhythm and blues. Ska is characterized by a walki ...

– *

Theatre music Theatre music refers to a wide range of music composed or adapted for performance in theatres. Genres of theatre music include opera, ballet and several forms of musical theatre, from pantomime to operetta and modern stage musicals and revues. Ano ...

– **

Ballet Ballet () is a type of performance dance that originated during the Italian Renaissance in the fifteenth century and later developed into a concert dance form in France and Russia. It has since become a widespread and highly technical form of ...

– **

Opera Opera is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically a collaboration between a composer and a librett ...

– **

Musical theatre Musical theatre is a form of theatrical performance that combines songs, spoken dialogue, acting and dance. The story and emotional content of a musical – humor, pathos, love, anger – are communicated through words, music, movemen ...

– ***

Incidental music Incidental music is music in a play, television program, radio program, video game, or some other presentation form that is not primarily musical. The term is less frequently applied to film music, with such music being referred to instead as t ...

–

Music by region

Cultural and regional genres of music :

Africa Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent, after Asia in both cases. At about 30.3 million km2 (11.7 million square miles) including adjacent islands, it covers 6% of Earth's total surface area ...

:: West Africa :::

Benin Benin ( , ; french: Bénin , ff, Benen), officially the Republic of Benin (french: République du Bénin), and formerly Dahomey, is a country in West Africa. It is bordered by Togo to the west, Nigeria to the east, Burkina Faso to the north ...

•

Burkina Faso Burkina Faso (, ; , ff, 𞤄𞤵𞤪𞤳𞤭𞤲𞤢 𞤊𞤢𞤧𞤮, italic=no) is a landlocked country in West Africa with an area of , bordered by Mali to the northwest, Niger to the northeast, Benin to the southeast, Togo and Ghana to the ...

•

Cape Verde , national_anthem = () , official_languages = Portuguese , national_languages = Cape Verdean Creole , capital = Praia , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , demonym ...

•

Côte d'Ivoire Ivory Coast, also known as Côte d'Ivoire, officially the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire, is a country on the southern coast of West Africa. Its capital is Yamoussoukro, in the centre of the country, while its largest city and economic centre is ...

•

Gambia The Gambia,, ff, Gammbi, ar, غامبيا officially the Republic of The Gambia, is a country in West Africa. It is the smallest country within mainland AfricaHoare, Ben. (2002) ''The Kingfisher A-Z Encyclopedia'', Kingfisher Publicatio ...

•

Ghana Ghana (; tw, Gaana, ee, Gana), officially the Republic of Ghana, is a country in West Africa. It abuts the Gulf of Guinea and the Atlantic Ocean to the south, sharing borders with Ivory Coast in the west, Burkina Faso in the north, and To ...

•

Guinea Guinea ( ),, fuf, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫, italic=no, Gine, wo, Gine, nqo, ߖߌ߬ߣߍ߫, bm, Gine officially the Republic of Guinea (french: République de Guinée), is a coastal country in West Africa. It borders the Atlantic Ocean to the we ...

•

Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau ( ; pt, Guiné-Bissau; ff, italic=no, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫 𞤄𞤭𞤧𞤢𞥄𞤱𞤮, Gine-Bisaawo, script=Adlm; Mandinka: ''Gine-Bisawo''), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau ( pt, República da Guiné-Bissau, links=no ) ...

•

Liberia Liberia (), officially the Republic of Liberia, is a country on the West African coast. It is bordered by Sierra Leone to Liberia–Sierra Leone border, its northwest, Guinea to its north, Ivory Coast to its east, and the Atlantic Ocean ...

•

Mali Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali ...

•

Mauritania Mauritania (; ar, موريتانيا, ', french: Mauritanie; Berber: ''Agawej'' or ''Cengit''; Pulaar: ''Moritani''; Wolof: ''Gànnaar''; Soninke:), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania ( ar, الجمهورية الإسلامية ...

•

Niger ) , official_languages = , languages_type = National languagesNigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...

•

Senegal Senegal,; Wolof: ''Senegaal''; Pulaar: 𞤅𞤫𞤲𞤫𞤺𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭 (Senegaali); Arabic: السنغال ''As-Sinighal'') officially the Republic of Senegal,; Wolof: ''Réewum Senegaal''; Pulaar : 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 � ...

•

Sierra Leone Sierra Leone,)]. officially the Republic of Sierra Leone, is a country on the southwest coast of West Africa. It is bordered by Liberia to the southeast and Guinea surrounds the northern half of the nation. Covering a total area of , Sierra ...

• Music of Togo, Togo :: North Africa :::

Algeria ) , image_map = Algeria (centered orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Algiers , coordinates = , largest_city = capital , relig ...

•

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Mediter ...

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Libya Libya (; ar, ليبيا, Lībiyā), officially the State of Libya ( ar, دولة ليبيا, Dawlat Lībiyā), is a country in the Maghreb region in North Africa. It is bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to Egypt–Libya bo ...

•

Morocco Morocco (),, ) officially the Kingdom of Morocco, is the westernmost country in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It overlooks the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Atlantic Ocean to the west, and has land borders with Algeria to ...

•

Sudan Sudan ( or ; ar, السودان, as-Sūdān, officially the Republic of the Sudan ( ar, جمهورية السودان, link=no, Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa. It shares borders with the Central African Republic t ...

•

South Sudan South Sudan (; din, Paguot Thudän), officially the Republic of South Sudan ( din, Paankɔc Cuëny Thudän), is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is bordered by Ethiopia, Sudan, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the C ...

•

Tunisia ) , image_map = Tunisia location (orthographic projection).svg , map_caption = Location of Tunisia in northern Africa , image_map2 = , capital = Tunis , largest_city = capital , ...

•

Western Sahara Western Sahara ( '; ; ) is a disputed territory on the northwest coast and in the Maghreb region of North and West Africa. About 20% of the territory is controlled by the self-proclaimed Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (SADR), while the r ...

:: Central Africa :::

Angola , national_anthem = " Angola Avante"() , image_map = , map_caption = , capital = Luanda , religion = , religion_year = 2020 , religion_ref = , coordina ...

•

Burundi Burundi (, ), officially the Republic of Burundi ( rn, Repuburika y’Uburundi ; Swahili language, Swahili: ''Jamuhuri ya Burundi''; French language, French: ''République du Burundi'' ), is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley at the ...

•

Cameroon Cameroon (; french: Cameroun, ff, Kamerun), officially the Republic of Cameroon (french: République du Cameroun, links=no), is a country in west-central Africa. It is bordered by Nigeria to the west and north; Chad to the northeast; the C ...

•

Central African Republic The Central African Republic (CAR; ; , RCA; , or , ) is a landlocked country in Central Africa. It is bordered by Chad to the north, Sudan to the northeast, South Sudan to the southeast, the DR Congo to the south, the Republic of th ...

•

Chad Chad (; ar, تشاد , ; french: Tchad, ), officially the Republic of Chad, '; ) is a landlocked country at the crossroads of North and Central Africa. It is bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic ...

•

The Democratic Republic of the Congo The Democratic Republic of the Congo (french: République démocratique du Congo (RDC), colloquially "La RDC" ), informally Congo-Kinshasa, DR Congo, the DRC, the DROC, or the Congo, and formerly and also colloquially Zaire, is a country in ...

•

Equatorial Guinea Equatorial Guinea ( es, Guinea Ecuatorial; french: Guinée équatoriale; pt, Guiné Equatorial), officially the Republic of Equatorial Guinea ( es, link=no, República de Guinea Ecuatorial, french: link=no, République de Guinée équatoria ...

•

Gabon Gabon (; ; snq, Ngabu), officially the Gabonese Republic (french: République gabonaise), is a country on the west coast of Central Africa. Located on the equator, it is bordered by Equatorial Guinea to the northwest, Cameroon to the north ...

•

Republic of the Congo The Republic of the Congo (french: République du Congo, ln, Republíki ya Kongó), also known as Congo-Brazzaville, the Congo Republic or simply either Congo or the Congo, is a country located in the western coast of Central Africa to the w ...

•

Rwanda Rwanda (; rw, u Rwanda ), officially the Republic of Rwanda, is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator ...

•

São Tomé and Príncipe São Tomé and Príncipe (; pt, São Tomé e Príncipe (); English: " Saint Thomas and Prince"), officially the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe ( pt, República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe), is a Portuguese-speaking i ...

:: East Africa :::

•

Comoros The Comoros,, ' officially the Union of the Comoros,; ar, الاتحاد القمري ' is an independent country made up of three islands in southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. It ...

•

Djibouti Djibouti, ar, جيبوتي ', french: link=no, Djibouti, so, Jabuuti officially the Republic of Djibouti, is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Somalia to the south, Ethiopia to the southwest, Eritrea in the north, and the Red ...

•

Eritrea Eritrea ( ; ti, ኤርትራ, Ertra, ; ar, إرتريا, ʾIritriyā), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. It is bordered by Ethiopia ...

•

Ethiopia Ethiopia, , om, Itiyoophiyaa, so, Itoobiya, ti, ኢትዮጵያ, Ítiyop'iya, aa, Itiyoppiya officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, is a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa. It shares borders with Eritrea to the ...

•

Kenya ) , national_anthem = "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu"() , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , capital = Nairobi , coordinates = , largest_city = Nairobi , ...

•

Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially the Republic of Madagascar ( mg, Repoblikan'i Madagasikara, links=no, ; french: République de Madagascar), is an island country in the Indian Ocean, approximately off the coast of East Africa ...

•

Malawi Malawi (; or aláwi Tumbuka: ''Malaŵi''), officially the Republic of Malawi, is a landlocked country in Southeastern Africa that was formerly known as Nyasaland. It is bordered by Zambia to the west, Tanzania to the north and northeast ...

•

Mauritius Mauritius ( ; french: Maurice, link=no ; mfe, label=Mauritian Creole, Moris ), officially the Republic of Mauritius, is an island nation in the Indian Ocean about off the southeast coast of the African continent, east of Madagascar. It incl ...

•

Mozambique Mozambique (), officially the Republic of Mozambique ( pt, Moçambique or , ; ny, Mozambiki; sw, Msumbiji; ts, Muzambhiki), is a country located in southeastern Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east, Tanzania to the north, Malawi ...

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Seychelles Seychelles (, ; ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (french: link=no, République des Seychelles; Creole: ''La Repiblik Sesel''), is an archipelagic state consisting of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city, V ...

•

Somalia Somalia, , Osmanya script: 𐒈𐒝𐒑𐒛𐒐𐒘𐒕𐒖; ar, الصومال, aṣ-Ṣūmāl officially the Federal Republic of SomaliaThe ''Federal Republic of Somalia'' is the country's name per Article 1 of thProvisional Constituti ...

•

Tanzania Tanzania (; ), officially the United Republic of Tanzania ( sw, Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a country in East Africa within the African Great Lakes region. It borders Uganda to the north; Kenya to the northeast; Comoro Islands and ...

•

Uganda }), is a landlocked country in East Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territor ...

•

Zambia Zambia (), officially the Republic of Zambia, is a landlocked country at the crossroads of Central Africa, Central, Southern Africa, Southern and East Africa, although it is typically referred to as being in Southern Africa at its most cent ...

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Zimbabwe Zimbabwe (), officially the Republic of Zimbabwe, is a landlocked country located in Southeast Africa, between the Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers, bordered by South Africa to the south, Botswana to the south-west, Zambia to the north, and Mozam ...

:: Southern Africa :::

Botswana Botswana (, ), officially the Republic of Botswana ( tn, Lefatshe la Botswana, label=Setswana, ), is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. Botswana is topographically flat, with approximately 70 percent of its territory being the Kalahar ...

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Lesotho Lesotho ( ), officially the Kingdom of Lesotho, is a country landlocked country, landlocked as an Enclave and exclave, enclave in South Africa. It is situated in the Maloti Mountains and contains the Thabana Ntlenyana, highest mountains in Sou ...

•

Namibia Namibia (, ), officially the Republic of Namibia, is a country in Southern Africa. Its western border is the Atlantic Ocean. It shares land borders with Zambia and Angola to the north, Botswana to the east and South Africa to the south and ea ...

•

South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. It is bounded to the south by of coastline that stretch along the South Atlantic and Indian Oceans; to the north by the neighbouring countri ...

•

Eswatini Eswatini ( ; ss, eSwatini ), officially the Kingdom of Eswatini and formerly named Swaziland ( ; officially renamed in 2018), is a landlocked country in Southern Africa. It is bordered by Mozambique to its northeast and South Africa to its no ...

:: Dependencies :::

Mayotte Mayotte (; french: Mayotte, ; Shimaore: ''Maore'', ; Kibushi: ''Maori'', ), officially the Department of Mayotte (french: Département de Mayotte), is an overseas department and region and single territorial collectivity of France. It is loc ...

(France) • St. Helena (UK) •

Puntland Puntland ( so, Puntland, ar, أرض البنط, it, Terra di Punt or ''Paese di Punt''), officially the Puntland State of Somalia ( so, Dowlad Goboleedka Puntland ee Soomaaliya, ar, ولاية أرض البنط الصومالية), is a F ...

•

Somaliland Somaliland,; ar, صوماليلاند ', ' officially the Republic of Somaliland,, ar, جمهورية صوماليلاند, link=no ''Jumhūrīyat Ṣūmālīlānd'' is a ''de facto'' sovereign state in the Horn of Africa, still conside ...

• Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic :

Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subcontinent of Eurasia, which shares the continental landmass of Afro-Eurasia with Africa. Asia covers an area ...

:: Central Asia :::

Kazakhstan Kazakhstan, officially the Republic of Kazakhstan, is a transcontinental country located mainly in Central Asia and partly in Eastern Europe. It borders Russia to the north and west, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan to the southeast, Uzbeki ...

•

Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan,, pronounced or the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia. Kyrgyzstan is bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and the People's Republic of China to the east. ...

•

Tajikistan Tajikistan (, ; tg, Тоҷикистон, Tojikiston; russian: Таджикистан, Tadzhikistan), officially the Republic of Tajikistan ( tg, Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон, Jumhurii Tojikiston), is a landlocked country in Centr ...

•

Turkmenistan Turkmenistan ( or ; tk, Türkmenistan / Түркменистан, ) is a country located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the sout ...

•

Uzbekistan Uzbekistan (, ; uz, Ozbekiston, italic=yes / , ; russian: Узбекистан), officially the Republic of Uzbekistan ( uz, Ozbekiston Respublikasi, italic=yes / ; russian: Республика Узбекистан), is a doubly landlocked cou ...

:: East Asia ::

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

•

Tibet Tibet (; ''Böd''; ) is a region in East Asia, covering much of the Tibetan Plateau and spanning about . It is the traditional homeland of the Tibetan people. Also resident on the plateau are some other ethnic groups such as Monpa people, ...

• Hong Kong • Macau •

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

•

North Korea North Korea, officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK), is a country in East Asia. It constitutes the northern half of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and shares borders with China and Russia to the north, at the Yalu River, Y ...

•

South Korea South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (ROK), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korea, Korean Peninsula and sharing a Korean Demilitarized Zone, land border with North Korea. Its western border is formed ...

•

Mongolia Mongolia; Mongolian script: , , ; lit. "Mongol Nation" or "State of Mongolia" () is a landlocked country in East Asia, bordered by Russia to the north and China to the south. It covers an area of , with a population of just 3.3 million, ...

•

Taiwan Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the nort ...

:: North Asia :::

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

:: Southeast Asia :::

Brunei Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi alphabet, Jawi: , ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely sur ...

•

Burma (Myanmar) Myanmar, ; UK pronunciations: US pronunciations incl. . Note: Wikipedia's IPA conventions require indicating /r/ even in British English although only some British English speakers pronounce r at the end of syllables. As John Wells explai ...

•

Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailand t ...

• East Timor (Timor-Leste) •

Indonesia Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...

•

Laos Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...

•

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

• Music of the Philippines, Philippines (Music of Metro Manila, Metro Manila) • Music of Singapore, Singapore • Music of Thailand, Thailand (Music of Bangkok, Bangkok) • Music of Vietnam, Vietnam :: South Asia ::: Music of Afghanistan, Afghanistan • Music of Bangladesh, Bangladesh • Music of Bhutan, Bhutan • Music of Maldives, Maldives • Music of Nepal, Nepal • Music of Pakistan, Pakistan • Music of Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka ::: Music of India, India :::: States of India: Music of Andhra Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh • Music of Arunachal Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh • Music of Assam, Assam • Music of Bihar, Bihar • Music of Chhattisgarh, Chhattisgarh • Music of Goa, Goa • Music of Gujarat, Gujarat • Music of Haryana, Haryana • Music of Himachal Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh • Music of Jammu and Kashmir, Jammu and Kashmir • Music of Jharkhand, Jharkhand • Music of Karnataka, Karnataka • Music of Kerala, Kerala • Music of Madhya Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh • Music of Maharashtra, Maharashtra • Music of Manipur, Manipur • Music of Meghalaya, Meghalaya • Music of Mizoram, Mizoram • Music of Nagaland, Nagaland • Music of Odisha, Odisha • Music of Punjab, India, Punjab • Music of Rajasthan, Rajasthan • Music of Sikkim, Sikkim • Music of Tamil Nadu, Tamil Nadu • Music of Telangana, Telangana • Music of Tripura, Tripura • Music of Uttar Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh • Music of Uttarakhand, Uttarakhand • Music of West Bengal, West Bengal :: West Asia ::: Music of Armenia, Armenia • Music of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan • Music of Bahrain, Bahrain • Music of Cyprus, Cyprus (including disputed Music of Northern Cyprus, Northern Cyprus) • Music of Georgia (country), Georgia • Music of Iran, Iran • Music of Iraq, Iraq • Music of Israel, Israel • Music of Jordan, Jordan • Music of Kuwait, Kuwait • Music of Lebanon, Lebanon • Music of Oman, Oman • Music of Palestine, State of Palestine • Music of Qatar, Qatar • Music of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Arabia • Music of Syria, Syria • Music of Turkey, Turkey • Music of the United Arab Emirates, United Arab Emirates • Music of Yemen, Yemen : Caucasus (a region considered to be in both Asia and Europe, or between them) :: North Caucasus ::: Parts of

(Chechnya, Ingushetia, Dagestan, Adyghea, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachai-Cherkessia, North Ossetia, Krasnodar Krai, Stavropol Krai) :: South Caucasus ::: Music of Georgia (country), Georgia (including disputed Music of Abkhazia, Abkhazia, Music of South Ossetia, South Ossetia) • Music of Armenia, Armenia • Music of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan (including disputed Music of Nagorno-Karabakh, Nagorno-Karabakh Republic) : Music of Europe, Europe Europe location

:: Music of Akrotiri and Dhekelia, Akrotiri and Dhekelia • Music of the Åland Islands, Åland • Music of Albania, Albania • Music of Andorra, Andorra • Music of Armenia, Armenia • Music of Austria, Austria • Music of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan • Music of Belarus, Belarus • Music of Belgium, Belgium • Music of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina • Music of Bulgaria, Bulgaria • Music of Croatia, Croatia • Music of Cyprus, Cyprus • Music of the Czech Republic, Czech Republic • Music of Denmark, Denmark • Music of Estonia, Estonia • Music of the Faroe Islands, Faroe Islands • Music of Finland, Finland • Music of France, France • Music of Georgia (country), Georgia • Music of Germany, Germany • Music of Gibraltar, Gibraltar • Music of Greece, Greece • Music of Guernsey, Guernsey • Music of Hungary, Hungary • Music of Iceland, Iceland • Music of the Republic of Ireland, Ireland • Music of the Isle of Man, Isle of Man • Music of Italy, Italy (Music in Rome, Rome) • Music of Jersey, Jersey •

• Music of Kosovo, Kosovo • Music of Latvia, Latvia • Music of Liechtenstein, Liechtenstein • Music of Lithuania, Lithuania • Music of Luxembourg, Luxembourg • Music of the Republic of Macedonia, Macedonia • Music of Malta, Malta • Music of Moldova, Moldova (including disputed Music of Transnistria, Transnistria) • Music of Monaco, Monaco • Music of Montenegro, Montenegro • Music of the Netherlands, Netherlands • Music of Poland, Poland • Music of Portugal, Portugal • Music of Romania, Romania •

• Music of San Marino, San Marino • Music of Serbia, Serbia • Music of Slovakia, Slovakia • Music of Slovenia, Slovenia • :: Music of Norway, Norway ::: Music of Svalbard, Svalbard ::Music of Spain, Spain ::: Autonomous communities of Spain: Music of Catalonia, Catalonia :: Music of Sweden, Sweden • Music of Switzerland, Switzerland • Music of Turkey, Turkey • Music of Ukraine, Ukraine :: Music of the United Kingdom, United Kingdom ::: English folk music, England (Music of Cornwall, Cornwall, Music of London, London, Music of Sussex, Sussex) • Music of Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland • Music of Scotland, Scotland • Music of Wales, Wales (Music of Cardiff, Cardiff, Music of Newport, Newport) :: Music of Vatican City, Vatican City :: Music of the European Union, European Union : Music of North America, North America :: Music of Canada, Canada LocationCanadaAmerica

::: Provinces of Canada: • Music of Alberta, Alberta • Music of British Columbia, British Columbia (Music of Vancouver, Vancouver) • Music of Manitoba, Manitoba • Music of New Brunswick, New Brunswick • Music of Newfoundland and Labrador, Newfoundland and Labrador • Music of Nova Scotia, Nova Scotia • Music of Ontario, Ontario • Music of Prince Edward Island, Prince Edward Island • Music of Quebec, Quebec • Music of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan ::: Territories of Canada: Music of the Northwest Territories, Northwest Territories • Music of Nunavut, Nunavut • Music of Yukon, Yukon ::Music of Greenland, Greenland • Music of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Pierre and Miquelon :: Music of the United States, United States Location USA in America

::: Music of Alabama, Alabama • Music of Alaska, Alaska • Music of Arizona, Arizona (Music of Tucson, Arizona, Tucson) • Music of Arkansas, Arkansas • Music of California, California (Music of Los Angeles, Los Angeles) • Music of Colorado, Colorado Music of Denver, Denver • Music of Connecticut, Connecticut • Music of Delaware, Delaware • Music of Florida, Florida • Music of Georgia (U.S. state), Georgia (Music of Athens, Georgia, Athens, Music of Atlanta, Atlanta) • Music of Hawaii, Hawaii • Music of Idaho, Idaho • Music of Illinois, Illinois (Music of Chicago, Chicago) • Music of Indiana, Indiana • Music of Iowa, Iowa • Music of Kansas, Kansas • Music of Kentucky, Kentucky • Music of Louisiana, Louisiana • Music of Maine, Maine • Music of Maryland, Maryland (Music of Annapolis, Annapolis, Music of Baltimore, Baltimore) • Music of Massachusetts, Massachusetts • Music of Michigan, Michigan (Music of Detroit, Detroit) • Music of Minnesota, Minnesota • Music of Mississippi, Mississippi • Music of Missouri, Missouri • Music of Montana, Montana • Music of Nebraska, Nebraska • Music of Nevada, Nevada • Music of New Hampshire, New Hampshire • Music of New Jersey, New Jersey • Music of New Mexico, New Mexico • Music of New York, New York (Music of New York City, New York City) • Music of North Carolina, North Carolina • Music of North Dakota, North Dakota • Music of Ohio, Ohio • Music of Oklahoma, Oklahoma • Music of Oregon, Oregon • Music of Pennsylvania, Pennsylvania (Music of Philadelphia, Philadelphia) • Music of Rhode Island, Rhode Island • Music of South Carolina, South Carolina • Music of South Dakota, South Dakota • Music of Tennessee, Tennessee • Music of Texas, Texas Music of Austin, Texas, Austin • Music of Utah, Utah • Music of Vermont, Vermont • Music of Virginia, Virginia • Music of Washington (state), Washington (Music of Olympia, Olympia, Music of Seattle, Seattle) • Music of West Virginia, West Virginia • Music of Wisconsin, Wisconsin • Music of Wyoming, Wyoming ::: Music of Washington, D.C., Washington, D.C. :: Music of Mexico, Mexico Location mexico in america

:: Central America ::: Music of Belize, Belize • Music of Costa Rica, Costa Rica • Music of El Salvador, El Salvador • Music of Guatemala, Guatemala • Music of Honduras, Honduras • Music of Nicaragua, Nicaragua • Music of Panama, Panama :: Caribbean ::: Music of Anguilla, Anguilla • Music of Antigua and Barbuda, Antigua and Barbuda • Music of Aruba, Aruba • Music of the Bahamas, Bahamas • Music of Barbados, Barbados • Music of Bermuda, Bermuda • Music of the British Virgin Islands, British Virgin Islands • Music of the Cayman Islands, Cayman Islands • Music of Cuba, Cuba • Music of Dominica, Dominica • Music of the Dominican Republic, Dominican Republic • Music of Grenada, Grenada • Music of Haiti, Haiti • Music of Jamaica, Jamaica • Music of Montserrat, Montserrat • Music of the Netherlands Antilles, Netherlands Antilles • Music of Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico • Music of Saint Barthélemy, Saint Barthélemy • Music of Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Kitts and Nevis • Music of Saint Lucia, Saint Lucia • Music of Saint Martin, Saint Martin • Music of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines • Music of Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad and Tobago • Music of the Turks and Caicos Islands, Turks and Caicos Islands • Music of the United States Virgin Islands, United States Virgin Islands :''Music of Oceania, Oceania'' (includes the continent of Music of Australia, Australia) :: Australasia ::: Music of Australia, Australia Location Australia

:::: (Music of Adelaide, Adelaide, Music of Perth, Perth, Music of Sydney, Sydney) :::: Dependencies/Territories of Australia ::::: Music of Christmas Island, Christmas Island • Music of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Cocos (Keeling) Islands • Music of Norfolk Island, Norfolk Island ::: Music of New Zealand, New Zealand :: Melanesia ::: Music of Fiji, Fiji •

(Oceanian part only) • Music of New Caledonia, New Caledonia (France) • Music of Papua New Guinea, Papua New Guinea • Music of the Solomon Islands, Solomon Islands • Music of Vanuatu, Vanuatu • :: Micronesia ::: Music of the Federated States of Micronesia, Federated States of Micronesia • Music of Guam, Guam (USA) • Music of Kiribati, Kiribati • Music of the Marshall Islands, Marshall Islands • Music of Nauru, Nauru • Music of the Northern Mariana Islands, Northern Mariana Islands (USA) • Music of Palau, Palau • Music of Wake Island, Wake Island (USA) • :: Polynesia ::: Music of American Samoa, American Samoa (USA) • Music of the Chatham Islands, Chatham Islands (NZ) • Music of the Cook Islands, Cook Islands (NZ) • Music of Easter Island, Easter Island (Chile) • Music of French Polynesia, French Polynesia (France) • Music of Hawaii, Hawaii (USA) • Music of the Loyalty Islands, Loyalty Islands (France) • Music of Niue, Niue (NZ) • Music of the Pitcairn Islands, Pitcairn Islands (UK) • Music of Adamstown, Pitcairn Islands, Adamstown • Music of Samoa, Samoa • Music of Tokelau, Tokelau (NZ) • Music of Tonga, Tonga • Music of Tuvalu, Tuvalu • Music of Wallis and Futuna, Wallis and Futuna (France) : Music of South America, South America Location of South America

:: Music of Argentina, Argentina • Music of Bolivia, Bolivia • Music of Brazil, Brazil • Music of Chile, Chile • Music of Colombia, Colombia • Music of Ecuador, Ecuador • Music of the Falkland Islands, Falkland Islands • Music of Guyana, Guyana • Music of Paraguay, Paraguay • Music of Peru, Peru • Music of Suriname, Suriname • Music of Uruguay, Uruguay • Music of Venezuela, Venezuela : South Atlantic :: Music of Ascension Island, Ascension Island • Music of Saint Helena, Saint Helena • Music of Tristan da Cunha, Tristan da Cunha

Musical compositions

Musical composition

Types of musical pieces and compositions

Musical form

Single-movement forms

* Strophic form (AA...) – * Binary form (AB) – * Ternary form less often tertiary (ABA) – * Arch form (ABCBA)

Multi-movement forms

* Ballet (music), Ballet – * Cantata – * Chorale – * Concerto – * Dance (music), Dance – * Etude – * Fantasia (music), Fantasia – * Fugue – * Mass (music), Mass – *

– * Oratorio – * Prelude (music), Prelude – * Requiem – * Rhapsody (music), Rhapsody – * Sonata (music), Sonata – * Suite (music), Suite – * Symphonic poem – * Symphony –

Sections of a piece or composition

Section (music) * Introduction (music), Introduction – * Exposition (music), Exposition – * Recapitulation (music), Recapitulation – * Verse-chorus form, Verse – * refrain, Refrain (chorus) – * Bridge (music), Bridge – * wikt:interlude, Interlude – * Guitar solo – * Conclusion (music), Conclusion – * Coda (music), Coda – * Fade (audio engineering)#Origins and early examples, Fadeout

Musical notation

Musical notation – * Musical staff, Staff – ** Clefs – ** Key signature – *** key (music), Key – ** Time signature – *** beat (music), Beats – ** Bar (music), Bars (Measures) – ** Ledger lines – * Grand staff – * Note (music), Notes – ** Note values – ** Dotted notes – ** Tie (music), Ties – * accidental (music), Accidentals – ** Tempo – ** dynamics (music), Dynamics – * Lyrics (included on vocal music) – * Modern musical symbols * Sheet music, Score (for musical ensemble, ensembles) – * Sheet music

Variations of musical notation

* Percussion notation – * Figured bass – * Lead sheets – * Chord charts – ** Shape note system –

Musical techniques

* Bell chord * Broken chords ** Arpeggio *** Bass arpeggiation *** Non-harmonic arpeggio * Ostinato * Tremolo * Guitar performance techniques

Musical skills and procedures

* Absolute pitch – * Ear training – * Fingering (music), Fingering – * Learning music by ear – * Modulation (music), Modulation – * Numerical sight-singing – * Practice (music), Practice – * Relative pitch – * Sight reading – * Swing (jazz performance style), "Swinging" – * Transposition (music), Transposition – * Musical tuning, Tuning – * Virtuoso, Virtuosity –

Vocal ranges

* Vocal range –

Female ranges

* Soprano – * Mezzo-soprano – * Alto (voice), Contralto –

Male ranges

* Boy soprano – * Sopranist – * Alto (voice), Alto – * Tenor – * Baritone – * Bass-baritone – * Bass (vocal range), Bass –

Musical instruments

Musical instrument (List of musical instruments) * Wind instruments – * Percussion instruments – * String instruments – * Vocal music, Voice – * Electronic instruments – * Keyboard instruments – ** Musical keyboard – ''See also the'' List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number

Music technology

Music technology – * Music technology (electric), Electric music technology * Music technology (electronic and digital), Electronic and digital music technology * Music technology (mechanical), Mechanical music technology

Music industry

Music industry * Album – * Compact disc, Compact disc (CD) – * Compact Cassette – * Concert – * Concert tour – * Grammy Awards – * Music recording sales certification – * Performance – * Gramophone record, Record – * Record industry – * Recording studio – * Single (music), Single –

Music industry participants

* A&R – * American Society of Composers, Authors, and Publishers, ASCAP – * Band manager – * Booking agent – * Broadcast Music Incorporated, BMI – * Copyright collective – * Disc jockey – * Mechanical-Copyright Protection Society, MCPS – * Musician – person who writes, performs, or makes music. Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music. ** Instrumentalist – one who plays a musical instrument. *** Traditional instrumentalist – one who plays folk music on traditional instruments such as gongs. *** Classical instrumentalist – one who plays classical music, usually with Western orchestral instruments such as the violin, flute etc. *** Instrumentalists who plays popular music – one who plays with instruments in the big band, e.g. the electric guitar, drums, saxophone, trumpet, trombone etc. ** Singer – a vocalist. ** Composer – person who creates music, either by musical notation or oral tradition, for interpretation and performance, or through direct manipulation of sonic material through electronic media. *** Songwriter – *** Arrangement, Arranger – ** Conducting, Conductor – leads a musical ensemble. A conductor may simultaneously act as an instrumentalist in the ensemble. ** Recording artist – creates sound recording, recorded music, such as compact discs, CDs and MP3, MP3 files. * Trade union, Musicians' Union – * Music publisher (popular music), Publisher – * Performing Right Society, PRS – * Record producer – * Record label – * Record distributor – * Tour promoter – * Road crew, Road crew ("roadies") – * Performance rights organisation –

Music theory

Elements of music

Elements of music – * Pitch (music), Pitch – * Scale (music), Scale – * Mode (music), Mode – * Chord (music), Chord – * Dynamics (music) – * Articulation (music), Articulation – * Texture (music), Texture – * Consonance and dissonance – * Musical expression, Expression – * Harmony – * Melody – * Musical form – * Musical notation, Notation – * Rhythm – * Timbre –

Musicology

Musicology – * Biomusicology – ** Evolutionary musicology – * Cognitive musicology – * Ethnomusicology – * Historical musicology – * Systematic musicology – ** Sociomusicology (music sociology) – ** Philosophy of music – ** Music acoustics (physics of music) – ** Computer sciences of music *** Sound and music computing – *** Music information retrieval – *** Computing in musicology – * Zoomusicology –

Music education

Music education – * Music lessons –

Music and politics

Music and politics –

Music organizations

* Musicians' Union (United Kingdom), Musicians' Union (UK) * Sony Music, Sony Music Entertainment * International Music Council * International Federation of the Phonographic Industry * Australian Recording Industry Association

Music publications

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Psychology of music

Psychology of music * Cognitive musicology * Cognitive neuroscience of music * Culture in music cognition * Music and emotion * Music-specific disorders * Music therapy * Psychoacoustics * Psychoanalysis and music * Psychology of music preference

External links

{{sisterlinks, Music
''Taxonomy of musical instruments''

The Virginia Tech Multimedia Music Dictionary
with definitions, pronunciations, examples, quizzes and simulations
The Music-Web Music Encyclopedia
for musicians, composers and music lovers

complete, with references to a list of specialised music dictionaries (by continent, by instrument, by genre, etc.)
Musico-Dico
a little music encyclopedia.
"On Hermeneutical Ethics and Education: Bach als Erzieher"
a paper by Prof. Miguel Ángel Quintana Paz in which he explains the history of the different views hold about music in Western societies, since the Ancient Greece to our days.
BBC Blast Music
For 13- to 19-year-olds interested in learning about, making, performing and talking about music.
Musical Terms
- Glossary of music terms from Naxos
Monthly Online Features From Bloomingdale School of Music
addressing a variety of musical topics for a wide audience

Articles meant to stimulate people's awareness about the peace enhancing, transforming,
PhilosophyOfMusic.org
edited by Dustin Garlitz
Experimental Early Music
{{Music topics, state=expanded {{Outline footer {{DEFAULTSORT:Music Music-related lists, Musical terminology, Outlines of culture and arts, Music Wikipedia outlines, Music