This is a list of Austrian scientists and scientists from the Austria of Austria-Hungary.

Economists

* Siegfried Becher, economist and government minister * Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk *

Ernst Fehr Ernst Fehr (born 21 June 1956 in Hard, Austria) is an Austrian-Swiss behavioral economist and neuroeconomist and a Professor of Microeconomics and Experimental Economic Research, as well as the vice chairman of the Department of Economics at the ...

Simon Gächter Simon Gächter (born 8 March 1965 in Nenzing, Vorarlberg) is an Austrian economist. He currently is professor of the psychology of economic decision making at the University of Nottingham. Gächter attended the University of Vienna, where he rec ...

* Friedrich Hayek, economist and social scientist, Bank of Sweden Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1974 * Rudolf Hilferding (1877-1941), Marxist and politician (murdered by the Gestapo in Paris) * Leopold Kohr, economist *

Carl Menger Carl Menger von Wolfensgrün (; ; 28 February 1840 – 26 February 1921) was an Austrian economist and the founder of the Austrian School of economics. Menger contributed to the development of the theories of marginalism and marginal utility ...

, founder of the Austrian School of economics * Ludwig von Mises, free-market economist * Oskar Morgenstern, co-founder of

game theory Game theory is the study of mathematical models of strategic interactions among rational agents. Myerson, Roger B. (1991). ''Game Theory: Analysis of Conflict,'' Harvard University Press, p.&nbs1 Chapter-preview links, ppvii–xi It has appli ...

Martin Nowak Martin Andreas Nowak (born April 7, 1965) is an Austrian-born professor of Mathematical and theoretical biology, mathematical biology, at Harvard University since 2003. He is one of the leading researchers in the field that studies the role of co ...

* Joseph Schumpeter, economist (neoclassical), born in Triech, Austria-Hungary *

Othmar Spann Othmar Spann (1 October 1878 – 8 July 1950) was a conservative Austrian philosopher, sociologist and economist whose radical anti-liberal and anti-socialist views, based on early 19th century Romantic ideas expressed by Adam Müller et al. ...

, economist and philosopher * Friedrich von Wieser, economist (regarded as follower of the Austrian School of economics)

Engineers, inventors

* Carlo Abarth, motorcycle racer and car designer * Igo Etrich (1879-1967), aviation pioneer and pilot * Anselm Franz, pioneer in

jet engine A jet engine is a type of reaction engine discharging a fast-moving jet of heated gas (usually air) that generates thrust by jet propulsion. While this broad definition can include rocket, Pump-jet, water jet, and hybrid propulsion, the term ...

engineering *

Gaston Glock Gaston Glock (born 19 July 1929) is an Austrian engineer and businessman who is the founder of the company Glock, who are best known for developing the Glock pistol in 1981. Manufacturing Glock began as a manufacturer of curtain rods in the 1960 ...

, inventor, founder of GLOCK GmbH *

Claire Gmachl Claire F. Gmachl is the Eugene Higgins Professor of Electrical Engineering at Princeton University. She is best known for her work in the development of quantum cascade lasers. Education and honors Gmachl earned her M.Sc. in Physics from the ...

, quantum cascade laser and mid-IR technologies pioneer *

Eduard Haas Eduard Haas III (1897–1989) was an Austrian businessman. In 1927, Mr. Haas developed the Pez confectionery. Biography Haas was born at Leonding near Linz in Austria-Hungary

, inventor of

Pez Pez (, ; stylised as PEZ) is the brand name of an Austrian candy and associated manual candy dispensers. The candy is a pressed, dry, straight-edged, curved-corner block 15 mm ( inch) long, 8 mm ( inch) wide and 5 mm ...

candy *

Ingeborg Hochmair Ingeborg J. Hochmair-Desoyer (born 1953) is an Austrian electrical engineer and the CEO and CTO of hearing implant company MED-EL. Dr Hochmair and her husband Prof. Erwin Hochmair co-created the first micro-electronic multi-channel cochlear i ...

, electrical engineer who developed the modern cochlear implant *

Viktor Kaplan Viktor Kaplan (27 November 1876 – 23 August 1934) was an Austrian engineer and the inventor of the Kaplan turbine. Life Kaplan was born in Mürzzuschlag, Austria into a railroad worker's family. He graduated from high school in Vienna in 1895 ...

, inventor of turbines for river power plants * Wilhelm Kress, aviation pioneer, inventor of the stick control for airplanes * Hedy Lamarr, known for research in frequencies, needed for mobile phones * Siegfried Marcus, automobile pioneer (vehicles of 1870 and 1889), lived most of his life in Austria * Alois Negrelli, engineer and railroad pioneer (created the plans for the

Suez Canal The Suez Canal ( arz, قَنَاةُ ٱلسُّوَيْسِ, ') is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea through the Isthmus of Suez and dividing Africa and Asia. The long canal is a popular ...

) * Ferdinand Porsche, automotive engineer, designed the Volkswagen (the "people's car"), born in Austria-Hungary * Johann Puch, engineer and entrepreneur * Josef Ressel, inventor of the marine screw propeller * Edmund Rumpler, engineer, aviation pioneer * Alois Senefelder, inventor of the printing technique of Lithography * Nikola Tesla, inventor, mechanical engineer, and electrical engineer (prior to moving to Paris in 1882) * Max Valier, rocketry pioneer *

Auer von Welsbach Auer von Welsbach: * Alois Auer, ''Ritter von'' Welsbach ** Carl Auer, ''Freiherr (Baron) von'' Welsbach, son of Alois See also * Auer (surname) * Auer (disambiguation) Auer may refer to: People * Auer (surname) Places and rivers ; Germany ...

, inventor of gaslight

Philosophers

Nathan Birnbaum Nathan Birnbaum ( he, נתן בירנבוים; pseudonyms: "Mathias Acher", "Dr. N. Birner", "Mathias Palme", "Anton Skart", "Theodor Schwarz", and "Pantarhei"; 16 May 1864 – 2 April 1937) was an Austrian writer and journalist, Jewish thinker a ...

, philosopher (created the word " Zionism") * Franz Brentano, philosopher and psychologist * Martin Buber (1878-1965), philosopher, born in Vienna *

Christian von Ehrenfels Christian von Ehrenfels (also ''Maria Christian Julius Leopold Freiherr von Ehrenfels''; 20 June 1859 – 8 September 1932) was an Austrian philosopher, and is known as one of the founders and precursors of Gestalt psychology. Christian von Eh ...

, philosopher * Herbert Feigl, philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle) * Paul Feyerabend (died 1994), philosopher *

Philipp Frank Philipp Frank (March 20, 1884 – July 21, 1966) was a physicist, mathematician and philosopher of the early-to-mid 20th century. He was a logical positivist, and a member of the Vienna Circle. He was influenced by Mach and was one of the Machist ...

, philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle) *

Heinrich Gomperz Heinrich Gomperz (January 18, 1873 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary – December 27, 1942 in Los Angeles, California) was an Austrian philosopher. He was a son of Theodor Gomperz. He was a patient of Sigmund Freud Sigmund Freud ( , ; born Sigismund ...

(1873-1942), philosopher, born in Vienna * Edmund Husserl, philosopher (born in Prossnitz, Austria-Hungary) * Victor Kraft, philosopher * Nachman Krochmal, philosopher, historian and theologian * Alexius Meinong (1853-1920), philosopher (theory of objects) * Otto Neurath, socialist, economist and philosopher *

Karl Popper Sir Karl Raimund Popper (28 July 1902 – 17 September 1994) was an Austrian-British philosopher, academic and social commentator. One of the 20th century's most influential philosophers of science, Popper is known for his rejection of the cl ...

, philosopher (born in Austria, became British) * Moritz Schlick, philosopher (member of the Vienna Circle) *

, philosopher and economist * Rudolf Steiner, mystic and philosopher *

Friedrich Waismann Friedrich Waismann (; 21 March 18964 November 1959) was an Austrian mathematician, physicist, and philosopher. He is best known for being a member of the Vienna Circle and one of the key theorists in logical positivism. Biography Born to a Jewis ...

, mathematician, philosopher and physicist (member of the Vienna Circle) * Otto Weininger, philosopher * Ludwig Wittgenstein, philosopher, born 1889 in Vienna

Physicians

* Alfred Adler, psychiatrist, father of Individual Psychology * Hans Asperger, pediatrician (most known for work on

autism The autism spectrum, often referred to as just autism or in the context of a professional diagnosis autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or autism spectrum condition (ASC), is a neurodevelopmental condition (or conditions) characterized by difficulti ...

, Asperger syndrome named for him) *

Leopold Auenbrugger Josef Leopold Auenbrugger or Avenbrugger (19 November 1722 – 17 May 1809), also known as Leopold von Auenbrugger, was an Austrian physician who invented percussion as a diagnostic technique. On the strength of this discovery, he is consid ...

(1722-1809), physician (method of percussion) *

Robert Bárány Robert Bárány ( hu, Bárány Róbert, ; 22 April 1876 – 8 April 1936) was an Austrian-born otologist. He received the 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work on the physiology and pathology of the vestibular apparatus. Life ...

, physician, 1914 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine *

Georg Joseph Beer Georg Joseph Beer (23 December 1763 – 11 April 1821) was an Austrian ophthalmologist. He is credited with introducing a flap operation for treatment of cataracts (Beer's operation), as well as popularizing the instrument used to perform the su ...

, physician (forerunner in ophthalmology) *

Lorenz Böhler Lorenz Böhler (15 January 1885 in Wolfurt, Austria – 20 January 1973 in Vienna) was an Austrian physician and surgeon. Böhler is most notable as one of the creators of modern accident surgery. He was the head of the AUVA-Hospital in Vienna, ...

, physician * Josef Breuer, psychiatrist (forerunner in psychoanalysis) * Carl Cori, born in Prague, Austria-Hungary, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947 *

Ernst, Baron von Feuchtersleben Baron Ernst von Feuchtersleben (full name: Ernst Maria Johann Karl ''Freiherr'' von Feuchtersleben; 29 April 18063 September 1849), was an Austrian physician, poet and philosopher. He was a member of the von Feuchtersleben Family Life He was born ...

, physician and poet *

Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow Ernst von Fleischl-Marxow, also Ernst Fleischl von Marxow (5 August 1846, Vienna – 22 October 1891, Vienna), son of Karl Fleischl Edlem von Marxow and his wife Ida (née Marx) was an Austrian physiologist and physician who became known for his i ...

, physician and physiologist (studies of nerves and the brain) *

Viktor Frankl Viktor Emil Frankl (26 March 1905 – 2 September 1997) was an Austrian psychiatrist who founded logotherapy, a school of psychotherapy that describes a search for a life's meaning as the central human motivational force. Logotherapy is part ...

, psychiatrist, father of

logotherapy Logotherapy was developed by neurologist and psychiatrist Viktor Frankl and is based on the premise that the primary motivational force of an individual is to find a meaning in life. Frankl describes it as "the Third Viennese School of Psychothe ...

* Sigmund Freud, psychiatrist, father of psychoanalysis * Karl von Frisch, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine *

Otto Gross Otto Hans Adolf Gross (17 March 1877 – 13 February 1920) was an Austrian psychoanalyst. A maverick early disciple of Sigmund Freud, he later became an anarchist and joined the utopian Ascona community. His father Hans Gross was a judge turned ...

, physician and revolutionist *

Josef Hyrtl Josef Hyrtl (7 December 1810 – 17 July 1894) was an Austrian anatomist. Biography Hyrtl was born at Kismarton, Hungary (now Eisenstadt, Austria). He began his medical studies in Vienna in 1831, having received his preliminary education in ...

, anatomist * Nicolaus Joseph Jacquin, physician and botanist * Eric Kandel, neuropsychiatrist (born Vienna, emigrated to the US) * Leo Kanner, child psychiatrist *

Fritz Köberle Fritz Köberle (October 1, 1910 in Eichgraben, Austria – February 20, 1983) was an Austrian-Brazilian physician, pathologist and scientist, discoverer of the neurogenic mechanism of the chronic phase of Chagas disease, a human parasitic disease ...

, physician (emigrated to Brazil) * Karl Landsteiner (1886-1943), physician, serologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine *

Franz Mesmer Franz Anton Mesmer (; ; 23 May 1734 – 5 March 1815) was a German physician with an interest in astronomy. He theorised the existence of a natural energy transference occurring between all animated and inanimate objects; this he called " ani ...

(1734-1815), physician, developed an early form of hypnotism *

Ernst Moro Ernst Moro (8 December 1874 in Laibach, Duchy of Carniola, Austria-Hungary, today Ljubljana, Slovenia – 1951) was an Austrian physician and pediatrician who was the first in western medicine to describe the infant reflex that was named after h ...

, physician and pediatrician *

Paracelsus Paracelsus (; ; 1493 – 24 September 1541), born Theophrastus von Hohenheim (full name Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim), was a Swiss physician, alchemist, lay theologian, and philosopher of the German Renaissance. He w ...

(real name: Theophrast von Hohenheim), alchemist and physician * Clemens von Pirquet, pediatrician and scientist in bacteriology and immunology * Karl Pribram, physician, neuroscientist, originator of

Holonomic brain theory Holonomic brain theory, also known as The Holographic Brain, is a branch of neuroscience investigating the idea that human consciousness is formed by quantum effects in or between brain cells. Holonomic refers to representations in a Hilbert phas ...

Carl Rabl Carl Rabl (2 May 1853 in Wels, Austria – 24 December 1917 in Leipzig, Germany Carl Rabl
at

Wilhelm Reich (1897-1957), psychiatrist *

Erwin Ringel Erwin Ringel (April 27, 1921 – July 28, 1994) was an Austrian psychiatrist and neurologist who dedicated his life to suicide prevention and who, in 1960, defined the '' presuicidal syndrome''. In 1960 he founded the International Associa ...

(1921-1994), Austrian psychiatrist ('' presuicidal syndrome'') * Hans Selye, physician (emigrated to Canada) * Ignaz Semmelweis, physician (born in Hungary, Austria-Hungary) *

Hans Steiner Hans Steiner (June 27, 1946 – October 17, 2022) was an Austrian-born American professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences, child and adolescent psychiatry and human development at Stanford University, School of Medicine. In 2010 he was a ...

, child and adolescent psychiatrist *

Julius Wagner-Jauregg Julius Wagner-Jauregg (; 7 March 1857 – 27 September 1940) was an Austrian physician, who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1927, and is the first psychiatrist to have done so. His Nobel award was "for his discovery of the therapeu ...

, physician, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1927 *

Rudolf Wlassak Rudolf Wlassak (27 March 1865, Brno - 10 March 1930, Vienna) was an Austrian physiologist and neurologist. He was a pioneer in the hospital treatment of alcoholism. He was born in Brno, Austrian Empire (now Czech Republic). He studied medicine at ...

, physiologist and neurologist 1865-1930

Physicists, mathematicians and chemists

Emil Artin Emil Artin (; March 3, 1898 – December 20, 1962) was an Austrian mathematician of Armenian descent. Artin was one of the leading mathematicians of the twentieth century. He is best known for his work on algebraic number theory, contributing lar ...

, mathematician ( Artin's conjecture) * Norbert Bischofberger, chemist * Wilhelm Blaschke, mathematician * Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906), physicist, born in Vienna * Fritjof Capra, physicist * Christian Andreas Doppler, physicist, 1803-1853, born in Salzburg (See

Doppler effect The Doppler effect or Doppler shift (or simply Doppler, when in context) is the change in frequency of a wave in relation to an observer who is moving relative to the wave source. It is named after the Austrian physicist Christian Doppler, who d ...

) * Paul Ehrenfest, physicist and mathematician * Heinz Falk, chemist *

Kurt Gödel Kurt Friedrich Gödel ( , ; April 28, 1906 – January 14, 1978) was a logician, mathematician, and philosopher. Considered along with Aristotle and Gottlob Frege to be one of the most significant logicians in history, Gödel had an imme ...

, mathematician (born in Austria-Hungary, became a naturalized US citizen) * Thomas Gold, astrophysicist,

geophysicist Geophysics () is a subject of natural science concerned with the physical processes and physical properties of the Earth and its surrounding space environment, and the use of quantitative methods for their analysis. The term ''geophysics'' som ...

, controversial for ' steady state' view of cosmos and

abiogenic petroleum origin The abiogenic petroleum origin is a fringe science which proposes that most of earth's petroleum and natural gas deposits were formed inorganically. Mainstream theories about the formation of hydrocarbons on earth point to an origin from the decompo ...

theory *

Wolfgang Gröbner Wolfgang Gröbner (11 February 1899 – 20 August 1980) was an Austrian mathematician. His name is best known for the Gröbner basis, used for computations in algebraic geometry. However, the theory of Gröbner bases for polynomial rings was dev ...

, mathematician (best known for Gröbner basis) * Hans Hahn, mathematician (member of the Vienna Circle) * Wilhelm Karl, Ritter von Haidinger, physicist, geologist and mineralogist of the 19th century * Friedrich Hasenöhrl, physicist *

Victor Franz Hess Victor Franz Hess (; 24 June 188317 December 1964) was an Austrian-American physicist, and Nobel laureate in physics, who discovered cosmic rays. Biography He was born to Vinzenz Hess and Serafine Edle von Grossbauer-Waldstätt, in Waldstein ...

, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics *

Nikolaus Joseph von Jacquin Nikolaus Joseph Freiherr von Jacquin (16 February 172726 October 1817) was a scientist who studied medicine, chemistry and botany. Biography Born in Leiden in the Netherlands, he studied medicine at Leiden University, then moved first to P ...

, chemist * Walter Kohn, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1998 *

Karl Kordesch Karl Kordesch (18 March 1922 – 12 January 2011) was an Austrian chemist and inventor, most notable for jointly inventing the alkaline battery. In 1953 he moved to the United States as part of Operation Paperclip. Life Kordesch was born in Vie ...

, chemist and inventor *

Anton Schrötter von Kristelli Anton Schrötter von Kristelli (26 November 1802 – 15 April 1875) was an Austrian chemist and mineralogist born in Olomouc, Moravia. His son Leopold Schrötter Ritter von Kristelli (1837–1908) was a noted laryngology, laryngologist. Academi ...

, chemist and mineralogist (red phosphor) * Richard Kuhn, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1938 * Johann Josef Loschmidt, physicist and chemist *

Ernst Mach Ernst Waldfried Josef Wenzel Mach ( , ; 18 February 1838 – 19 February 1916) was a Moravian-born Austrian physicist and philosopher, who contributed to the physics of shock waves. The ratio of one's speed to that of sound is named the Mach ...

, physicist and philosopher (

Mach number Mach number (M or Ma) (; ) is a dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound. It is named after the Moravian physicist and philosopher Ernst Mach. : \mathrm = \frac ...

) *

Lise Meitner Elise Meitner ( , ; 7 November 1878 – 27 October 1968) was an Austrian-Swedish physicist who was one of those responsible for the discovery of the element protactinium and nuclear fission. While working at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute on rad ...

, physicist * Karl Menger, mathematician ( Menger's theorem, Menger sponge); son of

) * Ronald Micura, chemist * Richard von Mises, physicist (younger brother of Ludwig von Mises) *

Otto E. Neugebauer Otto Eduard Neugebauer (May 26, 1899 – February 19, 1990) was an Austrian-American mathematician and historian of science who became known for his research on the history of astronomy and the other exact sciences as they were practiced in anti ...

, mathematician and astronomer * Wolfgang Pauli, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics 1945 *

Max Ferdinand Perutz Max Ferdinand Perutz (19 May 1914 – 6 February 2002) was an Austrian-born British molecular biologist, who shared the 1962 Nobel Prize for Chemistry with John Kendrew, for their studies of the structures of haemoglobin and myoglobin. He went ...

, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962 * Josef Maximilian Petzval, physicist and mathematician *

Fritz Pregl Fritz Pregl ( sl, Friderik Pregl; 3 September 1869 – 13 December 1930), was a Slovenian-Austrian chemist and physician from a mixed Slovene-German-speaking background. He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1923 for making important contribut ...

, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923 * Johann Radon, mathematician * Otto Redlich, physical chemist * Leopold Ružička (born in Croatia, Austria-Hungary in 1887), chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1944 *

Karl Schlögl Karl Schlögl (October 5, 1924 – May 4, 2007) was professor of organic chemistry at the University of Vienna and secretary as well as vice-president of the Austrian Academy of Sciences. Biography Karl Schlögl was born October 5, 1924 in Vienna ...

, chemist * Erwin Schrödinger, physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics *

Heinrich Franz Friedrich Tietze Heinrich Franz Friedrich Tietze (August 31, 1880 – February 17, 1964) was an Austrian mathematician, famous for the Tietze extension theorem on functions from topological spaces to the real numbers. He also developed the Tietze transformat ...

, mathematician *

Leopold Vietoris Leopold Vietoris (; ; 4 June 1891 – 9 April 2002) was an Austrian mathematician, World War I veteran and supercentenarian. He was born in Radkersburg and died in Innsbruck. He was known for his contributions to topology—notably the Mayer–V ...

(1891-2002), mathematician * Victor Frederick Weisskopf, physicist (worked on the Manhattan Project) * Carl Auer von Welsbach, chemist *

Anton Zeilinger Anton Zeilinger (; born 20 May 1945) is an Austrian quantum physicist and Nobel laureate in physics of 2022. Zeilinger is professor of physics emeritus at the University of Vienna and senior scientist at the Institute for Quantum Optics and Qua ...

, physicist *

Gernot Zippe Gernot Zippe (November 1917 – 7 May 2008) was an Austrian born German mechanical engineer who is widely credited with leading the team which developed the Zippe-type centrifuge, a centrifuge machine for the enrichment and collection of Urani ...

, physicist (developed

Zippe-type centrifuge The Zippe-type centrifuge is a gas centrifuge designed to enrich the rare fissile isotope uranium-235 (235U) from the mixture of isotopes found in naturally occurring uranium compounds. The isotopic separation is based on the slight difference in m ...

to extract Uranium-235 for nuclear weapons) * Mario Zippermayr, physicist, inventor of the thermobaric weapon * Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1925

Psychologists

* Bruno Bettelheim, psychologist * Anna Freud, child psychologist * Sigmund Freud, founding father of psychoanalysis *

Fritz Heider Fritz Heider (19 February 1896 – 2 January 1988) was an Austrian psychologist whose work was related to the Gestalt school. In 1958 he published ''The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations'', which expanded upon his creations of balance theory a ...

, psychologist * Melanie Klein (1882-1960), child psychotherapist (emigrated to England in 1926) *

Walter Mischel Walter Mischel (; February 22, 1930 – September 12, 2018) was an Austrian-born American psychologist specializing in personality theory and social psychology. He was the Robert Johnston Niven Professor of Humane Letters in the Department o ...

(1930-2018), psychologist * Otto Rank, pioneer psychologist * Paul Watzlawick (1921-2007), family therapist and psychologist

Other scientists

* Ludwig von Bertalanffy, biologist, systems theory *

Othenio Abel Othenio Lothar Franz Anton Louis Abel (June 20, 1875 – July 4, 1946) was an Austrian paleontologist and evolutionary biologist. Together with Louis Dollo, he was the founder of "paleobiology" and studied the life and environment of fossilized or ...

, paleontologist * Max Adler (1873-1937), jurist and Marxist author *

Christopher Alexander Christopher Wolfgang John Alexander (4 October 1936 – 17 March 2022) was an Austrian-born British-American architect and design theorist. He was an emeritus professor at the University of California, Berkeley. His theories about the nature o ...

, architectural theorist *

Wilhelm Alzinger Wilhelm Alzinger (August 11, 1928 in Vienna – January 2, 1998 in Vienna) was an Austrian classical archaeologist. Life Alzinger studied classical archaeology at the University of Vienna from 1946 and earned his doctorate under Hedwig Kenn ...

, archeologist * Oscar Baumann, philosopher, explorer, ethnologist and geographer * Heinz von Foerster, physicist and philosopher (working in the field of cybernetics) * Joseph von Hammer-Purgstall, orientalist *

Julius Hann Julius Ferdinand von Hann (23 March 1839 in Wartberg ob der Aist near Linz – 1 October 1921 in Vienna) was an Austrian meteorologist. He is seen as a father of modern meteorology. Biography He was educated at the gymnasium of Kremsmünster an ...

, meteorologist *

Hans Hass Hans Hass (23 January 1919 – 16 June 2013) was an Austrian biologist and underwater diving pioneer. He was known mainly for being among the first scientists to popularise coral reefs, stingrays, octopuses and sharks. He pioneered the making of ...

, biologist * Wolf-Dieter Heiss, neuroscientist * Thomas Henzinger, computer scientist, founding president of the IST Austria * Hans Kelsen, jurist; father of the

Austrian constitution The Constitution of Austria (german: Österreichische Bundesverfassung) is the body of all constitutional law of the Republic of Austria on the federal level. It is split up over many different acts. Its centerpiece is the Federal Constitutional L ...

Paul Felix Lazarsfeld Paul Felix Lazarsfeld (February 13, 1901August 30, 1976) was an Austrian-American sociologist. The founder of Columbia University's Bureau of Applied Social Research, he exerted influence over the techniques and the organization of social resea ...

, social scientist * Otto Loewi, pharmacologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (born in Germany, but spent 40 years in Austria, from age 25-65) * Konrad Lorenz, zoologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine * Gregor Mendel, pioneer of genetics *

August Emanuel von Reuss August Emanuel Rudolph von Reuss (8 July 1811 in Bílina, Bohemia26 November 1873 in Vienna), Austrian geologist and palaeontologist, was the son of Franz Ambrosius Reuss (1761–1830) and the father of ophthalmologist August Leopold von Reuss ( ...

, paleontologist * Rupert Riedl, zoologist * Joseph Rock, explorer, geographer, botanist and linguist