Lipót Baumhorn ( hu, Baumhorn Lipót, german: Leopold Baumhorn, 28 December 1860,
Kisbér – 8 July 1932, Kisbér) was a
Hungarian architect
An architect is a person who plans, designs and oversees the construction of buildings. To practice architecture means to provide services in connection with the design of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings that h ...
of Jewish heritage, the most influential Hungarian synagogue architect in the first half of the 20th century. He drew blueprints for about 20 synagogues in the
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
.
Career
He graduated from the main real school in Győr, the technical university in Vienna under
Freiherr von Ferstel, König and Weyr. Then he came to Budapest and worked for 12 years in the office of architects Ödön Lechner and Gyula Pártos. In 1893 and 1899. He traveled to Italy, 1904. to Central Europe for architectural studies. His first independent work was the Moorish-style synagogue in Esztergom, built in 1888, which established his reputation. Since then, B. built 22 synagogues in Hungary, the most significant of which is Szeged (1903), which was one of the largest in the old Austro-Hungarian monarchy (with 740 men's and 600 women's seats), significant new rural, Nagybecskerek, Fiume, Brassó, Temesvár, Szolnok, Cegléd, Eger, Losonc,
Liptószentmiklós, Budapest: Aréna-út, Páva utca, Csáky utca synagogues. Other buildings include: The King of Győr. table (1890), the glass factories of Salgótarján (1893), the pavilion of the paper and reproduction industry of the millennial exhibition (1896), the headquarters of the Temesvár Valley Water Regulatory Company, the Temesvár higher girls' school, the headquarters of the Szeged-Csongrád Savings Bank, (1903), the Újvidék Savings Bank the Baja Savings Bank, the Temesvár Lloyd and the Stock Exchange Palace (1910–12).
Buildings
Secular buildings
* Temesvár-Béga Palace (
Timișoara
), City of Roses ( ro, Orașul florilor), City of Parks ( ro, Orașul parcurilor)
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, map_caption = Location in Timiș County
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)
* Junior High School (
Timișoara
), City of Roses ( ro, Orașul florilor), City of Parks ( ro, Orașul parcurilor)
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, map_caption = Location in Timiș County
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, 1902–1904) (with Jakab Klein)
* Szeged-Csongrád Savings Bank (Szeged, Széchenyi tér 7. – Takarékpénztár u. 7. 1902–1903)
* Iron house (Szeged, Horváth Mihály u. 9. – Takarékpénztár u. 8., 1912–1913)
* Wagner Palace (Szeged, Kölcsey u. 4. – Kárász u. 14., 1904–1905)
* Savings Bank Palace (Újvidék (
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
), 1904)
* Menrat’s Palace (Újvidék (
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
), 1908)
* Tomin's Palace (Újvidék (
Novi Sad
Novi Sad ( sr-Cyrl, Нови Сад, ; hu, Újvidék, ; german: Neusatz; see below for other names) is the second largest city in Serbia and the capital of the autonomous province of Vojvodina. It is located in the southern portion of the Pan ...
), 1909)
* Csata Street School (Budapest, 13th district, Csata u. 20., 1909–1911)
* Wagner Palace (Szeged, Feketesas u. 28., 1910–1911)
* Forbát House (Szeged, Dugonics tér 11. – Lajos Tisza 60., 1911–1912)
* Lloyd's Palace (
Timișoara
), City of Roses ( ro, Orașul florilor), City of Parks ( ro, Orașul parcurilor)
, image_map = Timisoara jud Timis.svg
, map_caption = Location in Timiș County
, pushpin_map = Romania#Europe
, pushpin_ ...
, 1912)
* Metal Trading Company Limited Office Building (Budapest, 13th district, Balzac u. 5., 1922)
Headquarters of the Jewish Community
* Headquarters of the Jewish Community of Szeged (Gutenberg u. 20 - Jósika 12., 1901–1903, Szeged)
Synagogues
Lipót Baumhorn designed many synagogues. The following is a detailed list:
Expansions
* Draft of the
Lipótváros Synagogue (1899)
* Expansion of the
Pécs Synagogue (1905)
* Reconstruction of the
Kaposvár Synagogue (1905–1906)
* Reconstruction of the
Synagogue of Liptovský Mikuláš (1906)
* Reconstruction and minor transformation of the
Szeged Old Synagogue (1906)
* Expansion of the
Újpest Synagogue (1909)
* Redesigning the damaged dome of
Kecskemét synagogue with his finger (1910)
* Transformation of Kass Vígadó into a hotel (Szeged, Dózsa u. 1. – Stefánia 8. – Arany János u. 2–4. 1916)
* Extension of the
Csáky Street Synagogue (1925–1927)
* Reconstruction of the
Nagykanizsa Synagogue (1928)
* Plans for the
New Synagogue of Žilina (1920s). He did not win the tender.
[http://magyarzsido.hu/images/zsinagogak/Zsolna.jpg ]
* Expansion of the
Bethlen Space Synagogue (1931–1932)
References
External links
Magyar Életrajzi Lexikon 1000-1990at www.mek.iif.hu
{{DEFAULTSORT:Baumhorn, Lipot
1860 births
1932 deaths
People from Kisbér
Hungarian Jews
Hungarian architects
Jewish architects
Synagogue architecture