222px, Magnus's green salt is an example of a linear chain compound. In

chemistry Chemistry is the science, scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter. It is a natural science that covers the Chemical element, elements that make up matter to the chemical compound, compounds made of atoms, molecules and ions ...

and materials science, linear chain compounds are materials composed of one-dimensional arrays of metal-metal bonded molecules or

ion An ion () is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by conven ...

s. Such materials exhibit

anisotropic Anisotropy () is the property of a material which allows it to change or assume different properties in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. It can be defined as a difference, when measured along different axes, in a material's physic ...

electrical

conductivity Conductivity may refer to: *Electrical conductivity, a measure of a material's ability to conduct an electric current **Conductivity (electrolytic), the electrical conductivity of an electrolyte in solution **Ionic conductivity (solid state), elec ...

Examples

Most examples are composed of square planar complexes. Thus, upon crystallization, molecules of stack with distances of about 326 pm. Classic examples include

Krogmann's salt Krogmann's salt is a linear chain compound consisting of stacks of tetracyanoplatinate. Sometimes described as molecular wires, Krogmann's salt exhibits highly anisotropic electrical conductivity. For this reason, Krogmann's salt and related mat ...

and

Magnus's green salt Magnus's green salt is the inorganic compound with the formula t(NH3)4PtCl4]. This salt is named after Heinrich Gustav Magnus, who, in the early 1830s, first reported the compound. The compound is a linear chain compound, consisting of a chain of ...

. Another example is the partially oxidized derivatives of . The otherwise ordinary complex gives an electrically conductive derivative upon oxidation, e.g., with bromine to give , where x ~0.05. Related chlorides have the formulae and . In contrast to linear chain compounds,

extended metal atom chains In organometallic chemistry, extended metal atom chains (EMACs) are molecules that consist of a Linear chain compound, linear chain of Metal–metal bond, directly bonded metal atoms, surrounded by organic ligands. These compounds represent the sm ...

(EMACs) are molecules or ions that consist of a finite, often short, linear strings of metal atoms, surrounded by organic

ligand In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule (functional group) that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. The bonding with the metal generally involves formal donation of one or more of the ligand's electr ...

One group of platinum chains is based on alternating cations and anions of (R = ''i''Pr, , ) and . These may be able to be used as vapochromic

sensor A sensor is a device that produces an output signal for the purpose of sensing a physical phenomenon. In the broadest definition, a sensor is a device, module, machine, or subsystem that detects events or changes in its environment and sends ...

materials, or materials which change color when exposed to different vapors. Linear chains of Pd-Pd bonds protected by a "π-electron sheath" are known. Not only do these olefin-stabilized metal chains constitute a significant contribution to the field of

organometallic chemistry Organometallic chemistry is the study of organometallic compounds, chemical compounds containing at least one chemical bond between a carbon atom of an organic molecule and a metal, including alkali, alkaline earth, and transition metals, and so ...

, both the complex's metal atom structures and the

olefin In organic chemistry, an alkene is a hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond. Alkene is often used as synonym of olefin, that is, any hydrocarbon containing one or more double bonds.H. Stephen Stoker (2015): General, Organic, an ...

ligands In coordination chemistry, a ligand is an ion or molecule (functional group) that binds to a central metal atom to form a coordination complex. The bonding with the metal generally involves formal donation of one or more of the ligand's electro ...

themselves can conduct a current.

Methodology

Some linear chain compounds are produced or fabricated by electrocrystallization. The technique is used to obtain single crystals of low-dimensional electrical conductors.{{cite book , last1 = Williams , year=1989, first1 = Jack M , title=Inorganic Syntheses, volume = 26 , pages = 386–394 , doi = 10.1002/9780470132579.ch70 , series = Inorganic Syntheses , isbn = 978-0-470-13257-9 , chapter = Highly Conducting and Superconducting Synthetic Metals

References

Nanotechnology Conductive polymers Molecular electronics Semiconductor material types

Examples

Methodology

See also

References