Lindesnes ( en, the Naze) is a

municipality A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate. The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...

Agder Agder is a county (''fylke'') and traditional region in the southern part of Norway. The county was established on 1 January 2020, when the old Vest-Agder and Aust-Agder counties were merged. Since the early 1900s, the term Sørlandet ("south ...

county,

Norway Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...

. It is located in the traditional district of

Sørlandet Southern Norway ( no, Sørlandet; lit. "The Southland") is the geographical List of regions of Norway, region (''landsdel'') along the Skagerrak coast of southern Norway. The region is an informal description since it does not have any govern ...

. The

administrative centre An administrative center is a seat of regional administration or local government, or a county town, or the place where the central administration of a commune is located. In countries with French as administrative language (such as Belgium, Lu ...

of the municipality is the town of

Mandal A tehsil (, also known as tahsil, taluka, or taluk) is a local unit of administrative division in some countries of South Asia. It is a subdistrict of the area within a district including the designated populated place that serves as its administr ...

. Other villages in Lindesnes include

Åvik Åvik is a small seaport village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is on the coast near the southernmost part of Norway, about to the southeast of the village of Svenevig. Åvik sits on the mainland, about north of t ...

Høllen Høllen is a fishing village in Kristiansand municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located at the mouth of the river Søgneelva, between the villages of Eig to the west, Tangvall to the north, and Åros to the east. Høllen is ...

Skofteland Skofteland is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Audna, about northeast of the municipal centre of Vigeland. From Skofteland, there is a road which runs to the northeast to Fuskela ...

Svenevig Svenevig or Svennevik is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the southern coastline, about east of the village of Høllen, Lindesnes, Høllen and about the same distance northwest of the village ...

Vigmostad Vigmostad is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the Audna river in the Audnedalen valley. The village of Konsmo lies about to the north and about north of the village of Vigeland. Vigmosta ...

Heddeland Heddeland is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located about northeast of the village of Øyslebø along the river Mandalselva. The Sørlandet Line The Sørlandet Line ( no, Sørlandsbanen) is a railwa ...

Bjelland Bjelland is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Mandalselva, about southeast of the village of Byremo (in Lyngdal) and about west of the village of Hægeland (in Vennesla). The vil ...

Breland Breland is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located just over the border from the neighboring Kristiansand municipality. The village of Øyslebø lies about to the southwest of Breland. There are about ...

Koland Koland is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located between the villages of Bjelland and Hægeland Hægeland or Hægelandskrossen is a village in Vennesla municipality in Agder county, Norway. The villa ...

Laudal Laudal is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the western shore of the Mandalselva river, about south of the village of Bjelland and about north of the village of Øyslebø. The village of Lau ...

Øyslebø Øyslebø is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located in the Mandalen valley along the Mandalselva river, about north of the town of Mandal. The Sørlandet Line passes the village to the north, stoppin ...

, Bykjernen, Skjebstad, Sånum-Lundevik, Skogsfjord-Hesland,

Krossen Krossen is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located in the Mandalen valley, on the western shore of the river Mandalselva, about north of the town of Mandal and about south of the village of Øysleb� ...

Harkmark Harkmark is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located at the northeastern end of the Harkmarkfjorden, about east of the town of Mandal. The village is the site of the Harkmark Church which is where the H ...

, Skinsnes-

Ime Ime is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located on the east side of the river Mandalselva, along the European route E39 highway. Ime is an eastern suburb of the town of Mandal. Ime might be considered ...

, and Tregde-

Skjernøy Skjernøy is an island in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island is the southernmost inhabited island in Norway. The island sits about southeast of the town of Mandal, about west of the island of Skogsøy, and about nort ...

. The municipality is the 126th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Lindesnes is the 55th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 23,147. The municipality's

population density Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopul ...

is and its population has increased by 4.3% over the previous 10-year period.

General information

Lindesnes left Millenium-FjellIhallen in the Rocks 2004 and Lighthouse museum shop right Norway Foto 2010 Wolfgang Pehlemann IMG 1171

The municipality of Lindesnes was created as a new municipality on 1 January 1964 after the merger of the older municipalities of

Spangereid Spangereid is a List of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality that was located in the old Vest-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1889 until its dissolution in 1964. The municipality was located in the southwe ...

(population: 899),

Sør-Audnedal Sør-Audnedal (former name: Søndre Undal or Sør-Undal) is a List of former municipalities of Norway, former municipality that was located in the old Vest-Agder county in Norway. The municipality existed from 1845 until its dissolution in 1964. ...

(population: 2,323), and

(population: 589). On 1 January 2020, the neighboring municipalities of

and

Marnardal Marnardal is a former municipality in the old Vest-Agder county, Norway. It existed from 1964 until 2020 when it was merged into Lindesnes Municipality in what is now Agder county. It was located in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The ...

were merged into Lindesnes, creating a much larger municipality of Lindesnes. At the same time, the

of the new, larger municipality was moved to the town of

Name

The oldest

Old Norse Old Norse, Old Nordic, or Old Scandinavian, is a stage of development of North Germanic languages, North Germanic dialects before their final divergence into separate Nordic languages. Old Norse was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and t ...

form of the name was . That name is derived from the verb which means "lead/go to an end" and the meaning is probably just "the end". A later form was where the word ''nes'' which means "

headland A headland, also known as a head, is a coastal landform, a point of land usually high and often with a sheer drop, that extends into a body of water. It is a type of promontory. A headland of considerable size often is called a cape.Whittow, John ...

" was added (a word that is related to the English forms ''ness'' and ''naze''). The traditional

English language English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the is ...

version of the name is just the

Naze The Naze is a headland on the east coast of England. It is on the coast of Essex just north of Blackwater and projects into the North Sea. This area is south of the double estuary of the River Stour and River Orwell at Harwich and just nor ...

, derived from ''ness'' meaning headland.

Coat of arms

The

coat of arms A coat of arms is a heraldry, heraldic communication design, visual design on an escutcheon (heraldry), escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard (the latter two being outer garments). The coat of arms on an escutcheon forms the central ele ...

was granted on 25 April 1986. The arms are blue with a white or silver lighthouse on the center. The lighthouse represents the local

Lindesnes Lighthouse Lindesnes Lighthouse ( no, Lindesnes fyr) is a coastal lighthouse at the southernmost tip of Norway, about southwest of the village of Høllen in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county. The present lighthouse was built in 1915, although the statio ...

, the oldest lighthouse in Norway. It was built in 1655 on the Lindesnes peninsula.

Churches

The

Church of Norway The Church of Norway ( nb, Den norske kirke, nn, Den norske kyrkja, se, Norgga girku, sma, Nöörjen gærhkoe) is an evangelical Lutheran denomination of Protestant Christianity and by far the largest Christian church in Norway. The church b ...

has eight parishes () within the municipality of Lindesnes. It is part of the

Lister og Mandal prosti This list of churches in Agder og Telemark is a list of the Church of Norway churches in the Diocese of Agder og Telemark in Agder and Vestfold og Telemark counties in southern Norway. The diocese is based at the Kristiansand Cathedral in the cit ...

(

deanery A deanery (or decanate) is an ecclesiastical entity in the Roman Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Anglican Communion, the Evangelical Church in Germany, and the Church of Norway. A deanery is either the jurisdiction or residenc ...

) in the

Diocese of Agder og Telemark The Diocese of Agder og Telemark ( no, Agder og Telemark bispedømme) is a diocese of the Church of Norway, covering all of Agder county and most of Vestfold og Telemark county in Norway. The cathedral city is Kristiansand, Norway's fifth larges ...

Government

All municipalities in Norway, including Lindesnes, are responsible for

primary education Primary education or elementary education is typically the first stage of formal education, coming after preschool/kindergarten and before secondary school. Primary education takes place in ''primary schools'', ''elementary schools'', or first ...

(through 10th grade), outpatient

health services Health care or healthcare is the improvement of health via the preventive healthcare, prevention, diagnosis, therapy, treatment, wiktionary:amelioration, amelioration or cure of disease, illness, injury, and other disability, physical and menta ...

senior citizen Old age refers to ages nearing or surpassing the life expectancy of human beings, and is thus the end of the human life cycle. Terms and euphemisms for people at this age include old people, the elderly (worldwide usage), OAPs (British usage ...

services,

unemployment Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for Work (human activity), w ...

and other

social services Social services are a range of public services intended to provide support and assistance towards particular groups, which commonly include the disadvantaged. They may be provided by individuals, private and independent organisations, or administe ...

zoning Zoning is a method of urban planning in which a municipality or other tier of government divides land into areas called zones, each of which has a set of regulations for new development that differs from other zones. Zones may be defined for a si ...

economic development In the economics study of the public sector, economic and social development is the process by which the economic well-being and quality of life of a nation, region, local community, or an individual are improved according to targeted goals and o ...

, and municipal

road A road is a linear way for the conveyance of traffic that mostly has an improved surface for use by vehicles (motorized and non-motorized) and pedestrians. Unlike streets, the main function of roads is transportation. There are many types of ...

s. The municipality is governed by a

municipal council A municipal council is the legislative body of a municipality or local government area. Depending on the location and classification of the municipality it may be known as a city council, town council, town board, community council, rural counci ...

of elected representatives, which in turn elect a

mayor In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well a ...

. The municipality falls under the

Agder District Court Agder District Court ( no, Agder tingrett) is a district court located in Agder county, Norway. This court is based at three different courthouses which are located in Farsund, Kristiansand, and Arendal. The court serves most of Agder county and ...

and the

Agder Court of Appeal The Agder Court of Appeal ( no, Agder lagmannsrett) is one of six courts of appeal in the Kingdom of Norway. The Court is located in the town of Skien. The court has jurisdiction over the counties of Vestfold og Telemark and Agder (except for Si ...

Municipal council

The

() of Lindesnes is made up of 21 representatives that are elected to four year terms. The tables below show the current and historical composition of the council by political party.

Geography

Lindesnes is a coastal municipality, with a long stretch of coastline to the south. It borders

Lyngdal is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Lister. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Alleen. Some of the main villages in Lyngdal include Austad, Byremo, Fleseland, Hæ� ...

municipality to the west,

Evje og Hornnes Evje og Hornnes is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Setesdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Evje. Other villages in the municipality include Åneland, Dåsnesmo ...

to the north, and

Kristiansand Kristiansand is a seaside resort city and municipality in Agder county, Norway. The city is the fifth-largest and the municipality the sixth-largest in Norway, with a population of around 112,000 as of January 2020, following the incorporation ...

and

Vennesla Vennesla is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Vennesla. Other villages in Vennesla include Grovane, Hægeland, Homst ...

to the east. The

stands on the southernmost point of the mainland of

, nearly southwest of

Knivskjellodden Knivskjellodden or Knivskjelodden is a peninsula located in Nordkapp Municipality in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. It is the northernmost point on the island of Magerøya in Northern Norway. It is sometimes considered the northernmost point o ...

, the northernmost point of mainland Norway. The southern coast of Lindesnes is rugged and includes several fjords such as the

Snigsfjorden Snigsfjorden or Sniksfjorden is a fjord in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The long fjord begins at the mouth of the river Audna by the small village of Snig, about south of the municipal centre of Vigeland. The fjord heads so ...

and Grønsfjorden as well as many islands such as

Svinør Svinør is an island in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The island lies immediately south of the mainland by the village of Åvik. The island essentially forms the southern part of the Åvik village harbour. The island sits ab ...

. The interior of the municipality follows the Audnadalen valley through which the river

Audna Audna or Audnedalselva is a river in Agder county, Norway. The long river runs from the lake Grindheimsvatnet, just north of the village of Byremo in Lyngdal municipality, south through the Audnedalen valley to its mouth at the Snigsfjorden in L ...

flows south into the Snigsfjorden.

Climate

Lindesnes has a temperate

oceanic climate An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool summers and mild winters ( ...

( Cfb). The weather station has been recording since January 1863, and is situated near the Lindesnes lighthouse on a peninsula protruding into the sea. It is the southernmost mainland point in Norway. The all-time high temperature is recorded August 1975; the all-time low is recorded in January 1987. The five months May - September have not seen any overnight freeze, with coldest low in May 1981 (data since 1954).

Notable residents

Public service & public thinking

Peder Claussøn Friis Peder Claussøn Friis (1 April 1545 – 15 October 1614) was a Norwegian clergyman, author and historian. He is most associated with his translation of ''Snorre Sturlessøns Norske Kongers Chronica''. Peder Claussen Friis grew up in Audnedal i ...

(1545-1614), a Norwegian clergyman and author *

Søren Jaabæk Søren Pedersen Jaabæk (1 April 1814 – 7 January 1894) was a Norway, Norwegian politician and farmer. Jaabæk is the longest-serving member of the Storting, Norwegian Parliament in the history of Norway, and was one of the founders of the L ...

(1814 in Holum – 1894) a politician and farmer; longest-serving member of the Norwegian Parliament from 1845 to 1891 * Geirulf Bugge (1862 in Mandal – 1940) a Norwegian judge &

Supreme Court Justice The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest-ranking judicial body in the United States. Its membership, as set by the Judiciary Act of 1869, consists of the chief justice of the United States and eight Associate Justice of the Supreme ...

* Ivar An Christensen (1868 in Mandal – 1934) a ship owner, with a fleet of eleven steam ships *

Elise Sem Elise Sem (26 November 1870 – 9 January 1950) was a Norwegian barrister, women's activist and sports official. She was the first female attorney in Europe and the first female barrister in Norway. Early life and education She was a daughter of d ...

(1870–1950) a barrister, women's activist and sports official; grew up in Manadal *

Ellen Gleditsch Ellen Gleditsch (29 December 1879 – 5 June 1968) was a Norwegian radiochemist and Norway's second female professor. Starting her career as an assistant to Marie Curie, she became a pioneer in radiochemistry, establishing the half-life of radiu ...

(1879 in Mandal – 1968) a radiochemist and Norway's second female professor *

Karen Platou Karen Platou (9 July 1879 – 10 June 1950) was a Norwegian businesswoman and a politician for the Conservative Party. Platou was the country's first woman to be elected Member of Parliament. She was born in Mandal, Vest-Agder, the daughter o ...

(1879 in Mandal – 1950) politician, the first woman elected Member of Parliament *

Arne Askildsen Arne Askildsen (25 August 1898 – 12 July 1982) was a Norwegian bailiff and politician for the Christian Democratic Party (Norway), Christian Democratic Party. He was born in Kristiansand as a son of Albert Askildsen (1860–1947) and Oline Gunh ...

(1898–1982) politician and bailiff of Mandal and Halse og Harkmark 1928–1968, except in WWII * Asbjørn Aavik (1902 in Åvik - 1997) a Norwegian Lutheran missionary to China and writer *

Leif Edwardsen Leif Edward Edwardsen (20 December 1922 – 13 August 2002) was a Norwegian diplomat. He was born in Mandal, Norway, Mandal, and examen artium, finished his secondary education in 1942. During the Second World War he studied before the university ...

(1922 in Mandal - 2002), Norwegian diplomat *

Knut Aukland Knut Aukland (28 March 1929 – 24 January 2014) was a Norwegian physiologist. He made significant contributions to renal physiology, particularly in fields of renal blood flow measurement and regulation and transcapillary fluid balance, throu ...

(1929 in Vigmostad – 2014) a Norwegian physiologist *

Ole-Johan Dahl Ole-Johan Dahl (12 October 1931 – 29 June 2002) was a Norwegian computer scientist. Dahl was a professor of computer science at the University of Oslo and is considered to be one of the fathers of Simula and object-oriented programming along w ...

(1931 in Mandal – 2002) Norway's foremost computer scientist *

Ludvig Hope Faye Ludvig Hope Faye (4 March 1931 – 1 June 2017) was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Vest-Agder during the term 1977–1981. He was the mayor of Mandal ...

(1931–2017) a Norwegian politician, Mayor of Mandal 1972–1975. *

Ansgar Gabrielsen Ansgar Gabrielsen (born 21 May 1955 in Mandal) is a Norwegian consultant and former politician for the Conservative Party. Early life and local politics He was born in Mandal as a son of Terje Gabrielsen and Astrid Olsen. He is an insurance age ...

(born 1955 in Mandal) a Norwegian consultant and former politician *

Janne Haaland Matláry Dames of Malta, Dame Janne Haaland Matláry (born 27 April 1957) is a Norwegian political scientist, writer, and politician, who formerly represented the Kristelig Folkeparti, Christian Democratic Party. Since 2012 she has been a member of the Con ...

(born 1957) a political scientist, writer, politician and academic

The Arts

Adolph Tidemand Adolph Tidemand (14 August 18148 August 1876) was a noted Norwegian romantic nationalism painter. Among his best known paintings are ''Haugianerne'' (''The Haugeans''; 1852) and '' Brudeferd i Hardanger'' (''The Bridal Procession in Hardanger''; ...

(1814 in Mandal – 1876) a romantic nationalism painter *

Olaf Isaachsen Olaf Wilhelm Isaachsen (May 16, 1835 – September 22, 1893) was a Norwegian landscape and genre painter. Biography He was born in Mandal in Vest-Agder county Norway. Isaachsen belonged to a branch of an affluent and educated merchant family fr ...

(1835 in Madal – 1893) a landscape and genre painter *

Amaldus Nielsen Amaldus Clarin Nielsen (23 May 1838 – 10 December 1932) was a Norwegian painter. Early life He was born in Halse as a son of shipmaster and merchant Niels Clemetsen Nielsen (1795–1845) and his wife Andrea Marie Møller (1802–1866). He gr ...

(1838 in Halse – 1932) "''Norway's first naturalist painter''" *

Gustav Vigeland Gustav Vigeland (11 April 1869 – 12 March 1943), born as Adolf Gustav Thorsen, was a Norwegian sculptor. Gustav Vigeland occupies a special position among Norwegian sculptors, both in the power of his creative imagination and in his product ...

(1869 in Halse og Harkmark - 1943) a Norwegian sculptor, associated with the Vigeland Sculptures in

Frogner Park Frogner Park ( no, Frognerparken) is a public park located in the West End borough of Frogner in Oslo, Norway. The park is historically part of Frogner Manor, and the manor house is located in the south of the park, and houses Oslo Museum. Both ...

, Oslo and designed the

Nobel Peace Prize The Nobel Peace Prize is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Swedish industrialist, inventor and armaments (military weapons and equipment) manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemi ...

medal *

Emanuel Vigeland Emanuel Vigeland (2 December 1875 – 22 December 1948) was a multitalented Norwegian artist. He is known for a variety of decorations of Scandinavian churches and for ''Tomba Emmanuelle'', his mausoleum at Slemdal in Oslo. His elder brother ...

(1875 in Halse og Harkmark - 1948) a multi-talented Norwegian artist *

Kjell Askildsen Kjell Askildsen (30 September 1929 – 23 September 2021) was a Norwegian writer probably best known for his minimalistic short stories. Personal life Askildsen was born in Mandal as a son of bailiff and politician Arne Askildsen (1898–1982) ...

(born 1929 in Mandal) a writer of minimalistic short stories *

Tobias Santelmann Tobias Santelmann (born August 8, 1980) is a German-born Norwegian actor. He is best known for starring in the Academy Award-nominated film ''Kon-Tiki'' (2012). He has also had supporting roles in the films ''Hercules'' (2014) and ''Point Break' ...

(born 1980) a German-born Norwegian actor, grew up in Lindesnes *

Helene Bøksle Helene Margrete Bøksle (born April 1, 1981, Mandal, Norway) is a Norwegian singer and actress. Career Bøksle performs a mixture of traditional Norwegian folk music and popular music. Bøksle has performed with singers such as Bjørn Eidsvå ...

(born 1981 in Mandal) a Norwegian singer and actress IMDb Database
retrieved 19 November 2020

Sport

* Per Arne Nilsen (born 1961 in Mandal) a sailor, participated at the

1984 Summer Olympics The 1984 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the XXIII Olympiad and also known as Los Angeles 1984) were an international multi-sport event held from July 28 to August 12, 1984, in Los Angeles, California, United States. It marked the secon ...

* Bjarne Røyland (born 1971 in Mandal) a bobsledder, competed at the

2002 Winter Olympics The 2002 Winter Olympics, officially the XIX Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Salt Lake 2002 ( arp, Niico'ooowu' 2002; Gosiute Shoshoni: ''Tit'-so-pi 2002''; nv, Sooléí 2002; Shoshoni: ''Soónkahni 2002''), was an internation ...

References

External links

* * *
Municipal fact sheet
from

Statistics Norway Statistics Norway ( no, Statistisk sentralbyrå, abbreviated to ''SSB'') is the Norwegian statistics bureau. It was established in 1876. Relying on a staff of about 1,000, Statistics Norway publish about 1,000 new statistical releases every yea ...

{{use dmy dates, date=December 2020 Municipalities of Agder 1964 establishments in Norway Headlands of Norway North Sea