Linda Chavez-Thompson (born August 3, 1944)Franklin, "Labor's Message Heard in Clear New Voice," ''Chicago Tribune,'' October 30, 1995. is a second-generation

Mexican-American Mexican Americans ( es, mexicano-estadounidenses, , or ) are Americans of full or partial Mexican heritage. In 2019, Mexican Americans comprised 11.3% of the US population and 61.5% of all Hispanic and Latino Americans. In 2019, 71% of Mexica ...

Karsko, "Success of Unions, Middle Class Are Linked, Labor Advocate Says," ''Columbus Dispatch,'' July 22, 1995. and

union Union commonly refers to: * Trade union, an organization of workers * Union (set theory), in mathematics, a fundamental operation on sets Union may also refer to: Arts and entertainment Music * Union (band), an American rock group ** ''Un ...

leader. She was elected the executive vice-president of the AFL-CIO in 1995 and served until September 21, 2007. She was also a vice chair of the

Democratic National Committee The Democratic National Committee (DNC) is the governing body of the United States Democratic Party. The committee coordinates strategy to support Democratic Party candidates throughout the country for local, state, and national office, as well a ...

from 1997 to 2012Kornblut, "Democrats Elect Dean As Committee Chairman," ''New York Times,'' February 13, 2005. and served as a member of the board of trustees of

United Way of America United Way is an international network of over 1,800 local nonprofit fundraising affiliates. United Way was the largest nonprofit organization in the United States by donations from the public, prior to 2016. United Way organizations raise funds ...

. She was the Democratic nominee for

Lieutenant Governor of Texas The lieutenant governor of Texas is the second-highest executive office in the government of Texas, a state in the U.S. It is the second most powerful post in Texas government because its occupant controls the work of the Texas Senate and control ...

in the 2010 election.

Early life

Chavez-Thompson's place of birth is unclear. Although she has been described by some sources as an "illegal immigrant", other references contend that she was born in Lorenzo in Crosby County in West Texas and reared in

Lubbock Lubbock ( ) is the 10th-most populous city in the U.S. state of Texas and the seat of government of Lubbock County. With a population of 260,993 in 2021, the city is also the 85th-most populous in the United States. The city is in the northwe ...

.Greenhouse, "Singing Labor's Song to Immigrants, Legal or Not," ''New York Times,'' February 17, 2001. Her father was a

sharecropper Sharecropping is a legal arrangement with regard to agricultural land in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on that land. Sharecropping has a long history and there are a wide range ...

, and she was one of seven children. At the age of 10, she took a job hoeing cotton in the fields in Lorenzo for the summer. It was a job she worked at for the next nine years. She also picked cotton for several years. She dropped out of high school at age 16 to help support her family, and married at the age of 20. She gave birth to a daughter in 1964 and a son in 1976. She divorced her first husband in 1984 and the next year married Robert Thompson, the long-time president of the Amalgamated Transit Local 694 in San Antonio. He died in 1993 of complications of

lung cancer Lung cancer, also known as lung carcinoma (since about 98–99% of all lung cancers are carcinomas), is a malignant lung tumor characterized by uncontrolled cell growth in tissue (biology), tissues of the lung. Lung carcinomas derive from tran ...

.Kunde, "New Voices Trying to Revitalize Labor," ''Dallas Morning News,'' September 3, 1995.Martin, "Chavez-Thompson Vows to Help Boot Republicans," ''San Antonio Express-News,'' May 6, 1996.

Early union activities

In 1967, Chavez-Thompson became a secretary on the staff of the Construction Laborer's Local 1253 in Lubbock, Texas

Laborers' International Union of North America The Laborers' International Union of North America (LIUNA, stylized as LiUNA!), often shortened to just the Laborers' Union, is an American and Canadian labor union formed in 1903. As of 2017, they had about 500,000 members, about 80,000 of who ...

.McKay, "AFL-CIO: No Longer Too Pale, Too Stale, Too Male," ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette,'' October 29, 1995."AFL-CIO Executive Council Elects Two New Members," press release, AFL-CIO, August 3, 1993. When a tornado struck the Lubbock area that year, she volunteered to coordinate the Texas AFL-CIO's relief efforts. She enjoyed the job so much, she became a staff organizer for the North Texas Laborers District Council. Her first organizing campaign was to help city workers in Lubbock form a union. They were successful. Realizing that public sector organizing was what she enjoyed most, Chavez-Thompson joined the staff of the

American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees The American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees (AFSCME) is the largest trade union of public employees in the United States. It represents 1.3 million public sector employees and retirees, including health care workers, correcti ...

as an International Representative in 1971. She then went to work for (AFSCME Local #2399) in San Antonio in 1973 as an assistant business agent. She was promoted to business agent, then was appointed executive director of Local 2399, AFSCME's San Antonio affiliate. She became a fixture on local TV and in local newspapers. In 1978, she opposed a

wildcat strike The wildcat is a species complex comprising two small wild cat species: the European wildcat (''Felis silvestris'') and the African wildcat (''F. lybica''). The European wildcat inhabits forests in Europe, Anatolia and the Caucasus, while the ...

by members of her local, knowing they would be fired for striking. She was subsequently elected to the executive boards of the San Antonio Central Labor Council and the Texas AFL-CIO. She was elected a vice president of the

Labor Council for Latin American Advancement The Labor Council for Latin American Advancement (LCLAA) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan Latino organization affiliated with the AFL-CIO and the Change to Win federation. It was founded in 1972 to provide Latino trade union members in the United S ...

in 1986. She was first elected an international vice president of AFSCME in 1988. In 1993, Chavez-Thompson became the first Hispanic woman elected to the Executive Council of the AFL-CIO. On March 1, 1995, she was elected executive director of AFSCME Texas Council 42, a statewide council of the union based in

Austin Austin is the capital city of the U.S. state of Texas, as well as the seat and largest city of Travis County, with portions extending into Hays and Williamson counties. Incorporated on December 27, 1839, it is the 11th-most-populous city ...

with 12,000 members in 21 unions.

AFL-CIO career

Election

Chavez-Thompson was elected executive vice-president of the AFL-CIO after John Sweeney ran for the presidency of the labor federation in 1995. The Sweeney campaign initially recruited Chavez-Thompson in May 1995 to serve as the AFL-CIO's secretary-treasurer. But a month later, Sweeney asked

Richard Trumka Richard Louis Trumka (July 24, 1949 – August 5, 2021) was an American attorney and organized labor leader. He served as president of the United Mine Workers from 1982 to 1995, and then was secretary-general of the AFL–CIO from 1995 to 2009. ...

to accept that position. Sweeney subsequently offered to create the post of executive vice-president and asked Chavez-Thompson to be his running mate for that position.Silverstein, "Kirkland to Quit in August in Bid to Block Opposition," ''Los Angeles Times,'' June 13, 1995; Swoboda, "Kirkland Will Leave AFL-CIO," ''Washington Post,'' June 13, 1995; Swoboda, "AFL-CIO Candidate Rejects Unity Ticket," ''Washington Post,'' June 29, 1995; Swoboda, "AFL-CIO Elects New Leadership," ''Washington Post,'' October 26, 1995. During the ensuing campaign, Sweeney complained that supporters of

Thomas R. Donahue Thomas Reilly Donahue Jr. (September 4, 1928 – February 18, 2023) was an American trade union leader who served as Secretary-Treasurer of the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations from 1979 to 1995, interim pre ...

, unfairly criticized Chavez-Thompson's qualifications for office. Donahue admittedly opposed creation of the position, but Donahue's supporters went further and claimed that "Sweeney's proposal to create a new leadership office for council member Linda Chavez-Thompson smacks of tokenism."Crowe, "AFL-CIO Parley Opens As Most Divided Ever," ''Newsday,'' October 24, 1995. In June 1995, AFL-CIO incumbent president

Lane Kirkland Joseph Lane Kirkland (March 12, 1922 – August 14, 1999) was an American labor union leader who served as President of the AFL–CIO from 1979 to 1995. Life and career Kirkland was born in Camden, South Carolina, the son of Louise Beardsley (R ...

resigned. Secretary-Treasurer Donahue was elected by the AFL-CIO Executive Council as his interim replacement at the regularly scheduled Executive Council meeting in early August. After his appointment, Donahue announced he would run for president of the labor federation in October 1995. In a gesture aimed at unionized women and clearly intended to defuse the excitement caused by Chavez-Thompson's candidacy, Donahue named

Barbara Easterling Barbara J. Easterling (born 1943) is an American former labor unionist. Easterling grew up in Akron, Ohio, becoming a telephone operator at Ohio Bell, and also joining the Communication Workers of America (CWA). She became a steward of her local, ...

, secretary-treasurer of the

Communications Workers of America The Communications Workers of America (CWA) is the largest communications and media labor union in the United States, representing about 700,000 members in both the private and public sectors (also in Canada and Puerto Rico). The union has 27 loc ...

, as his choice for AFL-CIO secretary-treasurer. On August 1, 1995, Easterling was appointed by the AFL-CIO Executive Council to the position vacated by Donahue—making her the first woman to serve as an AFL-CIO officer (albeit an appointed officer). The creation of the office of executive vice-president at the AFL-CIO convention in October nearly did not happen. Donahue's supporters claimed that the office was created only to ensure Chavez-Thompson's election after Sweeney passed her over in favor of Trumka. They also opposed the new position because it would allegedly cost $500,000 a year to run and staff it. The charges proved effective with delegates at a time when the AFL-CIO could find few funds for organizing. A two-thirds vote of the delegates was needed to create the position, but the Sweeney camp's internal vote count showed that only about 57 percent of the delegates supported the proposal. In early October 1995, Sweeney began working to persuade delegates to delay a vote on the issue until after the AFL-CIO presidential election on October 24. His hope was that Donahue backers might support creating the position if Donahue had already been defeated. At the AFL-CIO Convention in

Chicago (''City in a Garden''); I Will , image_map = , map_caption = Interactive Map of Chicago , coordinates = , coordinates_footnotes = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name ...

, Sweeney's delegates submitted a motion on October 23 to postpone debate on the new position until after the presidential balloting. A voice vote was held, and Donahue (the convention chair) ruled that the motion was defeated. Sweeney's forces asked for a

division of the house In parliamentary procedure, a division of the assembly, division of the house, or simply division is a Voting methods (parliamentary), method of taking a vote that physically counts members voting. Historically, and often still today, members are ...

, which showed the motion passing.McKay, "Labor Embraces Clinton for Stand on Workers," ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette,'' October 24, 1995; Shorrock, "Sweeney Posed to Oust Donahue at AFL-CIO," ''Journal of Commerce,'' October 25, 1995. On October 25, 1995, 34 unions representing roughly 7.2 million AFL-CIO members voted to create the office of executive vice-president. The measure passed by a mere 700,000 votes out of more than 13 million cast. Chavez-Thompson was elected to fill the position on a voice vote, and Sweeney (now chair of the convention) declared her elected by acclamation. Her election was a "first" in many ways: She became the first woman elected (rather than appointed) an AFL-CIO officer, the first

person of color The term "person of color" ( : people of color or persons of color; abbreviated POC) is primarily used to describe any person who is not considered "white". In its current meaning, the term originated in, and is primarily associated with, the U ...

of either sex elected an AFL-CIO officer, and the first Hispanic elected an AFL-CIO officer.

Activities as executive vice-president

During her tenure as executive vice-president, Chavez-Thompson provided leadership in a number of areas. She spent most of 1996 on the road, acting as the public face of the AFL-CIO and the Sweeney administration's primary shock trooper. She helped with the AFL-CIO's electoral efforts in the 1996 federal elections, and helped with the federation's 1996 push to increase the

minimum wage A minimum wage is the lowest remuneration that employers can legally pay their employees—the price floor below which employees may not sell their labor. Most countries had introduced minimum wage legislation by the end of the 20th century. Bec ...

(a program called "America Needs a Raise"). Beginning in 1996, Chavez-Thompson headed up the AFL-CIO's policy-making group on immigration reform. She was instrumental in the federation's push for reform in 1996 and 1997, and helped forge a new majority on the AFL-CIO Executive Council which later adopted a radical change in the federation's immigrant policy in 2000. In 2003, President Sweeney appointed her to an AFL-CIO task force on organizing. She also was active in the AFL-CIO's federal electoral efforts in 2004.

Political work

Chavez-Thompson has been a lifelong

Democrat Democrat, Democrats, or Democratic may refer to: Politics *A proponent of democracy, or democratic government; a form of government involving rule by the people. *A member of a Democratic Party: **Democratic Party (United States) (D) **Democratic ...

. In 1988, she was elected a delegate from San Antonio pledged to Dukakis. In 1992 and 1996, she was elected as a Democratic delegate pledged to

Bill Clinton William Jefferson Clinton ( né Blythe III; born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd president of the United States from 1993 to 2001. He previously served as governor of Arkansas from 1979 to 1981 and agai ...

, and in 1996 was named an honorary co-chair of his re-election campaign. In January 1997, she was elected a vice chair of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) and appointed a vice chair of the 52nd Presidential Inaugural Committee. The same year, she was also appointed a member of Advisory Board to President Clinton's

One America Initiative One America in the 21st Century: The President's Initiative on Race , or the One America Initiative, was established by U.S. President Bill Clinton in 1997 with . The main thrust of the effort was convening and encouraging community dialogue throu ...

. Chavez-Thompson was re-elected a vice chair of the DNC for four-year terms until she stepped down in 2012.Mysanantonio.com, "Longtime labor leader stepping down from Democratic Party"
/ref>

Retirement

On September 11, 2007, Chavez-Thompson announced she would retire from her post as AFL-CIO executive vice-president on September 21, 2007. President Sweeney nominated

Arlene Holt Baker Arlene Holt Baker (born 1951) is an American trade union activist and labor leader. A staff assistant with the AFL-CIO since 1995, she was appointed executive vice-president of the labor federation by the AFL-CIO Executive Council in 2007 and w ...

, an

African American African Americans (also referred to as Black Americans and Afro-Americans) are an ethnic group consisting of Americans with partial or total ancestry from sub-Saharan Africa. The term "African American" generally denotes descendants of ens ...

and Chavez-Thompson's long-time aide, to be the federation's next executive vice-president. On January 4, 2010, Chavez-Thompson announced she was running for the Democratic nomination for

, and on March 2 she won her party's nomination. She was defeated in the general election by the incumbent

Republican Republican can refer to: Political ideology * An advocate of a republic, a type of government that is not a monarchy or dictatorship, and is usually associated with the rule of law. ** Republicanism, the ideology in support of republics or agains ...

David Dewhurst David Henry Dewhurst (born August 18, 1945) is an American politician, businessman, and attorney who served as the 41st Lieutenant Governor of Texas, serving from 2003 to 2015. A member of the Republican Party, he was the Texas Land Commissioner ...

in November.http://www.dallasnews.com/sharedcontent/dws/news/politics/state/stories/110310dntxtxoffices.1f09aa949.html

Notes

References

*"AFL-CIO Executive Council Elects Two New Members." Press Release. AFL-CIO. August 3, 1993. *Breyer, R. Michelle. "San Antonio Woman Up for AFL-CIO Office." ''Austin American-Statesman.'' October 25, 1995. *Cleeland, Nancy. "AFL-CIO Calls for Amnesty for Illegal U.S. Workers." ''Los Angeles Times.'' February 17, 2000. *"Clinton Campaign Names Honorary Chairs." ''United Press International.'' September 15, 1996. *Crowe, Kenneth C. "AFL-CIO Parley Opens As Most Divided Ever." ''Newsday.'' October 24, 1995. *Davidson, Bruce. "Housing Secretary Henry Cisneros May Be the Texan." ''San Antonio Express-News.'' August 27, 1996. *Fletcher, Michael. "Clinton Names Advisory Panel to Address U.S. Racial Divide." ''Washington Post.'' June 13, 1997. *Franklin, Stephen. "Labor's Message Heard in Clear New Voice." ''Chicago Tribune.'' October 30, 1995. *Franklin, Stephen. "Sweeney Captures AFL-CIO's Top Job." ''Chicago Tribune.'' October 26, 1995. *Galvin, Kevin. "AFL-CIO Election Will Decide Leader, Future." ''Chicago Sun-Times.'' October 22, 1995. *Galvin, Kevin. "Donahue May Find New Post Is Both Blessing and Curse." ''Associated Press.'' August 5, 1995. *Galvin, Kevin. "Executive Council Begins Work on Donahue Plan." ''Associated Press.'' August 2, 1995. *Greenhouse, Steven. "A.F.L.-C.I.O. Official To Step Down." ''New York Times.'' September 12, 2007. *Greenhouse, Steven. "Singing Labor's Song to Immigrants, Legal or Not." ''New York Times.'' February 17, 2001. *Greenhouse, Steven. "Worried About Labor's Waning Strength, Union Presidents Form Advisory Committee." ''New York Times.'' March 9, 2003. *Greer, Richard. "AFL-CIO Dissidents Pick Candidates to Oppose Kirkland." ''Atlanta Journal-Constitution.'' June 8, 1995. *Hershey, William. "Woman Makes Union History." ''Dayton Daily News.'' August 6, 1995. *Jones, Brian C. "Closing the Gap." ''Providence Journal-Bulletin.'' June 21, 1996. *Karsko, Bernie. "Success of Unions, Middle Class Are Linked, Labor Advocate Says." ''Columbus Dispatch.'' July 22, 1995. *Kilborn, Peter T. "Delegates of Labor Gather, Battered but Now Buoyant." ''New York Times.'' October 22, 1995. *Komen, Leyla. "Bringing New Life Into Labor Group." ''Seattle Times.'' May 17, 1996. *Kornblut, Anne E. "Democrats Elect Dean As Committee Chairman." ''New York Times.'' February 13, 2005. *Kunde, Diana. "New Voices Trying to Revitalize Labor." ''Dallas Morning News.'' September 3, 1995. *"Labor Federation Convenes With a Sense of Renewal." ''Dallas Morning News.'' October 22, 1995. *Lewis, Diane. "Labor's Quiet Crusader." ''Boston Globe.'' September 3, 1995. *Martin, Gary. "AFL-CIO Leader to Leave Union to Come Home to S.A." ''San Antonio Express-Times.'' September 12, 2007. *Martin, Gary. "Chavez-Thompson Vows to Help Boot Republicans." ''San Antonio Express-News.'' May 6, 1996. *Martin, Gary. "Ex-S.A. Labor Leader Now Is Busy Hammering Away at Bush." ''San Antonio Express-News.'' July 28, 2004. *Martin, Gary. "Labor Set to Work on Behalf of Demos." ''San Antonio Express-News.'' August 24, 1996. *Martin, Gary. "S.A. Leader Tapped for Demo Post." ''San Antonio Express-News.'' January 23, 1997. *McKay, Jim. "AFL-CIO: No Longer Too Pale, Too Stale, Too Male." ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.'' October 29, 1995. *McKay, Jim. "Labor Embraces Clinton for Stand on Workers." ''Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.'' October 24, 1995. *Minzesheimer, Bob. "New Union Chief Vows Turnaround." ''USA Today.'' October 26, 1995. *Pasternak, Judy. "Labor Plans New Focus As Kirkland Is Shown Door." ''Los Angeles Times.'' August 2, 1995. *Podgorski, Al. "Striker Replacement Bill Top Labor Issue." ''Chicago Sun-Times.'' August 4, 1993. *Porter, Eduardo. "What Unions Can Gain From Immigration." ''New York Times.'' March 28, 2004. *Puente, Teresa and Franklin, Stephen. "Labor Offers Support to Immigrant Amnesty." ''Chicago Tribune.'' June 5, 2000. *Shorrock, Tim. "For Sweeney, Unions, A New Call to Arms." ''Journal of Commerce.'' June 6, 1996. *Shorrock, Tim. "Sweeney Posed to Oust Donahue at AFL-CIO." ''Journal of Commerce.'' October 25, 1995. *Silverstein, Stuart. "Hopes, Stakes Are High as the AFL-CIO Convention Begins." ''Los Angeles Times.'' October 23, 1995. *Silverstein, Stuart. "Kirkland to Quit in August in Bid to Block Opposition." ''Los Angeles Times.'' June 13, 1995. *Silverstein, Stuart. "Working Within Two Cultures." ''Los Angeles Times.'' October 27, 1995. *Schmich, Mary T. "Eyes of These Texans Are All On Themselves." ''Chicago Tribune.'' July 21, 1988. *Stouffer, Rick. "Union Leader Calls Congress Workers' Enemy." ''Buffalo News.'' September 21, 1995. *"Sweeney, Trumka, Chavez-Thompson Win AFL-CIO Elections." Press Release. AFL-CIO. October 25, 1995. *Swoboda, Frank. "AFL-CIO Candidate Rejects Unity Ticket." ''Washington Post.'' June 29, 1995. *Swoboda, Frank. "AFL-CIO Elects New Leadership." ''Washington Post.'' October 26, 1995. *Swoboda, Frank. "Kirkland Will Leave AFL-CIO." ''Washington Post.'' June 13, 1995. *Taylor, T. Shawn. "Unions Set New Freedom Ride for Immigrant Workers." ''Chicago Tribune.'' February 27, 2003. *"Who's Running." ''The Oregonian.'' October 25, 1995.

External links

Biography of Linda Chavez-Thompson. AFL-CIO. No date.
* ttps://web.archive.org/web/20100125200735/http://www.electchavezthompson.com/ Linda Chavez Thompson for Texas Lt. Governor Campaign Website. Jan 4, 2010*
C-SPAN ''Q&A'' interview with Chavez-Thompson, May 15, 2005
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chavez-Thompson, Linda 1944 births 21st-century American women American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employees people American trade union leaders American trade unionists of Mexican descent American women trade unionists Living people People from Lubbock, Texas Texas Democrats Trade unionists from Texas Vice presidents of the AFL–CIO Women civil rights activists