Ligovo (russian: Лигово) is a historical area of the federal city of
Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
(
Russia
Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...
). It is located in the southern part of the city on the road leading to
Petergof.
A settlement of
east Slavs
The East Slavs are the most populous subgroup of the Slavs. They speak the East Slavic languages, and formed the majority of the population of the medieval state Kievan Rus', which they claim as their cultural ancestor.John Channon & Robert H ...
existed on the site of modern Ligovo from the 8th-9th centuries. Since then, Ligovo has been a court manor, an exemplary farm, a town, and a battleground during
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
. Currently, it is a suburb of Saint Petersburg, mostly composed of 1960s buildings. It is part of
Uritsk Municipal Okrug Ligovo (russian: Лигово) is a historical area of the federal city of Saint Petersburg (Russia). It is located in the southern part of the city on the road leading to Petergof.
A settlement of east Slavs existed on the site of modern Ligovo f ...
,
Krasnoselsky District
Krasnoselsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia.
*Krasnoselsky District, Moscow, a district in Central Administrative Okrug of the federal cities of Russia, federal city of Moscow
*Krasnoselsky Distr ...
.
History
Liiha is the name of the
Izhorian
The Izhorians (russian: Ижо́ра; ижо́рцы; fi, inkerikot; et, isurid; sg. ''ižoralain'', ''inkeroin'', ''ižora'', ''ingermans'', ''ingers'', ''ingrian'', pl. ''ižoralaizet''), along with the Votes, are a Finnic indigenous peopl ...
village which was mentioned for the first time in the records named
Vodskaya pyatina in 1500.
The name is derived from a small river previously called '' Liiha'' (from fi, Liiha: dirt, slush). Nowadays, this is called the
Dudergofka river. The settlement is shown on Swedish maps of 15th century as "Liihala" or "Liihankulla" (i.e. Liihankylä) (''kylä'' means village in Finnish).
![Sw BalticProv en](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Sw_BalticProv_en.png)
For over 1,000 years, the
East Slavs
The East Slavs are the most populous subgroup of the Slavs. They speak the East Slavic languages, and formed the majority of the population of the medieval state Kievan Rus', which they claim as their cultural ancestor.John Channon & Robert H ...
have lived peacefully along the
Neva River
The Neva (russian: Нева́, ) is a river in northwestern Russia flowing from Lake Ladoga through the western part of Leningrad Oblast (historical region of Ingria) to the Neva Bay of the Gulf of Finland. Despite its modest length of , it i ...
and in areas on the southern coast of
Gulf of Finland
The Gulf of Finland ( fi, Suomenlahti; et, Soome laht; rus, Фи́нский зали́в, r=Finskiy zaliv, p=ˈfʲinskʲɪj zɐˈlʲif; sv, Finska viken) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It extends between Finland to the north and E ...
alongside the less numerous
Baltic Finns
The Baltic Finnic or Balto-Finnic peoples, also referred to as the Baltic Sea Finns, Baltic Finns, sometimes Western Finnic and often simply as the Finnic peoples, are the peoples inhabiting the Baltic Sea region in Northern and Eastern Europe ...
. From the 12th century, these territories were part of the large feudal state of the North-west of Russia —
Lord of Great Novgorod (russian: Господин Великий Новгород). By the 15th century, Novgorod territory became part of the
Russian centralised state.
At the beginning of the 17th century, the expanding
Swedish Empire spread to the
southern coast of the Gulf of Finland.
However, following the
Great Northern War
The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe. The initial leaders of the anti-Swedi ...
, Russian victory in 1721 ensured the return of these territories to the Russian crown.
[ , url=http://www.ligkaskad.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2934&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=20&sid=6d7a44fe6d750fc1fbc86cf4aa9315b9 , accessdate=2009-07-02 , language=Russian , url-status=dead , archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111007223553/http://www.ligkaskad.ru/forum/viewtopic.php?t=2934&postdays=0&postorder=asc&start=20&sid=6d7a44fe6d750fc1fbc86cf4aa9315b9 , archivedate=2011-10-07 ]
Grande and Manor of count Orlov, Buxhoeveden, Kushelev
In 1703,
Peter I Peter I may refer to:
Religious hierarchs
* Saint Peter (c. 1 AD – c. 64–88 AD), a.k.a. Simon Peter, Simeon, or Simon, apostle of Jesus
* Pope Peter I of Alexandria (died 311), revered as a saint
* Peter I of Armenia (died 1058), Catholico ...
made Saint Petersburg his capital and Ligovo became a suburb. During the 1710s, the emperor became involved in the development of the area: first, in 1712, he created an imperial farm in order to provide the imperial household with food - this included a dairy farm and kitchen gardens. Then in 1715, he dammed the river, creating a pond and mill which survived until war damage in 1941.
Simultaneously, the
Ligovsky channel
The Ligovsky Canal (russian: Ли́говский кана́л) is one of the longest canals of Saint Petersburg (Russia). Constructed in 1721, it is long. Its purpose was to supply water for the fountains of the Summer Garden. The canal delivered ...
was dug which drained water from the Dudergofka and the artificial lake, and so provided water for Ligovo.
Many prominent people visited Logovo during this period:
*
Anna Ivanovna on January, 20th, 1737 ''«a coffee saw on grange»''.
*
Elizabeth Petrovna who wanted ''«to have dinner in tents»''.
![LigovoStation old](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/LigovoStation_old.jpg)
By the middle of 18th century, the farm was extended to include an orchard.
The mill dam was near to the
Peterhofskoye shosse and the small river has spread, having formed a pond stretched to a modern line of the railway (approximately 1,7 kilometres).
In 1765,
Russian empress Catherine II also built
Gatchina Grange
The town of Gatchina ( rus, Га́тчина, , ˈɡatːɕɪnə, links=y) serves as the administrative center of the Gatchinsky District in Leningrad Oblast, Russia. It lies south-south-west of St. Petersburg, along the E95 highway which ...
and
House Kurakinikh, and presented the village to the
Grigory Grigoryevich Orlov
Prince Grigory Grigoryevich Orlov (russian: Князь Григорий Григорьевич Орлов; 6 October 1734, Bezhetsky Uyezd – 13 April 1783, Moscow) was a favourite of the Empress Catherine the Great of Russia. He became a leade ...
(along with
Kipen,
Shchungurovo,
Ropsha
Ropsha ( rus, Ропша, p=ˈropʂə) is a types of inhabited localities in Russia, settlement in Lomonosovsky District, Leningrad Oblast, Lomonosovsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, situated about south of Petergof, Peterhof and south ...
); she often visited him here.
After Grigory Orlov's death in 1783, Ligovo was inherited by his pupil, Natalya Alexeyeva. She was the wife of
Friedrich Wilhelm von Buxhoeveden
Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Buxhoevden (russian: Фёдор Фёдорович Буксгевден, ''Fyodor Fyodorovich Buksgevden''; other spellings: ''Feodor Buxhoeveden'', ''Buxhœwden'', ''Buxhöwden'') (September 14, 1750 Võlla, Govern ...
, Orlov's aide-de-camp. The manor was called Buxhoeveden during this period.
In the 1840s, the manor of Buxhoeveden passed to Count G. G. Kushelev (junior). Kushelev continued the useful agricultural activity of Count Orlov, and Ligovo became an exemplary agricultural manor.
After Kushelev's death, the manor gradually fell into decay.
This process of decay was exacerbated by the
reforms of 1861.
In 1877 in buildings near a mill there was an attempt to set up a sanatorium.
In 1879, most of the manor passed to Kurikov's merchant.
The rural-industrial stage of the history of the settlement has begun, and the
Baltic railway
Baltic may refer to:
Peoples and languages
*Baltic languages, a subfamily of Indo-European languages, including Lithuanian, Latvian and extinct Old Prussian
* Balts (or Baltic peoples), ethnic groups speaking the Baltic languages and/or originati ...
was soon extended to Ligovo.
Suburb of Petersburg
The settlement became one of the rural suburbs of the capital.
Local residents sold to summer residents dairy products, berries, fruit, greens. Ligovo abounded with a wide variety of summer residences — from own, expensive, enough intricate to the usual cheap country houses which are handed over by owners for summer.
For the account of affinity of Ligovo to Saint Petersburg and convenience of the message with it became more active building of constant summer residences.
As soon as the Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg ( rus, links=no, Санкт-Петербург, a=Ru-Sankt Peterburg Leningrad Petrograd Piter.ogg, r=Sankt-Peterburg, p=ˈsankt pʲɪtʲɪrˈburk), formerly known as Petrograd (1914–1924) and later Leningrad (1924–1991), i ...
streets will be cleared of snow ..., from different directions Saint Petersburg — in spite of neither on a cold, nor on absence of the correct summer message with summer residences — chains of carts with furniture and different House stuff will be pulled in a direction for a city.
Ligovo grew has built up with country quarters territory from the Baltic railway to the Peterhofskoye shosse.
Electric illumination and the water drain have been spent. Summer residences were under construction were various styles — there were towers turrets, verandahs, colour glasses.
Process engineer K. M. Polezhaev and his son, the valid councillor of state B. K. Polezhayev became new heroes of Ligovo. Till now the park, and a pond local hit fur-trees name Polezhaevses.
In the beginning of the 20th century in area was the Lutheranism centre — to ligovsky arrival colonies of
Buksgevden and
Panovo concerned.
Ligovo gradually developed and by 1917 was a
satellite town.
After the
October Revolution
The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment ...
, in 1918 the city was renamed Uritsk in honour of the revolutionary and politician,
Moisei Uritsky.
In 1925, town status was officially granted to it.
The decree of the
Presidium of the Supreme body of
RSFSR
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russian SFSR or RSFSR ( rus, Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика, Rossíyskaya Sovétskaya Federatívnaya Soci ...
from November 27, 1938 formed the working settlement Ligovo.
Ligovo after 1945
In 1941-1945 of the
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen national ...
and
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
participated in
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
.
Ligovo has entered into territory on which took place fights for Leningrad (
Siege of Leningrad
The siege of Leningrad (russian: links=no, translit=Blokada Leningrada, Блокада Ленинграда; german: links=no, Leningrader Blockade; ) was a prolonged military blockade undertaken by the Axis powers against the Soviet city of L ...
operation).
Since December 1941 till January, 1944 on settlement territory there passed a
front line
A front line (alternatively front-line or frontline) in military terminology is the position(s) closest to the area of conflict of an armed force's personnel and equipment, usually referring to land forces. When a front (an intentional or uninte ...
.
The essential part of the population has been taken out by
German armies to a concentration camp «
Dulag 154 Dulag may refer to:
*Macliing Dulag, an assassinated Filipino indigenous peoples' rights activist
*Dulag, Leyte
Dulag (IPA: ʊ'lag, officially the Municipality of Dulag ( war, Bungto han Dulag; tl, Bayan ng Dulag), is a 3rd class municipality ...
», the part of inhabitants has been evacuated by the Soviet armies to Leningrad.
All buildings and constructions have been destroyed. At deviation the German armies have put out of commission bridges, automobile and railways road. Besides, the set of objects has been mined. So, for example from station
Dachnoye to station
Ligovo Ligovo (russian: Лигово) is a historical area of the federal city of Saint Petersburg (Russia). It is located in the southern part of the city on the road leading to Petergof.
A settlement of east Slavs existed on the site of modern Ligovo f ...
sappers have taken and have neutralised minefields in density of 1500 pieces on road kilometre.
After the war, the city territory became completely built up. On January 16, 1963, Uritsk became part of the city of Leningrad. It was included into
Kirovsky District. In April 1973, it was transferred to
Krasnoselsky District
Krasnoselsky District is the name of several administrative and municipal districts in Russia.
*Krasnoselsky District, Moscow, a district in Central Administrative Okrug of the federal cities of Russia, federal city of Moscow
*Krasnoselsky Distr ...
. In the 1960s-1970s, all the territory of Ligovo has been anew planned and built up by modern many-storeyed houses. Now the territory of Ligovo is a part of
Uritsk Municipal Okrug Ligovo (russian: Лигово) is a historical area of the federal city of Saint Petersburg (Russia). It is located in the southern part of the city on the road leading to Petergof.
A settlement of east Slavs existed on the site of modern Ligovo f ...
Notable natives
Mathilde Kschessinska
Mathilde-Marie Feliksovna Kschessinska ( pl, Matylda Maria Krzesińska, russian: Матильда Феликсовна Кшесинская; 6 December 1971; also known as Princess Romanovskaya-Krasinskaya after her marriage) was a Polish ...
was the only Polish ''
prima ballerina assoluta'' in the world. She was born in Ligovo on .
The famous Russian ballerina of the late 19th and the early 20th century
Anna Pavlova
Anna Pavlovna Pavlova ( , rus, Анна Павловна Павлова ), born Anna Matveyevna Pavlova ( rus, Анна Матвеевна Павлова; – 23 January 1931), was a Russian prima ballerina of the late 19th and the early 20th ...
was born in Ligovo.
Monuments
Obelisk in memory of defenders of a city near to
Ligovsky overpass
Ligovsky overpass () is crossover, connect of Kirovsky (from the north) and Krasnoselsky (from the south) districts of Saint Petersburg through Prospekt Narodnogo Opolcheniya, stage tracks Ligovo Ligovo (russian: Лигово) is a historical ...
.
References
{{Settlements of pre-Pertine time for territories of present Saint Petersburg
Historical areas of Saint Petersburg
Sankt-Peterburgsky Uyezd