''Ligilactobacillus'' is a
genus
Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...
of
lactic acid bacteria
Lactobacillales are an order of gram-positive, low-GC, acid-tolerant, generally nonsporulating, nonrespiring, either rod-shaped (bacilli) or spherical (cocci) bacteria that share common metabolic and physiological characteristics. These bacte ...
associated with
vertebrate
Vertebrates () comprise all animal taxa within the subphylum Vertebrata () ( chordates with backbones), including all mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Vertebrates represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, ...
hosts, formed through the 2020 division of the ''
Lactobacillus
''Lactobacillus'' is a genus of Gram-positive, aerotolerant anaerobes or microaerophilic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria. Until 2020, the genus ''Lactobacillus'' comprised over 260 phylogenetically, ecologically, and metabolically diver ...
'' genus.
Most of these homofermentative species are motile and express
urease
Ureases (), functionally, belong to the superfamily of amidohydrolases and phosphotriesterases. Ureases are found in numerous bacteria, fungi, algae, plants, and some invertebrates, as well as in soils, as a soil enzyme. They are nickel-containin ...
to survive gastric acids, making them popular choices for probiotics. The G/C content of this genus varies between 32.5-43.3%.
Species
The genus ''Ligilactobacillus'' comprises the following species:
* ''
Ligilactobacillus acidipiscis''
(Tanasupawat ''et al''. 2000) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus agilis''
(Weiss ''et al''. 1982) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus animalis''
(Dent and Williams 1983) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus apodemi''
(Osawa ''et al''. 2006) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus araffinosus''
(Fujisawa ''et al''. 1986) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus aviarius''
(Fujisawa ''et al''. 1985) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus ceti''
(Vela ''et al''. 2008) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus equi''
(Morotomi ''et al''. 2002) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus faecis''
(Endo ''et al''. 2013) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus hayakitensis''
(Morita ''et al''. 2007) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus murinus''
(Hemme ''et al''. 1982) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus pabuli''
Tohno ''et al''. 2022
* ''
Ligilactobacillus pobuzihii''
(Chen ''et al''. 2010) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus ruminis''
(Sharpe ''et al''. 1973) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus saerimneri''
(Pedersen and Roos 2004) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus salitolerans''
(Tohno ''et al''. 2019) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
* ''
Ligilactobacillus salivarius''
(Rogosa ''et al''. 1953) Zheng ''et al''. 2020
Phylogeny
The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature
List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) is an online database that maintains information on the naming and taxonomy of prokaryotes, following the taxonomy requirements and rulings of the International Code of Nomenclature ...
and the phylogeny is based on 16S rRNA sequences using ''
Lactobacillus acidophilus
''Lactobacillus acidophilus'' (New Latin 'acid-loving milk-bacillus') is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, homofermentative, anaerobic microbe first isolated from infant feces in the year 1900. The species is most commonly found in humans, specifically ...
'' ATCC 4356 as an outgroup.
References
Lactobacillaceae
Bacteria genera
{{Lactobacilli-stub