Lester Charles King (1907–1989) was an English geologist and geomorphologist known for his theories on
scarp retreat
Scarp retreat is a geological process through which the location of an escarpment changes over time. Typically the cliff is undermined, rocks fall and form a talus slope, the talus is chemically or mechanically weathered and then removed through ...
. He offered a very different view of the origin of continental landscaping than that of
William Morris Davis
William Morris Davis (February 12, 1850 – February 5, 1934) was an American geographer, geologist, geomorphologist, and meteorologist, often called the "father of American geography".
He was born into a prominent Quaker family in Philadelphia, ...
.
[ Studying at university in New Zealand King was a disciple of ]Charles Cotton
Charles Cotton (28 April 1630 – 16 February 1687) was an English poet and writer, best known for translating the work of Michel de Montaigne from the French, for his contributions to ''The Compleat Angler'', and for the influential ''The Comp ...
who was heavily influenced by Davis.[ While King's ideas were an attempt at refuting Davis' ]cycle of erosion The geographic cycle, or cycle of erosion, is an idealized model that explains the development of relief in landscapes. The model starts with the erosion that follows uplift of land above a base level and ends, if conditions allow, in the formatio ...
they were themselves of cyclical nature and contributed to what Cliff Ollier
Cliff Ollier (born 26 October 1931) is a geologist, geomorphologist, soil scientist, emeritus professor and honorary research fellow, at the School of Earth and Geographical Sciences University of Western Australia. He was formerly at Australian ...
has called "Davis bashing" — the ridicule of cyclical theories in geomorphology
Geomorphology (from Ancient Greek: , ', "earth"; , ', "form"; and , ', "study") is the scientific study of the origin and evolution of topographic and bathymetric features created by physical, chemical or biological processes operating at or n ...
, in particular Davis' ones. Critics did however not propose alternative models. For him, the weathering of physical factors in arid areas causes the erosion of the hills, the deposition of the weathered material (pediments) and the deposition of these material in lower altitudes, contributing to the formation of the pediplain. He was also an early proponent of continental drift
Continental drift is the hypothesis that the Earth's continents have moved over geologic time relative to each other, thus appearing to have "drifted" across the ocean bed. The idea of continental drift has been subsumed into the science of pla ...
, having lectured on this matter at a number of U.S. universities during a tour in 1958.
King was a supporter of the Expanding Earth hypothesis.
References
1907 births
1989 deaths
20th-century British geologists
British geomorphologists
Victoria University of Wellington alumni
University of New Zealand alumni
British expatriates in New Zealand
British expatriates in South Africa
Presidents of the Geological Society of South Africa
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