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Myrtaceae, the myrtle family, is a family of
Myrtaceae, the myrtle family, is a family of dicotyledon
The dicotyledons, also known as dicots (or, more rarely, dicotyls), are one of the two groups into which all the flowering plants (angiosperms) were formerly divided. The name refers to one of the typical characteristics of the group: namely, t ...
ous plants placed within the order Myrtales
The Myrtales are an order of flowering plants placed as a sister to the eurosids II clade as of the publishing of the ''Eucalyptus grandis'' genome in June 2014.
The APG III system of classification for angiosperms still places it within the eur ...
. Myrtle, pōhutukawa, bay rum tree, clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, ''Syzygium aromaticum'' (). They are native to the Maluku Islands (or Moluccas) in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring or fragrance in consumer products, ...
, guava
Guava () is a common tropical fruit cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions. The common guava ''Psidium guajava'' (lemon guava, apple guava) is a small tree in the myrtle family ( Myrtaceae), native to Mexico, Central America, the ...
, acca (feijoa), allspice
Allspice, also known as Jamaica pepper, myrtle pepper, pimenta, or pimento, is the dried unripe berry (botany), berry of ''Pimenta dioica'', a Canopy (forest), midcanopy tree native to the Greater Antilles, southern Mexico, and Central America, ...
, and eucalyptus are some notable members of this group. All species are woody, contain essential oil
An essential oil is a concentrated hydrophobic liquid containing volatile (easily evaporated at normal temperatures) chemical compounds from plants. Essential oils are also known as volatile oils, ethereal oils, aetheroleum, or simply as the o ...
s, and have flower parts in multiples of four or five. The leaves
A leaf (plural, : leaves) is any of the principal appendages of a vascular plant plant stem, stem, usually borne laterally aboveground and specialized for photosynthesis. Leaves are collectively called foliage, as in "autumn foliage", wh ...
are evergreen, alternate to mostly opposite, simple, and usually entire (i.e., without a toothed margin). The flowers have a base number of five petals, though in several genera, the petals are minute or absent. The stamen
The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10
Morphology and terminology
A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filame ...
s are usually very conspicuous, brightly coloured, and numerous.
Evolutionary history
Scientists hypothesize that the family Myrtaceae arose between 60 and 56 million years ago (Mya) during the Paleocene era. Pollen fossils have been sourced to the ancient supercontinentGondwana
Gondwana () was a large landmass, often referred to as a supercontinent, that formed during the late Neoproterozoic (about 550 million years ago) and began to break up during the Jurassic period (about 180 million years ago). The final stages ...
. The breakup of Gondwana
Gondwana () was a large landmass, often referred to as a supercontinent, that formed during the late Neoproterozoic (about 550 million years ago) and began to break up during the Jurassic period (about 180 million years ago). The final stages ...
during the Cretaceous period (145 to 66 Mya) geographically isolated disjunct taxa and allowed for rapid speciation; in particular, genera once considered members of the now-defunct Leptospermoideae alliance are now isolated within Oceania. Generally, experts agree that vicariance
Allopatric speciation () – also referred to as geographic speciation, vicariant speciation, or its earlier name the dumbbell model – is a mode of speciation that occurs when biological populations become geographically isolated from ...
is responsible for the differentiation of Myrtaceae taxa, except in the cases of ''Leptospermum
''Leptospermum'' is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the myrtle family Myrtaceae commonly known as tea trees, although this name is sometimes also used for some species of ''Melaleuca''. Most species are endemic to Australia, with the greate ...
'' species now located on New Zealand and New Caledonia
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, image_map = New Caledonia on the globe (small islands magnified) (Polynesia centered).svg
, map_alt = Location of New Caledonia
, map_caption = Location of New Caledonia
, mapsize = 290px
, subdivision_type = Sovereign st ...
, islands which may have been submerged at the time of late Eocene differentiation.
Diversity
Recent estimates suggest the Myrtaceae include about 5,950 species in about 132 genera. The family has a wide distribution in tropical and warm-temperate regions of the world, and is common in many of the world's biodiversity hotspots. Genera withcapsular
In botany a capsule is a type of simple, dry, though rarely fleshy dehiscent fruit produced by many species of angiosperms (flowering plants).
Origins and structure
The capsule (Latin: ''capsula'', small box) is derived from a compound (multica ...
fruits such as '' Eucalyptus'', ''Corymbia
''Corymbia'', commonly known as bloodwoods, is a genus of about one hundred species of tree that, along with ''Eucalyptus'', '' Angophora'' and several smaller groups, are referred to as eucalypts. Until 1990, corymbias were included in the gen ...
'', ''Angophora
''Angophora'' is a genus of nine species of trees and shrubs in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. Endemic to eastern Australia, they differ from other eucalypts in having juvenile and adult leaves arranged in opposite pairs, sepals reduced to projec ...
'', ''Leptospermum
''Leptospermum'' is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the myrtle family Myrtaceae commonly known as tea trees, although this name is sometimes also used for some species of ''Melaleuca''. Most species are endemic to Australia, with the greate ...
'', and ''Melaleuca
''Melaleuca'' () is a genus of nearly 300 species of plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, commonly known as paperbarks, honey-myrtles or tea-trees (although the last name is also applied to species of '' Leptospermum''). They range in size ...
'' are absent from the Americas, apart from ''Metrosideros
''Metrosideros'' is a genus of approximately 60 trees, shrubs, and vines mostly found in the Pacific region in the family Myrtaceae. Most of the tree forms are small, but some are exceptionally large, the New Zealand species in particular. The n ...
'' in Chile and Argentina. Genera with fleshy fruits have their greatest concentrations in eastern Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...
and Malesia (the Australasian realm) and the Neotropics. ''Eucalyptus'' is a dominant, nearly ubiquitous genus in the more mesic parts of Australia and extends north sporadically to the Philippines. '' Eucalyptus regnans'' is the tallest flowering plant in the world. Other important Australian genera are ''Callistemon
''Callistemon'' is a genus of shrubs in the family Myrtaceae, first described as a genus in 1814. The entire genus is endemic to Australia but widely cultivated in many other regions and naturalised in scattered locations. Their status as a se ...
'' (bottlebrushes), '' Syzygium'', and ''Melaleuca
''Melaleuca'' () is a genus of nearly 300 species of plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, commonly known as paperbarks, honey-myrtles or tea-trees (although the last name is also applied to species of '' Leptospermum''). They range in size ...
'' (paperbarks). Species of the genus ''Osbornia
''Osbornia'' is a genus of plant in the myrtle family Myrtaceae described as a genus in 1862.mangroves. '' Eugenia'', ''
Historically, the Myrtaceae were divided into two subfamilies. Subfamily Myrtoideae (about 75 genera) was recognized as having fleshy fruits and opposite, entire leaves. Most genera in this subfamily have one of three easily recognized types of embryos. The genera of Myrtoideae can be very difficult to distinguish in the absence of mature fruits. Myrtoideae are found worldwide in subtropical and tropical regions, with centers of diversity in the Neotropics, northeastern Australia, and Malesia. In contrast, subfamily Leptospermoideae (about 80 genera) was recognized as having dry, dehiscent fruits (capsules) and leaves arranged spirally or alternate. The Leptospermoideae are found mostly in Australasia, with a centre of diversity in Australia. Many genera in Western Australia have greatly reduced leaves and flowers typical of more xeric habitats.
Myrcia
''Myrcia'' is a genus of plants in the family Myrtaceae, containing about 765 species as of 2022. They are distributed in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean, with centers of diversity in the Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Forest ...
'', and ''Calyptranthes
''Myrcia'' is a genus of plants in the family Myrtaceae, containing about 765 species as of 2022. They are distributed in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean, with centers of diversity in the Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Forest ...
'' are among the larger genera in the neotropics.
Historically, the Myrtaceae were divided into two subfamilies. Subfamily Myrtoideae (about 75 genera) was recognized as having fleshy fruits and opposite, entire leaves. Most genera in this subfamily have one of three easily recognized types of embryos. The genera of Myrtoideae can be very difficult to distinguish in the absence of mature fruits. Myrtoideae are found worldwide in subtropical and tropical regions, with centers of diversity in the Neotropics, northeastern Australia, and Malesia. In contrast, subfamily Leptospermoideae (about 80 genera) was recognized as having dry, dehiscent fruits (capsules) and leaves arranged spirally or alternate. The Leptospermoideae are found mostly in Australasia, with a centre of diversity in Australia. Many genera in Western Australia have greatly reduced leaves and flowers typical of more xeric habitats.
Taxonomy
The division of the Myrtaceae into Leptospermoideae and Myrtoideae was challenged by a number of authors, including Johnson and Briggs (1984), who identified 14 tribes or clades within Myrtaceae, and found Myrtoideae to be polyphyletic. Molecular studies by several groups of authors, as of 2008, have confirmed the baccate (fleshy) fruits evolved twice from capsular fruits and, as such, the two-subfamily classification does not accurately portray the phylogenetic history of the family. Thus, many workers are now using a recent analysis by Wilson et al. (2001) as a starting point for further analyses of the family. This study pronounced both Leptospermoideae and Myrtoideae invalid, but retained several smaller suballiances shown to be monophyletic through matK analysis. The genera ''Heteropyxis
''Heteropyxis'' is a genus which includes three species of small evergreen trees. It was previously placed along in family Heteropyxidaceae, but is now placed basally within Myrtaceae. The species of ''Heteropyxis'' are native to southern Afric ...
'' and ''Psiloxylon
''Psiloxylon mauritianum'' (known locally as "bois bigaignon") is a species of flowering plant, the sole species of the genus ''Psiloxylon''. It is endemic to the Mascarene Islands (Mauritius and Réunion) in the Indian Ocean.
It is a white-ba ...
'' have been separated as separate families by many authors in the past as Heteropyxidaceae and Psiloxylaceae. However, Wilson ''et al.'' included them in Myrtaceae. These two genera are presently believed to be the earliest arising and surviving lineages of Myrtaceae.
The most recent classification recognizes 17 tribes and two subfamilies, Myrtoideae and Psiloxyloideae, based on a phylogenetic analysis of plastid
The plastid (Greek: πλαστός; plastós: formed, molded – plural plastids) is a membrane-bound organelle found in the Cell (biology), cells of plants, algae, and some other eukaryotic organisms. They are considered to be intracellular endosy ...
DNA.
Many new species are being described annually from throughout the range of Myrtaceae. Likewise, new genera are being described nearly yearly.
Classification
Following Wilson (2011) Subfamily Psiloxyloideae * tribe Psiloxyleae * tribe Heteropyxideae SubfamilyMyrtoideae
Myrtaceae, the myrtle family, is a family of dicotyledonous plants placed within the order Myrtales. Myrtle, pōhutukawa, bay rum tree, clove, guava, acca (feijoa), allspice, and eucalyptus are some notable members of this group. All spe ...
* tribe Xanthostemoneae
Xanthostemoneae is a tribe in the plant family Myrtaceae.Wilson, P. G. (2011) Myrtaceae. In The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume X. Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae, edited by K. Kubitzki, X:212–71. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, ...
* tribe Lophostemoneae
Lophostemoneae is a tribe in the plant family MyrtaceaeWilson, P. G. (2011) Myrtaceae. In The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume X. Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae, edited by K. Kubitzki, X:212–71. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2 ...
* tribe Osbornieae
* tribe Melaleuceae
Melaleuceae is a tribe in the plant family MyrtaceaeWilson, P. G. (2011) Myrtaceae. In The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume X. Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae, edited by K. Kubitzki, X:212–71. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2011 ...
* tribe Kanieae
Kanieae is a tribe in the plant family MyrtaceaeWilson, P. G. (2011) Myrtaceae. In The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume X. Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae, edited by K. Kubitzki, X:212–71. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2011. fr ...
* tribe Backhousieae
''Backhousia'' is a genus of thirteen currently known species of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae. All the currently known species are endemic to Australia in the rainforests and seasonally dry forests of Queensland, New South Wales and ...
* tribe Metrosidereae
* tribe Tristanieae
* tribe Syzygieae
* tribe Myrteae
Myrteae is the largest tribe in the plant family Myrtaceae. It includes most of the species of the family that have fleshy fruits.
Well-known members include edible fruit such as feijoa (''Feijoa sellowiana''), guava (''Psidium guajava''), jab ...
* tribe Eucalypteae
* tribe Syncarpieae
''Syncarpia'' is a small group of trees in the myrtle family (Myrtaceae) described as a genus in 1839. They are native to Queensland and New South Wales in Australia.Govaerts, R., Sobral, N., Ashton, P., Barrie, F., Holst, B.K., Landrum, L.L., ...
* tribe Lindsayomyrteae
''Lindsayomyrtus'' is a monotypic genus in the family Myrtaceae, containling the single species ''Lindsayomyrtus racemoides'', commonly known as Daintree penda. These large trees grow naturally in the rainforests of the Wet Tropics of Queenslan ...
* tribe Leptospermeae
Leptospermeae is a tribe in the plant family MyrtaceaeWilson, P. G. (2011) Myrtaceae. In The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume X. Sapindales, Cucurbitales, Myrtaceae, edited by K. Kubitzki, X:212–71. Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 20 ...
* tribe Chamelaucieae
Chamelaucieae is a tribe of flowering plants within the family Myrtaceae, mostly from Australia, with a few species in New Caledonia and south-east Asia.
Genera include:
*''Actinodium'' Schauer (Australia)
*'' Aluta'' Rye & Trudgen (Australia ...
Genera
* ''Abbevillea
''Campomanesia'' is a genus in the family Myrtaceae
Myrtaceae, the myrtle family, is a family of dicotyledonous plants placed within the order Myrtales. Myrtle, pōhutukawa, bay rum tree, clove, guava, acca (feijoa), allspice, and eucal ...
''
* ''Actinodium
''Actinodium cunninghamii'', commonly known as swamp daisy or Albany daisy, is the only formally described species in the genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae, ''Actinodium'' and is endemic to Western Australia.
Description
''Actin ...
''
* '' Agonis''
* '' Algrizea''
* '' Allosyncarpia''
* ''Aluta
''Aluta'' is a genus of small shrubs in the family Myrtaceae. Species occur in Western Australia, South Australia and the Northern Territory. When the genus was erected in 2000, three species were transferred from the genus ''Thryptomene''.
Spe ...
''
* '' Amomyrtella''
* ''Amomyrtus
''Amomyrtus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae described as a genus in 1948. It is native to temperate southern South America, where it is distributed in Chile and Argentina.Arroyo, M. T. K. and A. M. Humaña. (1999) ...
''
* ''Angasomyrtus
''Kunzea'' is a genus of plants in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to Australasia. They are shrubs, sometimes small trees and usually have small, crowded, rather aromatic leaves. The flowers are similar to those of plants in the genus ''Lepto ...
''
* ''Angophora
''Angophora'' is a genus of nine species of trees and shrubs in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. Endemic to eastern Australia, they differ from other eucalypts in having juvenile and adult leaves arranged in opposite pairs, sepals reduced to projec ...
''
* ''Archirhodomyrtus
''Archirhodomyrtus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, describe as a genus in 1941. There are five known species, four native to New Caledonia and one native to Australia.Arillastrum''
* '' Astartea''
* ''
Asteromyrtus
''Asteromyrtus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the Myrtaceae family. It is closely related to ''Callistemon'' and ''Melaleuca''.
History
''Asteromyrtus'' was described as a genus in 1843. The genus was subsequently subsumed into ''Melaleuca' ...
''
* '' Astus''
* ''Austromyrtus
''Austromyrtus'' is a genus of shrubs in the myrtle family Myrtaceae. Three species are found along the east coast of Australia; in Queensland and in New South Wales and A. lotoides being endemic to New Caledonia. The fruits of ''A. dulcis'' hav ...
''
* ''Babingtonia
''Babingtonia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae. The species are native to Australia. Many species formerly placed in the genus are currently included in ''Sannantha'', '' Baeckea'', ''Oxymyrrhine'', ''Kardomia'' ...
''
* '' Backhousia''
* ''Baeckea
''Baeckea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae, all but one endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus ''Baeckea'' are shrubs or small trees with leaves arranged in opposite pairs, white to deep pink flowers with five s ...
''
* '' Balaustion''
* ''Barongia
''Barongia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family, Myrtaceae first described as a genus in 1988. It contains only one known species, ''Barongia lophandra,'' endemic to the Cook region of Queensland, Australia
Australia, ...
''
* '' Basisperma''
* '' Beaufortia''
* ''Blepharocalyx
''Blepharocalyx'' is a genus of plant in family Myrtaceae first described as a genus in 1854. It is native to South America and the West Indies.McVaugh, R. 1989. Myrtaceae. In: Dicotyledoneae - Part 2. Flora of the Lesser Antilles, Leeward and Wi ...
''
* ''Callistemon
''Callistemon'' is a genus of shrubs in the family Myrtaceae, first described as a genus in 1814. The entire genus is endemic to Australia but widely cultivated in many other regions and naturalised in scattered locations. Their status as a se ...
''
* ''Calothamnus
''Calothamnus'' is a genus of shrubs in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. The common names one-sided bottlebrush or claw flower are given to some species due to their having the flowers clustered on ...
''
* ''Calycolpus
''Calycolpus'' is a genus of the botanical family Myrtaceae, first described as a genus in 1856. It is native to the South America, Central America, and the West Indies.
The species formerly called '' Calycolpus excisus'' is a small tree known o ...
''
* ''Calycorectes
''Calycorectes'' is a genus of plant in family Myrtaceae first described as a genus in 1856.Calyptranthes
''Myrcia'' is a genus of plants in the family Myrtaceae, containing about 765 species as of 2022. They are distributed in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean, with centers of diversity in the Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Forest ...
''
* ''Calyptrogenia
''Eugenia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the myrtle family Myrtaceae. It has a worldwide, although highly uneven, distribution in tropical and subtropical regions. The bulk of the approximately 1,100 species occur in the New World tropics, ...
''
* '' Calytrix''
* ''Campomanesia
''Campomanesia'' is a genus in the family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the w ...
''
* ''Chamelaucium
''Chamelaucium'', also known as waxflower, is a genus of shrubs endemic to south western Western Australia. They belong to the myrtle family Myrtaceae and have flowers similar to those of the tea-trees (''Leptospermum''). The most well-known spe ...
''
* ''Chamguava
''Chamguava'' is a genus of the botanical family Myrtaceae, first described as a genus in 1991. It is native to southern Mexico and Central America.Govaerts, R., Sobral, N., Ashton, P., Barrie, F., Holst, B.K., Landrum, L.L., Matsumoto, K., Ferna ...
''
* '' Cheyniana''
* '' Choricarpia''
* '' Cleistocalyx''
* '' Cloezia''
* ''Conothamnus
''Conothamnus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Myrtaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. They are woody shrubs similar to melaleucas but differ in that their leaves are usually arranged in opposite pairs ...
''
* ''Corymbia
''Corymbia'', commonly known as bloodwoods, is a genus of about one hundred species of tree that, along with ''Eucalyptus'', '' Angophora'' and several smaller groups, are referred to as eucalypts. Until 1990, corymbias were included in the gen ...
''
* ''Corynanthera
''Corynanthera'' is a genus of the botanical family Myrtaceae, first described as a genus in 1979. It contains only one known species, ''Corynanthera flava'', endemic to Shire of Irwin in Western Australia
Western Australia (commonly abbrevi ...
''
* '' Curitiba''
* '' Cyathostemon''
* ''Darwinia Darwinia may refer to:
* ''Darwinia'' (plant) Rudge 1815, a genus of Myrtaceae found only in Australia
*''Darwinia'' Raf., a synonym of the legume genus ''Sesbania'' Adans.
* ''Darwinia'' (video game), a 2005 video game by Introversion Software
* '' ...
''
* '' Decaspermum''
* '' Enekbatus''
* '' Eremaea''
* '' Ericomyrtus''
* '' Eucalyptopsis''
* '' Eucalyptus''
* '' Eugenia''
* '' Euryomyrtus''
* ''Gomidesia
''Myrcia'' is a genus of plants in the family Myrtaceae, containing about 765 species as of 2022. They are distributed in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean, with centers of diversity in the Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Forest ...
''
* '' Gossia''
* '' Harmogia''
* ''Heteropyxis
''Heteropyxis'' is a genus which includes three species of small evergreen trees. It was previously placed along in family Heteropyxidaceae, but is now placed basally within Myrtaceae. The species of ''Heteropyxis'' are native to southern Afric ...
''
* '' Hexachlamys''
* ''Homalocalyx
''Homalocalyx'' is a genus of shrubs in the family Myrtaceae described as a genus in 1857. The entire genus is endemic to Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country compris ...
''
* ''Homalospermum
''Homalospermum'' is a genus of plants in the myrtle family first described as a genus in 1843. It contains only one known species, ''Homalospermum firmum'', endemic to southwestern Western Australia
Western Australia (commonly abbreviated a ...
''
* ''Homoranthus
''Homoranthus'' is a genus of about thirty species of plants in the myrtle family Myrtaceae and all are endemic to Australia. Plants in this genus share similarities with those in both '' Darwinia'' and '' Verticordia''. They are shrubs with th ...
''
* '' Hottea''
* '' Hypocalymma''
* '' Kanakomyrtus''
* '' Kania''
* '' Kardomia''
* ''Kjellbergiodendron
''Kjellbergiodendron'' is a genus of the botanical family Myrtaceae, first described as a genus in 1936. It contains only one known species, ''Kjellbergiodendron celebicum'', endemic to the Island of Sulawesi in Indonesia
Indonesia, offici ...
''
* '' Kunzea''
* ''Lamarchea
''Lamarchea'' is a genus of shrub in the myrtle family Myrtaceae described as a genus in 1830. The entire genus is endemic to Australia.
;Species
# '' Lamarchea hakeifolia'' Gaudich. - Shire of Irwin in Western Australia
# '' Lamarchea sulcata' ...
''
* '' Legrandia''
* ''Lenwebbia
''Lenwebbia'' is a genus of shrubs or small trees in the myrtle family Myrtaceae.Snow et al. 2003 The genus is named to honour the Australian plant ecologist Dr. Leonard Webb. The genus occurs in mesic forests along or near the east coast of Au ...
''
* ''Leptospermum
''Leptospermum'' is a genus of shrubs and small trees in the myrtle family Myrtaceae commonly known as tea trees, although this name is sometimes also used for some species of ''Melaleuca''. Most species are endemic to Australia, with the greate ...
''
* '' Lindsayomyrtus''
* '' Lithomyrtus''
* ''Lophomyrtus
''Lophomyrtus'' is a genus of the myrtle family described as a genus in 1941. The entire genus is endemic to New Zealand. It consists of evergreen shrubs or trees, noted for their colorful leaves, which are purple, chocolate, red or bronze-gree ...
''
* '' Lophostemon''
* '' Luma''
* '' Lysicarpus''
* '' Malleostemon''
* ''Marlierea
''Myrcia'' is a genus of plants in the family Myrtaceae, containing about 765 species as of 2022. They are distributed in Central and South America, Mexico, and the Caribbean, with centers of diversity in the Brazilian Cerrado and Atlantic Forest