''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly

tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

subtropical The subtropical zones or subtropics are geographical zone, geographical and Köppen climate classification, climate zones to the Northern Hemisphere, north and Southern Hemisphere, south of the tropics. Geographically part of the Geographical z ...

distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as

Moscow Moscow ( , US chiefly ; rus, links=no, Москва, r=Moskva, p=mɐskˈva, a=Москва.ogg) is the capital and largest city of Russia. The city stands on the Moskva River in Central Russia, with a population estimated at 13.0 million ...

region in

Russia Russia (, , ), or the Russian Federation, is a List of transcontinental countries, transcontinental country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia, Northern Asia. It is the List of countries and dependencies by area, largest country in the ...

and the

Yukon Territory Yukon (; ; formerly called Yukon Territory and also referred to as the Yukon) is the smallest and westernmost of Canada's three territories. It also is the second-least populated province or territory in Canada, with a population of 43,964 as ...

Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering over , making it the world's second-largest country by tot ...

. This genus is relictual, having had a

pantropical A pantropical ("all tropics") distribution is one which covers Tropics, tropical regions of both hemispheres. Examples of species include caecilians, modern sirenians and the plant genera ''Acacia'' and ''Bacopa''. ''Neotropical'' is a zoogeogra ...

distribution during the

Cretaceous The Cretaceous ( ) is a geological period that lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago (Mya). It is the third and final period of the Mesozoic Era, as well as the longest. At around 79 million years, it is the longest geological period of th ...

. The presence of ''Leptoconops'', along with '' Austroconops'', in ancient

Lebanese amber Lebanese amber is fossilized resin found in Lebanon and southwest Syria. It dates back approximately 130-125 million years to the Barremian of the Early Cretaceous. It formed on what was then the northern coast of Gondwana, believed to be a tropica ...

makes these the earliest existing lineages of biting midges. Extinct species have also been described from amber from Siberia,

New Jersey New Jersey is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeastern regions of the United States. It is bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware ...

, Canada, Hungary,

Sakhalin Sakhalin ( rus, Сахали́н, r=Sakhalín, p=səxɐˈlʲin; ja, 樺太 ''Karafuto''; zh, c=, p=Kùyèdǎo, s=库页岛, t=庫頁島; Manchu: ᠰᠠᡥᠠᠯᡳᠶᠠᠨ, ''Sahaliyan''; Orok: Бугата на̄, ''Bugata nā''; Nivkh: ...

, France, and Spain. Adult ''Leptoconops'' females are diurnal feeders, and suck

vertebrate Vertebrates () comprise all animal taxa within the subphylum Vertebrata () ( chordates with backbones), including all mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. Vertebrates represent the overwhelming majority of the phylum Chordata, ...

blood Blood is a body fluid in the circulatory system of humans and other vertebrates that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells, and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells. Blood in the c ...

. Adults of both sexes in some species rest by burying themselves in sand. Larvae feed on algae, fungi, and bacteria. They burrow in moist, usually saline, sand or mud of desert areas and coastal and inland beaches.

Species

''Leptoconops'' contains the following species: *''

Leptoconops acer ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This g ...

'' Clastrier, 1973 *'' Leptoconops albiventris'' de Meijere, 1915 *''

Leptoconops algeriensis ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This g ...

'' Clastrier, 1975 *''

Leptoconops altuneshanensis ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Yu and Shao, 1988 *''

Leptoconops americanus ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Carter, 1921 *''

Leptoconops amplifemoralis ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Chanthawanich and Delfinado, 1967 *†''

Leptoconops amplificatus ''Leptoconops amplificatus'' is an extinct species of biting midge belonging to the family Ceratopogonidae. This species was described from fossilized remains preserved in Lower Cretaceous amber from Lebanon. The species name ''amplificatus'' (e ...

'' Borkent, 2001 *''

Leptoconops andersoni ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *†'' Leptoconops antiquus'' Borkent, 2001 *''

Leptoconops arnaudi ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *''

Leptoconops ascius ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Yu and Hui, 1988 *''

Leptoconops asilomar ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *''

Leptoconops atchleyi ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *''

Leptoconops auster ''Leptoconops'' (black gnat) is a midge genus in the family Ceratopogonidae. It has a mostly tropical or subtropical distribution worldwide, but some species occur as far north as Moscow region in Russia and the Yukon Territory in Canada. This ...

'' Clastrier, 1981 *'' Leptoconops aviarum'' Gutsevich, 1973 *'' Leptoconops bahreinensis'' Clastrier and Boorman, 1987 *'' Leptoconops bossoi'' Clastrier, 1981 *'' Leptoconops belkini'' Wirth and Atchley, 1973 *'' Leptoconops bequaerti'' (Kieffer), 1925 *'' Leptoconops bezzii'' (Noè), 1905 *'' Leptoconops bidentatus'' Gutsevich, 1960 *'' Leptoconops binangulus'' Yu, 1989 *'' Leptoconops binisiculus'' Yu and Liu, 1988 *'' Leptoconops borealis'' Gutsevich, 1945 *'' Leptoconops boreus'' Kalugina, 1991 *'' Leptoconops brasiliensis'' (Lutz), 1913 *'' Leptoconops brevistylus'' Mazumdar, Saha & Chaudhuri, 2010 *'' Leptoconops bullsbrookensis'' Smee, 1966 *'' Leptoconops bundyensis'' Smee, 1966 *†'' Leptoconops burmiticus'' Szadziewski, 2004 *'' Leptoconops californiensis'' Wirth and Atchley, 1973 *'' Leptoconops camelorum'' (Kieffer), 1921 *'' Leptoconops capensis'' de Meillon and Hardy, 1953 *'' Leptoconops carteri'' Hoffman, 1926 *'' Leptoconops casali'' Cavalieri and Chiossone, 1966 *'' Leptoconops catawbae'' (Boesel), 1948 *'' Leptoconops chenfui'' Yu and Xiang, 1988 *'' Leptoconops chilensis'' Forattini, 1958 *'' Leptoconops chinensis'' Sun, 1968 *'' Leptoconops conulus'' Yu and Liu, 1990 *'' Leptoconops copiosus'' Borkent, 1996 *'' Leptoconops curvachelus'' Borkent, 1996 *†'' Leptoconops daugeroni'' Choufani, Azar and Nel, 2011 *'' Leptoconops demeilloni'' Clastrier and Nevill, 1984 *'' Leptoconops dissimilis'' Clastrier, 1975 *'' Leptoconops dixi'' de Meillon, 1936 *'' Leptoconops doyeni'' Spinelli and Ronderos, 1993 *†'' Leptoconops ellenbergeri'' Szadziewski, 2015 *'' Leptoconops endialis'' Smee, 1966 *'' Leptoconops exspectator'' Clastrier, 1975 *'' Leptoconops flaviventris'' Kieffer, 1918 *'' Leptoconops floridensis'' Wirth, 1951 *'' Leptoconops foleyi'' Clastrier, 1975 *'' Leptoconops fortipalpus'' Mazumdar, Saha & Chaudhuri, 2010 *'' Leptoconops foulki'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *'' Leptoconops freeborni'' Wirth, 1952 *'' Leptoconops fretus'' Yu and Zhan, 1990 *'' Leptoconops fuscipennis'' Clastrier, Rioux, and Descous, 1961 *'' Leptoconops gallicus'' Clastrier, 1973 *'' Leptoconops golanensis'' Clastrier, 1981 *'' Leptoconops grandis'' Carter, 1921 *†'' Leptoconops gravesi'' Choufani et al., 2014 *'' Leptoconops halophilus'' Smee, 1966 *'' Leptoconops hamariensis'' Herzi and Sabatini, 1983 *'' Leptoconops harrisoni'' de Meillon and Hardy, 1953 *'' Leptoconops helobius'' Ma and Yu, 1990 *'' Leptoconops hutsoni'' Clastrier, 1974 *'' Leptoconops hyalinipennis'' Kieffer, 1918 *'' Leptoconops indicus'' (Kieffer), 1918 *'' Leptoconops interruptus'' (Enderlein), 1908 *'' Leptoconops irritans'' (Noè), 1905 *'' Leptoconops kerteszi'' Kieffer, 1908 *'' Leptoconops kinmenensis'' Lien, Lin, Weng and Chin, 1996 *'' Leptoconops knowltoni'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *'' Leptoconops lacteipennis'' Kieffer, 1918 *'' Leptoconops laosensis'' Clastrier, 1974 *'' Leptoconops latibulorum'' Gutsevich, 1973 *'' Leptoconops laurae'' (Weiss), 1912 *'' Leptoconops linleyi'' Wirth and Atchley, 1973 *'' Leptoconops lisbonnei'' Harant and Galan, 1944 *'' Leptoconops longicauda'' Yu, 1997 *'' Leptoconops longicornis'' Carter, 1921 *'' Leptoconops lucidus'' Gutsevich, 1964 *'' Leptoconops mackerrassae'' Smee, 1966 *'' Leptoconops macfiei'' Clastrier, 1975 *'' Leptoconops melanderi'' Wirth and Atchley, 1973 *'' Leptoconops mellori'' Clastrier and Boorman, 1987 *'' Leptoconops mesopotamiensis'' (Patton), 1920 *'' Leptoconops minutus'' Gutsevich, 1973 *'' Leptoconops mohavensis'' Wirth and Atchley, 1973 *'' Leptoconops montanus'' Konurbajev, 1965 *'' Leptoconops montigenus'' Clastrier, 1981 *'' Leptoconops mooloolabaensis'' (Smee), 1966 *'' Leptoconops myersi'' (Tonnoir), 1924 *†'' Leptoconops myanmaricus'' Szadziewski, 2004 *'' Leptoconops nachitschevanicus'' Dzhafarov, 1961 *'' Leptoconops nevilli'' Clastrier, 1981 *'' Leptoconops nicolayi'' de Meillon, 1937 *'' Leptoconops nigripes'' Dzhafarov, 1961 *'' Leptoconops nipponensis'' Tokunaga, 1937 *'' Leptoconops nivalis'' Smee, 1966 *'' Leptoconops noei'' Clastrier and Coluzzi, 1973 *†''

Leptoconops nosopheris ''Leptoconops nosopheris'' is an extinct species of biting midges belonging to the family Ceratopogonidae. This species was described from fossilized remains preserved in Burmese amber from the Early Cretaceous. The amber containing the fossil w ...

'' Poinar, 2008 *'' Leptoconops obscurus'' Smee, 1966 *'' Leptoconops panamensis'' Ronderos and Spinelli, 1993 *'' Leptoconops parvichelus'' Chanthawanich and Delfindao, 1967 *'' Leptoconops patagoniensis'' Ronderos, 1990 *'' Leptoconops pavlovskyi'' Dzhafarov, 1961 *'' Leptoconops peneti'' (Langeron), 1913 *'' Leptoconops petrocchiae'' Shannon and Del Ponte, 1927 *'' Leptoconops primaevus'' Borkent, 1995 *'' Leptoconops pseudosetosifrons'' (Smee), 1966 *'' Leptoconops pugnax'' Clastrier, 1973 *'' Leptoconops reesi'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *'' Leptoconops rhodesiensis'' Carter, 1921 *'' Leptoconops ricardoi'' Ronderos and Spinelli, 1992 *'' Leptoconops riverinaensis'' Smee, 1966 *†'' Leptoconops rossi'' Szadziewski, 2004 *'' Leptoconops rufiventris'' (Kieffer), 1923 *'' Leptoconops setosifrons'' (Smee), 1966 *'' Leptoconops shangweni'' Xu and Yu, 1989 *'' Leptoconops siamensis'' Carter, 1921 *'' Leptoconops sibericus'' Szadziewski, 1996 *'' Leptoconops smeei'' Wirth and Atchley, 1973 *'' Leptoconops spinosifrons'' (Carter), 1921 *'' Leptoconops stygius'' Skuse, 1889 *'' Leptoconops sublettei'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *'' Leptoconops succineus'' Szadziewski, 1988 *'' Leptoconops tarimensis'' Yu, 1982 *'' Leptoconops tenebrostigmatus'' Mazumdar, Saha & Chaudhuri, 2010 *'' Leptoconops tibetensis'' Lee, 1978 *''

Leptoconops torrens ''Leptoconops torrens'' (commonly known as the biting midge fly) is a species of small biting flies in the no-see-um family Ceratopogonidae. They were first mentioned in writing by Charles Henry Tyler Townsend in 1893. The name ''Leptoconops cart ...

'' (Townsend), 1893 *'' Leptoconops transversalis'' (Kieffer), 1921 *'' Leptoconops turkmenicus'' Molotova, 1967 *'' Leptoconops umbellifer'' Clastrier, 1981 *'' Leptoconops vargasi'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *'' Leptoconops venezuelensis'' Ortiz, 1952 *'' Leptoconops vexans'' (Kieffer), 1921 *'' Leptoconops wehaiensis'' Yu and Xue, 1988 *'' Leptoconops werneri'' Wirth and Atchley, 1973 *'' Leptoconops whitseli'' Clastrier and Wirth, 1978 *'' Leptoconops woodhilli'' Lee, 1948 *'' Leptoconops xuthosceles'' Chanthawanich and Delfinado, 1967 *'' Leptoconops yalongensis'' Yu and Wang, 1988 *'' Leptoconops yunhsienensis'' Yu, 1963 *†'' Leptoconops zherikhini'' Szadziewski & Arillo, 2003

References

External links

{{Taxonbar, from=Q6528016 Chironomoidea genera