''Lepiota cristatanea'' is a species of
agaric fungus in the family
Agaricaceae. Described as new to science in 2011, it is found in China. The mushroom is similar to the widespread species ''
Lepiota cristata
''Lepiota cristata'', commonly known as the stinking dapperling or the stinking parasol, is an agaric and possibly poisonous mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. A common and widespread species—one of the most widespread fungi in the genus ''L ...
'' but can be distinguished by its smaller
spores.
Taxonomy
The species was described in 2001 from collections made in
Kunming
Kunming (; ), also known as Yunnan-Fu, is the capital and largest city of Yunnan province, China. It is the political, economic, communications and cultural centre of the province as well as the seat of the provincial government. The headquar ...
, China. Due to the close physical similarity between the species, it has often been misidentified as ''Lepiota cristata'', but
genetic evidence demonstrates that the two species are clearly distinct.
Description
The
cap is initially roughly bell-shaped to conical, later flattening as the cap matures, and eventually reaches a diameter of . The cap surface features a brownish to orange-brown center that breaks up into small scales concentrically distributed. The
gills are fairly crowded, free from attachment to the
stipe, and white. There are shorter gills (lamellulae) interspersed between them. The cylindrical, hollow stipe measures long by thick. Its color is pale orange to grayish orange and it has a fibrillose surface texture. On the upper half of the stipe is a membranous
ring
Ring may refer to:
* Ring (jewellery), a round band, usually made of metal, worn as ornamental jewelry
* To make a sound with a bell, and the sound made by a bell
:(hence) to initiate a telephone connection
Arts, entertainment and media Film and ...
that is colored whitish on the upper surface with small brown scales on the lower surface. The
flesh has an odour similar to that of ''L. cristata''.
The
spores are somewhat triangular in side view, but ovoid to oblong in front view; they have typical dimensions of 4.0–5.5 by 2.5–3.0
μm
The micrometre ( international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: μm) or micrometer (American spelling), also commonly known as a micron, is a unit of length in the International System of Unit ...
. They are
hyaline
A hyaline substance is one with a glassy appearance. The word is derived from el, ὑάλινος, translit=hyálinos, lit=transparent, and el, ὕαλος, translit=hýalos, lit=crystal, glass, label=none.
Histopathology
Hyaline cartilage is ...
(translucent), smooth, and weakly
stain
A stain is a discoloration that can be clearly distinguished from the surface, material, or medium it is found upon. They are caused by the chemical or physical interaction of two dissimilar materials. Accidental staining may make materials app ...
reddish purple in
Cresyl Blue. The cheilocystidia (
cystidia on the gill edge) are club-shaped, hyaline, thin-walled, and measure 22–48 by 9–18 μm; pleurocystidia (cystidia on the gill face) are not present. The
cap cuticle
The pileipellis is the uppermost layer of hyphae in the pileus of a fungal fruit body. It covers the trama, the fleshy tissue of the fruit body. The pileipellis is more or less synonymous with the cuticle, but the cuticle generally describes th ...
comprises a hymeniderm of tightly packed club-shaped to cylindrical
hypha
A hypha (; ) is a long, branching, filamentous structure of a fungus, oomycete, or actinobacterium. In most fungi, hyphae are the main mode of vegetative growth, and are collectively called a mycelium.
Structure
A hypha consists of one or ...
e that measure 14–60 by 5–13 μm.
Clamp connections are present in hyphae throughout the fruit body.
Habitat and distribution
''Lepiota cristatanea'' is known only from
Yunnan Province
Yunnan , () is a landlocked province in the southwest of the People's Republic of China. The province spans approximately and has a population of 48.3 million (as of 2018). The capital of the province is Kunming. The province borders the C ...
, China, where it grows singly or in groups on
humus
In classical soil science, humus is the dark organic matter in soil that is formed by the decomposition of plant and animal matter. It is a kind of soil organic matter. It is rich in nutrients and retains moisture in the soil. Humus is the Lati ...
-rich soils. Typical habitats include footpaths, lawns, gardens, and roadsides.
See also
*
List of ''Lepiota'' species
References
External links
*
{{Taxonbar, from=Q15632537
cristatanea
Fungi described in 2011
Fungi of China
Fungus species