Leopold Schrötter Ritter von Kristelli, (name often given as Leopold von Schrötter in medical literature) (February 5, 1837 – April 22, 1908) was an Austrian internist and laryngologist born in Graz. He was the son of

chemist A chemist (from Greek ''chēm(ía)'' alchemy; replacing ''chymist'' from Medieval Latin ''alchemist'') is a scientist trained in the study of chemistry. Chemists study the composition of matter and its properties. Chemists carefully describe t ...

Anton Schrötter von Kristelli, and father to physician Hermann Schroetter-Kristelli (1870–1928). Leopold Schrötter Ritter von Kristelli studied at the Akademisches Gymnasium in Graz,

Austria Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...

. In 1861 he received his medical doctorate from the

University of Vienna The University of Vienna (german: Universität Wien) is a public research university located in Vienna, Austria. It was founded by Duke Rudolph IV in 1365 and is the oldest university in the German-speaking world. With its long and rich hist ...

, and following graduation remained in

Vienna en, Viennese , iso_code = AT-9 , registration_plate = W , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = , timezone = CET , utc_offset = +1 , timezone_DST ...

as an apprentice- surgeon to Franz Schuh (1804–1865). From 1863 to 1869, he was an assistant to

Josef Škoda Josef may refer to *Josef (given name) *Josef (surname) Josef is the surname of the following people: * Jens Josef (born 1967), German composer of classical music, a flutist and academic teacher * Michelle Josef (born 1954), Canadian musician and tr ...

(1805–1881), receiving his habilitation in 1867. Following the death of

Ludwig Türck Ludwig Türck (22 June 1810 – 25 February 1868) was an Austrian neurologist who was a native of Vienna. In 1836 he obtained his medical doctorate from the University of Vienna, where in 1864 he became a full professor. He is remembered for hi ...

(1810–1868), he attained the first chair of

laryngology Laryngology is a branch of medicine that deals with disorders, diseases and injuries of the larynx, colloquially known as the voice box. Laryngologists treat disorders of the larynx, including diseases that affects the voice, swallowing, or upper a ...

at Vienna, and three years later, became director of the world's first laryngological clinic at Vienna General Hospital (''

Allgemeines Krankenhaus The Vienna General Hospital (german: Allgemeines Krankenhaus der Stadt Wien), usually abbreviated to AKH, is the general hospital of the city of Vienna, Austria. It is also the city's university hospital, and the site of the Medical Univer ...

''). In 1875, he became an associate professor of laryngology, and from 1875 to 1881, he was head of the department of internal medicine. In 1881 he was appointed ''Primararzt'' (primary physician) at the General Hospital, and in 1890 was named professor and director of the third medical clinic in Vienna. In addition to his expertise in the field of

, Schrötter is remembered for his work involving diseases of the

heart The heart is a muscular organ in most animals. This organ pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system. The pumped blood carries oxygen and nutrients to the body, while carrying metabolic waste such as carbon dioxide to t ...

and

lungs The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and most other animals, including some snails and a small number of fish. In mammals and most other vertebrates, two lungs are located near the backbone on either side ...

. He was a driving force in construction of the

Alland Alland is a market town in the district of Baden in the Austrian state of Lower Austria. Geography It is located in the Industrieviertel region of Lower Austria, about southwest of the Austrian capital Vienna. Alland is situated in a valley of th ...

''Lungenheilanstalt'' (lung clinic), an institution that began attending to patients in 1898. With British surgeon

James Paget Sir James Paget, 1st Baronet FRS HFRSE (11 January 1814 – 30 December 1899) (, rhymes with "gadget") was an English surgeon and pathologist who is best remembered for naming Paget's disease and who is considered, together with Rudolf Virch ...

(1814–1899), the eponymous Paget-Schrötter disease is named. This disorder involves primary

thrombosis Thrombosis (from Ancient Greek "clotting") is the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. When a blood vessel (a vein or an artery) is injured, the body uses platelets (t ...

of the

axillary vein In human anatomy, the axillary vein is a large blood vessel that conveys blood from the lateral aspect of the thorax, axilla (armpit) and upper limb toward the heart. There is one axillary vein on each side of the body. Structure Its origin ...

or subclavian vein.

Maria Konopnicka Maria Konopnicka (; ; 23 May 1842 – 8 October 1910) was a Polish poet, novelist, children's writer, translator, journalist, critic, and activist for women's rights and for Polish independence. She used pseudonyms, including ''Jan Sawa''. She ...

, a famous Polish writer and poet, was treated there.

Selected publications

Among his written works is a treatise on heart diseases that was included in

Hugo Wilhelm von Ziemssen Hugo (Wilhelm) von Ziemssen (13 December 1829 – 21 January 1902) was a German physician, born in Greifswald. He studied medicine at the universities of Greifswald, Berlin, and Würzburg. In 1863 he was called to the University of Erlangen ...

's ''Handbuch der speciellen Pathologie und Therapie''. Other noted works by Schrötter include: * ''Beitrag zur Behandlung der Larynx-Stenosen'' (Contribution to the treatment of laryngeal stenosis), 1876. * ''Beitrag zur localen Anaesthesie des Larynx'' (On local anesthesia of the larynx), 1881. * ''Über die Lungentuberkulose und die Mittel zu ihrer Heilung'' (About pulmonary

tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by '' Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (MTB) bacteria. Tuberculosis generally affects the lungs, but it can also affect other parts of the body. Most infections show no symptoms, i ...

and the means to cure), 1891. * ''Hygiene der Lunge im gesunden und kranken Zustand'' (

Hygiene Hygiene is a series of practices performed to preserve health. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), "Hygiene refers to conditions and practices that help to maintain health and prevent the spread of diseases." Personal hygiene refer ...

of the lung in healthy and diseased states), 1903. * ''Über Hotelbau vom hygienischen Standpunkte'' (On hotel construction from a hygienic standpoint), 1906.

References

''Leopold von Schrötter''
@

Who Named It ''Whonamedit?'' is an online English-language dictionary of medical eponyms and the people associated with their identification. Though it is a dictionary, many eponyms and persons are presented in extensive articles with comprehensive bibliograp ...

* "Parts of this article are based on a translation of an equivalent article at the German Wikipedia". {{DEFAULTSORT:Schrotter Ritter von Kristelli, Leopold 19th-century Austrian people Austrian otolaryngologists Academic staff of the University of Vienna Habsburg Bohemian nobility Austrian people of Moravian-German descent Physicians from Graz 1837 births 1908 deaths Commanders of the Order of Franz Joseph Commanders First Class of the Order of the Polar Star Order of the Dannebrog