Leon Chechemian (Mar Leon) (1848–1920) was an
Armenian
Armenian may refer to:
* Something of, from, or related to Armenia, a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia
* Armenians, the national people of Armenia, or people of Armenian descent
** Armenian Diaspora, Armenian communities across the ...
Christian cleric. In 1897, he was a founder of the
Free Protestant Episcopal Church
The Free Protestant Episcopal Church (FPEC), later named The Anglican Free Communion and now entitled the Episcopal Free Communion, was formed in England on 2 November 1897 from the merger of three smaller churches. Others were to join later.
...
(full name: Free Protestant Episcopal Church of England), and that church's first
primus.
He is also considered an ''
episcopus vagans
In Christianity, an ''episcopus vagans'' (plural ''episcopi vagantes''; Latin for 'wandering bishops' or 'stray bishops') is a person consecrated, in a "clandestine or irregular way", as a bishop outside the structures and canon law of the estab ...
''.
Ministry, 1866-circa 1879
Chechemian was ordained as a priest on 27 November 1866 by Leon Chorchorunian (lived 1822–1897), the
Armenian Catholic Church
, native_name_lang = hy
, image = St Elie - St Gregory Armenian Catholic Cathedral.jpg
, imagewidth = 260px
, alt =
, caption = Cathedral of Saint Elias and Saint Gregory the Illuminat ...
's
archbishop
In Christian denominations, an archbishop is a bishop of higher rank or office. In most cases, such as the Catholic Church, there are many archbishops who either have jurisdiction over an ecclesiastical province in addition to their own archdi ...
of
Malatya
Malatya ( hy, Մալաթիա, translit=Malat'ya; Syro-Aramaic ܡܠܝܛܝܢܐ Malīṭīná; ku, Meletî; Ancient Greek: Μελιτηνή) is a large city in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey and the capital of Malatya Province. The city ha ...
.
[ Here Chechemian is spelled Checkemian.]
In this capacity, Chechemian served at Besui (1866–1868), Aintab (1868), Gurum (1868–1877) and then moved to Malatya.
At Malatya, probably in 1878 or thereabouts, Chechemian was blessed as ''
vardapet
A vardapet or vartabed ( hy, վարդապետ, in Western Armenian or aɾda'pεtin Eastern Armenian) is a highly educated archimandrite in the Armenian Apostolic Church and the Armenian Catholic Church traditions who holds a Doctorate in Theol ...
'',
a highly educated celibate priest, or
archimandrite
The title archimandrite ( gr, ἀρχιμανδρίτης, archimandritēs), used in Eastern Christianity, originally referred to a superior abbot (''hegumenos'', gr, ἡγούμενος, present participle of the verb meaning "to lead") who ...
, who is a
doctor of theology
Doctor of Theology ( la, Doctor Theologiae, abbreviated DTh, ThD, DTheol, or Dr. theol.) is a terminal degree in the academic discipline of theology. The ThD, like the ecclesiastical Doctor of Sacred Theology, is an advanced research degree equiva ...
.
A vardapet may hold rank similar to that of a bishop, though without the power to ordain priests.
In 1890, Chechemian was described as "an Armenian Catholic priest of the highest degree" who received "his degree of very honourable doctor" from Chorchorunian on 23 April 1878, and was later, while in Constantinople, "referred to as a prominent, well known dignitary."
Consecration (disputed, or doubtful) as an Armenian Catholic bishop, c. 1879
Whether Chechemian was ever raised (within the Armenian Catholic jurisdiction) from vardapet to bishop is disputed. According to Alan Bain, Chechemian was first consecrated as a bishop on 23 April 1879 by Leon Chorchorunian.
However, Bain also notes that Henry Brandreth considers it doubtful that Chorchorunian ever consecrated Chechemian as a bishop.
If Bain is correct that there was this 1879 consecration on 23 April 1879, it took place precisely twelve months after the date on which it is known that Chechemian had been blessed as a vardapet, 23 April 1878. An alternative possibility might be that Bain's 23 April 1879 date is a transcription error for 23 April 1878 and that Bain (or Bain's sources) did not appreciate the significant and important distinction between a vardapet and a bishop.
Brandreth noted that Chechemian was "said to have been" a titular bishop who "had no jurisdiction to perform consecrations", his doubt, about whether Chechemian was consecrated as a bishop by Chorchorunian, is supported by others. An 1890
letter to the editor
A letter to the editor (LTE) is a Letter (message), letter sent to a publication about an issue of concern to the reader. Usually, such letters are intended for publication. In many publications, letters to the editor may be sent either through ...
from a promoter of Chechemian to the ''
Belfast News Letter
The ''News Letter'' is one of Northern Ireland's main daily newspapers, published from Monday to Saturday. It is the world's oldest English-language general daily newspaper still in publication, having first been printed in 1737.
The newspap ...
'' never referred to Chechemian as a bishop.
According to Anson, Chechemian both used "the word 'doctor' as more intelligible to Scottish Presbertarian readers" in the 1880s, and years later stated that he was consecrated a bishop in 1879. Anson also noted that in the 1880s
Frederick Temple
Frederick Temple (30 November 1821 – 23 December 1902) was an English academic, teacher and churchman, who served as Bishop of Exeter (1869–1885), Bishop of London (1885–1896) and Archbishop of Canterbury (1896–1902).
Early life
T ...
,
bishop of London
A bishop is an ordained clergy member who is entrusted with a position of authority and oversight in a religious institution.
In Christianity, bishops are normally responsible for the governance of dioceses. The role or office of bishop is ca ...
, "recommended him as 'a bishop of a church other than the established church'", but Anson supposed that in the 1880s
Archibald Tait
Archibald Campbell Tait (21 December 18113 December 1882) was an Archbishop of Canterbury in the Church of England and theologian. He was the first Scottish Archbishop of Canterbury and thus, head of the Church of England.
Life
Tait was bor ...
,
archbishop of Canterbury
The archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and a principal leader of the Church of England, the ceremonial head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. The current archbishop is Justi ...
, "was not aware of the precise status of a '—or did Chechemian mislead him?"
There was an unsubstantiated story in 1897 that embellished details about Chechemian.
According to Bertil Persson, "Checkemian has not, as has been stated, been consecrated a Bishop in The Armenian Catholic Church."
While Persson did not write in a section about "The apostolic succession of the Apostolic Episcopal Church from the Armenian Catholic Church" that Chechemian was consecrated as bishop by Chorchorunian, Persson had not removed that section but equivocated that Chechemian was only "blessed as vardapet" by Chorchorunian in 1878.
[ Here Chechemian is spelled Checkemian with an alternate spelling of Khekemian; and Leon Chorchorunian is spelled Leon Chorchorunian with an alternate spelling of Ghevont Khorkhorounian.] A ''vardapet'' "receives a scholarly degree" through ordination and receives a
crozier
A crosier or crozier (also known as a paterissa, pastoral staff, or bishop's staff) is a stylized staff that is a symbol of the governing office of a bishop or abbot and is carried by high-ranking prelates of Roman Catholic, Eastern Catholi ...
"which symbolizes wisdom and authority to teach and to preach", nevertheless a ''vardapet'' is not a bishop but monk.
The 1893 edition of ''
Crockford's Clerical Directory'' did not note any prior episcopal status.
Ministry, 1878–89
Between 1878 and 1881 Chechemian served in a leadership role in the Armenian Catholic Church in his home town of
Malatya
Malatya ( hy, Մալաթիա, translit=Malat'ya; Syro-Aramaic ܡܠܝܛܝܢܐ Malīṭīná; ku, Meletî; Ancient Greek: Μελιτηνή) is a large city in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey and the capital of Malatya Province. The city ha ...
. Initially (1878–79), this was as a vardapet. The question of whether, in 1878 or 1879, he was raised to episcopal status in the Armenian Catholic Church is discussed earlier in this article.
He became
Protestant
Protestantism is a Christian denomination, branch of Christianity that follows the theological tenets of the Reformation, Protestant Reformation, a movement that began seeking to reform the Catholic Church from within in the 16th century agai ...
. He emigrated to the United Kingdom in 1885 and worked as a
groom
A bridegroom (often shortened to groom) is a man who is about to be married or who is newlywed.
When marrying, the bridegroom's future spouse (if female) is usually referred to as the bride. A bridegroom is typically attended by a best man an ...
; he moved to
Edinburgh
Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian ...
, Scotland, where he lived on charity, studied at
New College, Edinburgh
New College is a historic building at the University of Edinburgh which houses the university's School of Divinity. It is one of the largest and most renowned centres for studies in Theology and Religious Studies in the United Kingdom. Student ...
, and worked with the Scottish Reformation Society;
he moved to
Belfast
Belfast ( , ; from ga, Béal Feirste , meaning 'mouth of the sand-bank ford') is the capital and largest city of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast. It is the 12th-largest city in the United Kingdo ...
, Ireland,
Formation of the Free Protestant Church, c. 1889
Chechemian became a notable lecturer at various churches in the city of Belfast and c. 1889 founded a meeting place for a mix of Protestant denominations called the Free Protestant Church of England.
Consecration as a bishop of the Free Protestant Church, c. 1889
Alan Bain writes that Chechemian was elected archbishop of the Free Protestant Church of England and that he was consecrated for this office by six bishops, but adds that no details of these bishops are known.
Consecration as a bishop of the Ancient British Church, May 1890
On 4 May 1890, Chechemian received consecration as a bishop for the
Ancient British Church
The Ancient British Church was a British religious movement supposedly founded in the 19th century by Jules Ferrette (Mar Julius) and Richard Williams Morgan (Mar Pelagius). The Ancient British Church ceased to exist in 1944.
Foundation
Jules Fer ...
from
Charles Isaac Stevens
Charles Isaac Stevens (1835–1917) was allegedly the second patriarch of the Ancient British Church from 1889 to 1917 and also was ''primus'' of the Free Protestant Episcopal Church of England from 1900 to 1917.
He was born on 28 November ...
, (also known as Mar Theophilus I), patriarch of the Ancient British Church, assisted by Alfred Spencer Richardson, bishop of the branch of the
Reformed Episcopal Church
The Reformed Episcopal Church (REC) is an Anglican church of evangelical Episcopalian heritage. It was founded in 1873 in New York City by George David Cummins, a former bishop of the Protestant Episcopal Church.
The REC is a founding member of ...
in England.
Richardson's unauthorised acts, the consecration of James Martin c. 1888 and participation in the conditional consecration of Chechemian in 1890, were according to John Fenwick, in ''The Free Church of England'', "the only time in the history of the
Free Church of England
The Free Church of England (FCE) is an episcopal church based in England. The church was founded when a number of congregations separated from the established Church of England in the middle of the 19th century.
The doctrinal basis of the F ...
or its constituent bodies one of its bishops took part in the consecrations of what are known as ''episcopi vagantes''", and resulted in a canonical case brought against Richardson. Richardson resigned and the case did not proceed.
According to Anson, the conditional consecration of Chechemian by Stevens and Richardson shows that both consecrators did not comprehend that a vardapet "has no episcopal status."
The questions of whether the consecration (1890) by Stevens and Richardson was the first consecration of Chechemian, or whether he had earlier (c. 1878 or 1879) been consecrated as a bishop for the Armenian Catholic Church by Chorchorunian and/or (c. 1889) as a bishop for the Protestant Episcopal Church are discussed earlier in this article.
Formation of the United Armenian Catholic Church, August 1890
On 15 August 1890, Chechemian founded the United Armenian Catholic Church to provide for fellow British Armenian refugees with a non-Catholic option.
Reception into Church of Ireland, 1890
He was received into the
Church of Ireland
The Church of Ireland ( ga, Eaglais na hÉireann, ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Kirk o Airlann, ) is a Christian church in Ireland and an autonomous province of the Anglican Communion. It is organised on an all-Ireland basis and is the second ...
in 1890,
and was licensed as a cleric in the Church of Ireland's
Diocese of Dublin and Glendalough
The United Dioceses of Dublin and Glendalough is a diocese of the Church of Ireland in the east of Ireland. It is headed by the Archbishop of Dublin, who is also styled the Primate of Ireland. The diocesan cathedral is Christ Church Cathedral ...
by
William Plunket, 4th Baron Plunket
William Conyngham Plunket, 4th Baron Plunket (26 August 1828 – 1 April 1897) was Dean of Christ Church Cathedral and Archbishop of Dublin in the Church of Ireland.
Life
Born in Dublin, he was the eldest son of John Plunket, 3rd Baron Plunk ...
,
archbishop of Dublin
The Archbishop of Dublin is an archepiscopal title which takes its name after Dublin, Ireland. Since the Reformation, there have been parallel apostolic successions to the title: one in the Catholic Church and the other in the Church of Irelan ...
.
Formation and early life of the Free Protestant Episcopal Church, 1897–1900
The Free Protestant Episcopal Church was formed on 2 November 1897 at St. Stephen's Church in
East Ham
East Ham is a district of the London Borough of Newham, England, 8 miles (12.8 km) east of Charing Cross. East Ham is identified in the London Plan as a Major Centre. The population is 76,186.
It was originally part of the Becontree Hun ...
, London by uniting the Ancient British Church, led by Stevens; the Free Protestant Church, founded and led by Chechemian; and the Nazarene Episcopal Church, founded and led by Martin.
Chechemian was appointed first primus of the new church. George Maaers and Frederick Boucher were consecrated on 2 November 1897 by Chechemian and Martin, to assist in the leadership of the new church.
Chechemian led the new church as a separate organisation from the United Armenian Catholic Church.
Resignation as primus of the Free Protestant Episcopal Church, 1900
On 30 December 1900, Chechemian resigned as primus of the Free Protestant Episcopal Church. Stevens then took over as primus of the Free Protestant Episcopal Church. (Stevens had been appointed second patriarch of the Ancient British Church in 1889).
British citizenship, 1901
Chechemian became a
naturalised British citizen
British nationality law prescribes the conditions under which a person is recognised as being a national of the United Kingdom. The six different classes of British nationality each have varying degrees of civil and political rights, due to the ...
in 1901 while living in Edinburgh.
Death, 1920
Chechemian died on 3 December 1920.
Leadership succession
Stevens died on 2 February 1917. Martin (Mar Jacobus I Antipas) then took over as third patriarch of the Ancient British Church and as third primus of the Free Protestant Episcopal Church.
Martin died in 1919. Andrew Charles Albert McLagen (Mar Andries) was patriarch of the Ancient British Church and primus of the Free Protestant Episcopal church from 1919 until his death in 1928.
The Free Protestant Episcopal Church of England was official recognised as a legally constituted denomination by the
British Government
ga, Rialtas a Shoilse gd, Riaghaltas a Mhòrachd
, image = HM Government logo.svg
, image_size = 220px
, image2 = Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom (HM Government).svg
, image_size2 = 180px
, caption = Royal Arms
, date_es ...
in early 1917 after a test case of the 1916
Military Service Act. Ernest A. Asquith helped obtain this recognition that allowed clergy exemption from
military service
Military service is service by an individual or group in an army or other militia, air forces, and naval forces, whether as a chosen job (volunteer) or as a result of an involuntary draft (conscription).
Some nations (e.g., Mexico) require a ...
in World War I.
Continuation
The Ancient British Church and the Free Protestant Episcopal Church were separated when Herbert James Monanzi-Heard, McLagan's successor, was succeeded by William Hall in the Free Protestant Episcopal Church on 18 May 1939, and was succeeded by
Hugh George de Willmott Newman
Hugh George de Willmott Newman (17 January 1905 – 28 February 1979) was an Independent Catholic or independent Old Catholic bishop. He was known religiously as Mar Georgius I and bore the titles, among others, of Patriarch of Glastonbury, ...
in the Ancient British Church on 29 January 1945.
The Free Protestant Episcopal Church continues today as the Anglican Free Communion (renamed in 2012), led (for more than twenty years) by Bishop Edwin Duane Follick. A schism occurred from 1978 to 2011.
The Free Protestant Episcopal Church has also used the names "Episcopal Apostolic Church of England" and "Ecumenical Church Foundation".
The Ancient British Church continues today in several bodies, including the
British Orthodox Church
The British Orthodox Church (BOC), formerly the Orthodox Church of the British Isles, is an independent Oriental Orthodox church.
The British Orthodox Church has not been in communion with any of the Oriental Orthodox churches since a 2015 de ...
(a canonical
local church Local church may refer to:
* Church, a congregation meeting in a particular location
* Local churches (affiliation), a Christian group founded by Watchman Nee
* Parish church, a local church united with other parishes under a bishop or presbyter
* C ...
within the
Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria
The Coptic Orthodox Church ( cop, Ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ⲛ̀ⲣⲉⲙⲛ̀ⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛ̀ⲟⲣⲑⲟⲇⲟⲝⲟⲥ, translit=Ti.eklyseya en.remenkimi en.orthodoxos, lit=the Egyptian Orthodox Church; ar, الكنيسة القبطي ...
from 1994 until 2015), and the
Celtic Orthodox Church
The Celtic Orthodox Church (COC; ), also called the Holy Celtic Church, is an autocephalous Christian church founded in the 20th century in France.
Since 25 December 2007, the Celtic Orthodox Church has been in communion with the French Orthodox ...
(now united with the
French Orthodox Church
The French Orthodox Church (FOC; french: Église orthodoxe française, EOF) is a self-governing Western Orthodox church formed in 1975. The church's current first hierarch is Bishop Martin (Laplaud), the abbot of the Orthodox Monastery of St Mic ...
and the Orthodox Church of the Gauls, forming the Communion of Western Orthodox Churches (CWOC)).
There are many hundreds, perhaps thousands, of bishops deriving lines of succession through Chechemian.
Lines of succession
(A) via the Armenian Catholic Church, (from Leon Chorchorunian and Cardinal/Patriarch Antony Hassun)
From the above, it can be seen that there is certainly a line of presbyteral succession from Leon Chorchorunian (lived 1822–1897) of the Armenian Catholic Church. However, whether it is an episcopal succession is disputed as explained above, and may be doubtful.
Leon Chorchorunian was consecrated on 7 April 1861 by Antony Hassun.
Hassun (lived 1809–1884) was archbishop of Malatya and an Armenian Catholic patriarch. Hassun is also known as Antoine-Pierre IX, and sometimes, for example by Bain, as Pierre Antoine IX. There are various spellings of his surname, such as Hassum, Hassoun and Hassounian. In 1880, the Pope of Rome appointed him a cardinal. He retired in 1881, becoming patriarch-emeritus.
(B) Protestant Episcopal Church
Comment is not possible as details of this consecration or alleged consecration are not known. For succession after Chechemian, see
Free Protestant Episcopal Church#Succession of primuses.
(C) from Stevens
Charles Isaac Stevens was consecrated on 6 March 1879 by
Richard Williams Morgan
Richard Williams Morgan (1815–1889), also known by his bardic name Môr Meirion, was a Welsh Anglican priest, Welsh nationalist, campaigner for the use of the Welsh language and author.
Morgan's outspoken criticism of English bishops in Wales w ...
, assisted by
Frederick George Lee
Frederick George Lee (6 January 1832 in Thame, Oxfordshire – 22 January 1902 at Lambeth, London) was a priest of the Church of England and a religious author. He co-founded the Order of Corporate Reunion.
Biography
Lee was trained in Ripon Coll ...
and Dr
John Thomas Seccombe
John Thomas Seccombe (1834 - January 27, 1895) was an English medical doctor, translator, and episcopus vagans associated with Frederick George Lee and Thomas Wimberley Mossman in the Order of Corporate Reunion.
Seccombe received the M.D. from ...
.
Morgan had been consecrated at Marholm in Northamptonshire, England on 6 March 1874 by
Jules Ferrette Jules Ferrette, also spelled Julius Ferrette (22 April 1828 – 10 October 1904 or in 1903), was allegedly bishop of Iona; he is allegedly the founder of the Ancient British Church.
Biography
Ferrette was born in Épinal, France, possibly of Pr ...
. Ferrette (originally a Roman Catholic priest) claimed to have been consecrated as a bishop in 1866 by the Syrian Orthodox bishop of Damascus, MV Bedros, who later (1872) became Maran Mar
Ignatius Peter IV
Moran Mor Ignatius Peter IV (1798 – 8 October 1894), also known as Ignatius Peter III, was the Patriarch of Antioch, and head of the Syriac Orthodox Church from 1872 until his death in 1894. He is regarded by many as the architect of the m ...
(or III) of Antioch, known as "Peter the Humble", the Syrian Orthodox patriarch.
Lee and Seccombe, together with Thomas Mossman were the three founders and leaders of the
Order of Corporate Reunion
The Order of Corporate Reunion (OCR), officially the Christian, Ecumenical, and Fraternal Order of Corporate Reunion, is an ecumenical association of clergy and laity of Anglican origin. The OCR was founded by Frederick George Lee, Thomas Wimber ...
. The three of them claimed to have been secretly consecrated (c. 1877) as bishops. There has been much speculation and conjecture as to who their consecrators were. Owing to the secrecy that long surrounded these consecrations, it may be difficult definitively to establish the facts. However, the website of the Order of Corporate Reunion (as at 2015 led by
Peter Paul Brennan Peter Paul Brennan (November 1, 1941–August 1, 2016) was an American bishop in the Independent Catholicism, Independent Catholic movement. He was Bishop of New York for the Old Catholic Confederation, a bishop of the Ecumenical Catholic Diocese of ...
) asserts that the consecrators were Dominicus Agostina (cardinal patriarch of Venice), Luigi Nazari di Caliana (archbishop of Milan), Vincentius Moretti (a cardinal), and Ignatios Ghiurekian (a Byzantine archbishop and abbot-general of Ordo Mechitaristarum Venetiarum from the island of St Lazarus near Venice), and that they acted with the authority of Pope Pius IX.
[The website of the Order of Corporate Reunion may be found at http://www.orgsites.com/ny/corporatereunion/ The website does not seem to declare the sources of this information.]
(D) from Richardson
Alfred Spencer Richardson was consecrated on 22 June 1879 in the Reformed Episcopal Church in Philadelphia, USA by
William Rufus Nicholson, a bishop of the Reformed Episcopal Church, USA.
WR Nicholson was consecrated for the
Protestant Episcopal Church
The Episcopal Church, based in the United States with additional dioceses elsewhere, is a member church of the worldwide Anglican Communion. It is a mainline Protestant denomination and is divided into nine Ecclesiastical provinces and dioces ...
, USA on 24 February 1876 by
Charles Edward Cheney who was consecrated (14 December 1873) by
George David Cummins
George David Cummins (December 11, 1822 – June 26, 1876) was an American Anglican Bishop and founder of the Reformed Episcopal Church.
Life and career
He was born in Delaware on December 11, 1822. Cummins graduated from Dickinson College, ...
, American Episcopal assistant bishop of Kentucky, USA, and who was consecrated (15 November 1866) by
John Henry Hopkins
John Henry Hopkins (January 30, 1792 – January 9, 1868) was the first bishop of Episcopal Diocese of Vermont and the eighth Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America. He was also an artist (in both watercolor and ...
, Episcopal bishop of Vermont, USA.
The line of succession to Hopkins is traceable from
William Sancroft
William Sancroft (30 January 161724 November 1693) was the 79th Archbishop of Canterbury, and was one of the Seven Bishops imprisoned in 1688 for seditious libel against King James II, over his opposition to the king's Declaration of Indulge ...
(enthroned archbishop of Canterbury, 1678) via Thomas White (bishop of Peterborough, England),
George Hickes George Hickes may refer to:
* George Hickes (divine) (1642–1715), English divine and scholar
* George Hickes (Manitoba politician) (born 1946), Canadian politician
* George Hickes (Nunavut politician)
George Hickes, Jr. is a Canadian politi ...
(assistant bishop of Thetford, England),
James Gadderar
James Gadderar (1655–1733) was a clergyman of the Scottish Episcopal Church. Previously a minister at Kilmaurs, he was consecrated a college bishop on 24 February 1712 by Bishop George Hickes (i.e. a bishop without a diocese.) In November 17 ...
(bishop of Aberdeen, Scotland),
Thomas Rattray (bishop of Dunkeld, Scotland),
William Falconer (or Falconar) (bishop of Caithness, Scotland),
Robert Kilgour
Robert Kilgour (1714–1790) was a Scottish clergyman who served in the Scottish Episcopal Church as Bishop of Aberdeen from 1768 to 1786 and Primus of the Scottish Episcopal Church from 1782 to 1788. He was an outspoken supporter of the Jacob ...
(bishop of Aberdeen, Scotland),
Samuel Seabury
Samuel Seabury (November 30, 1729February 25, 1796) was the first American Episcopal bishop, the second Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America, and the first Bishop of Connecticut. He was a leading Loyalist ...
(bishop of Connecticut, USA),
Thomas Clagett (bishop of Maryland, USA),
Edward Bass
Edward Bass (November 23, 1726 in Dorchester, Massachusetts – September 10, 1803 in Newburyport, Massachusetts) was the first American Episcopal bishop of the Diocese of Massachusetts and second bishop of the Diocese of Rhode Island.
Biog ...
(bishop of Massachusetts, USA),
Abraham Jarvis
Abraham Jarvis (May 5, 1739 – May 3, 1813) was the second American Episcopal bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Connecticut and eighth in succession of bishops in the Episcopal Church. He was a high churchman and a loyalist to the crown.
...
(bishop of Connecticut, USA),
Alexander Viets Griswold
Alexander Viets Griswold (April 22, 1766 – February 15, 1843) was the 5th Presiding Bishop of the Episcopal Church in the United States from 1836 until 1843. He was also the Bishop of the Eastern Diocese, which included all of New Englan ...
(bishop of Eastern Diocese, USA) who in 1832 consecrated Hoskins.
Notes
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:Chechemian, Leon
1848 births
1920 deaths
English bishops
Armenian clergy