DOK Leipzig is a documentary film festival that takes place every year in

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...

, Germany. It is an international

film festival A film festival is an organized, extended presentation of films in one or more cinemas or screening venues, usually in a single city or region. Increasingly, film festivals show some films outdoors. Films may be of recent date and, depending upon ...

for documentary and animated film founded in 1955 under the name "1st All-German Leipzig Festival of Cultural and Documentary Films" and was the first independent film festival in

East Germany East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; german: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, , DDR, ), was a country that existed from its creation on 7 October 1949 until its dissolution on 3 October 1990. In these years the state ...

. In 1995 a separate competition for animated films was added and in 2004 a film industry program, DOK Industry, was initiated to allow a networking and contact platform for industry professionals. Shortly after

German reunification German reunification (german: link=no, Deutsche Wiedervereinigung) was the process of re-establishing Germany as a united and fully sovereign state, which took place between 2 May 1989 and 15 March 1991. The day of 3 October 1990 when the Ge ...

attendance figures dropped, with just 5,500 people coming in 1993; however, they quickly picked up and in 2008 the festival had more than 27,000 attendees. The 2010 International Leipzig Festival for Documentary and Animated Film ran from 18 until 24 October 2010. DOK Leipzig is part of the

Doc Alliance The Doc Alliance is a creative partnership of seven European documentary film festivals, including: CPH:DOX in Copenhagen; Doclisboa; Docs Against Gravity FF; DOK Leipzig; Marseille Festival of Documentary Film; Jihlava International Documentar ...

– a creative partnership between 7 key European documentary film festivals.

History

Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R1122-031, Dean Reed bei Dokumentar- und Kurzfilmwoche

The initiative for the ''1st All-German Leipzig Festival of Cultural and Documentary Films'' came from West German journalist and film critic Ludwig Thomés who, in the course of a discussion with the East German filmmakers club, ''Club der Filmschaffenden der DDR'', proposed establishing a festival in Leipzig both as a counterpart to the ''Mannheim Culture and Documentary Filmweek'' (now known as

International Filmfestival Mannheim-Heidelberg The Mannheim-Heidelberg International Film Festival (german: Internationales Filmfestival Mannheim-Heidelberg), often referred to by the German-language initialism IFFMH, is an annual film festival established in 1952 hosted jointly by the citi ...

) and as a platform for productions from East Germany. After receiving permission from the responsible authorities, the inaugural festival was held from 11 to 17 September 1955 with Walter Kernicke as director. However, no sooner had the festival started than it was stopped. Following harsh media criticism of the political influence over and the organization of the 1956 festival the organizers attempted to force changes. The response of the Government was to cancel the 1957, 1958 and 1959 festivals. The official reasons given were: the deteriorating situation in West German film making (1957), the loss of the original function of the festival as a German cultural and documentary film week, (1958) and plans to establish a cultural and documentary film week of the socialist states (1958). In 1960 the festival returned under the name ''International Leipzig Documentary and Short Film Week'' and in 1962 the Gold and Silver Doves were introduced as prizes and the white dove appeared for the first time as the festival logo. The dove had been designed by

Pablo Picasso Pablo Ruiz Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and Scenic design, theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the most influential artists of the 20th ce ...

for the Paris World Peace Congress of 1947 and the organization committee asked French author

Vladimir Pozner Vladimir Pozner may refer to * Vladimir Pozner Jr. (born 1934), French-born Russian-American journalist and broadcaster * Vladimir Pozner Sr. (1908–1975), Soviet spy *Vladimir Pozner (writer) Vladimir Solomonovich Pozner (russian: Влади� ...

if he could seek his friend's permission to use the dove for the festival. Picasso readily agreed. In 1964 Wolfgang Harkenthal replaced Walter Kernicke as director and his first festivals took place against the backdrop of international conflicts and increasing politicization of the festival. In 1965 the 20th Anniversary of the end of the Second World War was marked by a retrospective titled "Films against fascism". In addition, Peter Ulbrich,

Stanley Forman Stanley Joseph Forman (born July 10, 1945) is an American photojournalist, who won the Pulitzer Prize for Spot News Photography two years in a row while working at the '' Boston Herald American''. Biography A native of Winthrop, Massachusett ...

and

Joris Ivens Georg Henri Anton "Joris" Ivens (18 November 1898 – 28 June 1989) was a Dutch documentary filmmaker. Among the notable films he directed or co-directed are '' A Tale of the Wind'', '' The Spanish Earth'', ''Rain'', ''...A Valparaiso'', ''M ...

appealed to all documentary film makers to give their support to Vietnam and to inform the civilian population of the behavior of the US Army. In the official festival bulletin they wrote "No responsible film maker may remain apathetic to the Vietnam question." The 1966 festival opened with a blood collection for the people of Vietnam. The tone changed somewhat in 1967 with ban being put on all Czech films documenting the developing "

Prague Spring The Prague Spring ( cs, Pražské jaro, sk, Pražská jar) was a period of political liberalization and mass protest in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic. It began on 5 January 1968, when reformist Alexander Dubček was elected First Sec ...

" movement. In 1968 the festival was renamed the ''International Leipzig Documentary and Short Film Week for Cinema and Television'' and despite the name change the festival continued to be overshadowed by bans on films critical of official East German policy, especially regarding films on the situation in Czechoslovakia and Latin American; conflicts on censorship and freedom that were to remain a feature of the festival until 1989. In 1973 Ronald Trisch took over the post of director and in 1974

Jane Fonda Jane Seymour Fonda (born December 21, 1937) is an American actress, activist, and former fashion model. Recognized as a film icon, Fonda is the recipient of various accolades including two Academy Awards, two British Academy Film Awards, sev ...

attended to promote the Vietnam film "Introduction to the Enemy". From 1983 to 1995 the

Findling Award The Findling Award or short Findling (german: Findlingspreis) was a German film award donated by the umbrella organization of cultural cinemas and film clubs Verband für Filmkommunikation. It was founded in 1982 in GDR and was awarded on sever ...

was given for the best film. Following the political changes in East Germany in 1989, the festival was assured of financial support from the transition authority and re-branded itself in 1990 the ''International Leipzig Film Week for Documentary and Animation Film'' under the directorship of Christiane Mückenberger. The early 1990s were characterized by extremely low attendances and half empty cinemas. In 1992 a competition as run with the buyer of the 3000th season pass being awarded a return flight to London. However, over the course of the decade visitor numbers started to recover with some 16,000 attendees in 1997. In 1994 Fred Gehler took over the mantle of festival director and oversaw the introduction of the separate animation competition in 1995. In 1998 the first golden dove for lifetime achievement was awarded to Santiago Álvarez and

Fernando Birri Fernando Birri (March 13, 1925 – December 27, 2017) was an Argentine film maker and theorist. He was considered by many to be the father of the new Latin American cinema. Biography Birri was born in Santa Fe, Argentina. After being involved in ...

. In 1998 the festival moved to its current home in the Passage Kino. Following Fred Gehler's retirement after the 2003 festival, Claas Danielsen was appointed new festival director and introduced the DOK Industry program as a platform for industry professionals to meet and exchange ideas. In 2005 the short title ''DOK Leipzig'' was officially launched alongside the formal International Leipzig Festival for Documentary and Animated Film.

Retrospectives

Between 1960 and 1989 the selection of the retrospectives occurred in cooperation with Staatliches Filmarchiv der DDR, the East German Film Archive. Since 1991 this function has been taken on by the Film Department of the

German Federal Archives The German Federal Archives or Bundesarchiv (BArch) (german: Bundesarchiv) are the National Archives of Germany. They were established at the current location in Koblenz in 1952. They are subordinated to the Federal Commissioner for Culture and t ...

. *1960

Dziga Vertov Dziga Vertov (russian: Дзига Вертов, born David Abelevich Kaufman, russian: Дави́д А́белевич Ка́уфман, and also known as Denis Kaufman; – 12 February 1954) was a Soviet Union, Soviet pioneer documentary f ...

*1961 Films of the world - for the peace of the world *1962

Alberto Cavalcanti Alberto de Almeida Cavalcanti (February 6, 1897 – August 23, 1982) was a Brazilian-born film director and film producer, producer. He was often credited under the single name "Cavalcanti". Early life Cavalcanti was born in Rio de Janeiro, ...

*1963

*1964

Robert Flaherty Robert Joseph Flaherty, (; February 16, 1884 – July 23, 1951) was an American filmmaker who directed and produced the first commercially successful feature-length documentary film, ''Nanook of the North'' (1922). The film made his reputatio ...

*1965 Films against fascism *1966 French documentary film *1967 50 years of Soviet documentary films *1968 Polish documentary film *1969 Documentary film and television journalism in the GDR *1970 Documentary film under Lenin *1971

Roman Karmen Roman Lazarevich Karmen (real name Efraim Leyzorovich Korenman) (russian: Роман Лазаревич Кармен; – 28 April 1978) was a Soviet film director, war cinematographer, documentary filmmaker, journalist, screenwriter, pedagogue and ...

*1972 Films in the people's struggle for freedom: Latin America *1973 Films in class struggle – Traditions of the proletarian Filmmakers in Germany before 1933 *1974 Cuban Documentary film *1975 Winners in Leipzig 1956–1974 *1976 Japan documentary film *1977 New soviet Documentary film *1978 Anima 78 - Animated films from socialist countries *1979 Trials - Films by students of the University for Film and Television of the GDR *1980 Czech Documentary film *1981 American Social Documentary – USA-Documentary films 1930–1945 *1982 Trailblazers *1983 Films in the people's struggle for freedom: Chile *1984 Reality and Film – proletarian and civic-progressive documentary films of the 1930s in Great Britain *1985 Anima for peace *1986 Spain 1939–1939 *1987 Documentary film from middleasian soviet republics *1988 Documentary film in India *1989

Klaus Wildenhahn Klaus is a German, Dutch and Scandinavian given name and surname. It originated as a short form of Nikolaus, a German form of the Greek given name Nicholas. Notable persons whose family name is Klaus * Billy Klaus (1928–2006), American baseb ...

*1990

Karl Gass Karl Gass (2 February 1917, Mannheim, Grand Duchy of Baden – 29 January 2009) was a German documentary filmmaker. He was a soldier in the elite Panzer-Grenadier-Division Großdeutschland of the Wehrmacht throughout the duration of WW2, ...

*1991 Trusting in everyday reality – Trends in documentary film making in Denmark *1992 To America *1993 Views of Leipzig *1994 Prize Reduction – Documentary film and the German Film prize *1995 Seen again – rediscovered *1996 The reality behind the images – films by

Erwin Leiser Erwin Leiser (May 16, 1923 – August 22, 1996) was a German-born Jew and director, writer, and actor. Born and raised in Berlin, he fled to Sweden at the age of 15 to escape the Nazi Party. He graduated from the University of Lund and worked as a ...

*1997 Dialogue with a legend – award-winning films from the past 40 years *1998 Alles Trick – German animated films until 1945 *1999 Children's films – Trying to draw the line *2000

Jürgen Böttcher Jürgen Böttcher (pseudonym Strawalde, born 8 July 1931) is a German film director and painter. He is best known for his film '' Born in '45''. See also * A. R. Penck Ralf Winkler, alias A. R. Penck, who also used the pseudonyms ''M ...

*2001 Memory in images – 40 retrospectives from the documentary film archive *2002 Women-Film-Women *2003 Look/Look Back and Reality Caught Unawares *2004

Volker Koepp Volker Koepp (born 22 June 1944) is a German documentary film producer. Early life Koepp was born in Stettin, a German port city then subjected to a sustained campaign of bombing during World War II. By the time the city was taken over by the ...

: People and landscapes – Films from Wittstock to Czernowitz *2005 Red films are easier spotted – The political documentary film in Germany 1980-2005 *2006 enlightening – Classic Avant-garde and Experimental-films in Germany *2007 Tracing – FilmPositions from five decades *2008 Strange Home – Migration to and from Germany *2009

*2010 Direction and Regiment – Germany and the military in documentary films from 1914 to 1989 *2011 1961 Reviewed – when the World was Split in Two *2012 Utopias and Realities – the Red Dream Factory *2013 STORM! A Journey in Eight Mass Movements through the Short 20th Century *2014 The State Owned Eye – the Camera in DEFA Documentaries *2015 Moving Borders … Europe since 1990 *2016 Seven Sins and Other Confessions in Polish Documentary Film *2017 Commanders – Chairmen – General Secretaries. Communist Rule in the Visual Languages of Cinema *2018 68 – An Open Score *2019 FRGDR – Alternate Looks at 40 Years of Dual German Statehood

References

External links

* {{Authority control Events in Leipzig Documentary film festivals in Germany Animation film festivals Film festivals established in 1955 East German culture Tourist attractions in Leipzig 1955 establishments in East Germany