Lawrence Hyde I (died 1590) was an MP who founded the influential Hyde family of

Wiltshire Wiltshire (; abbreviated Wilts) is a historic and ceremonial county in South West England with an area of . It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset to the southwest, Somerset to the west, Hampshire to the southeast, Gloucestershire ...

. He was the great-great-grandfather, through his son

Henry Hyde Henry John Hyde (April 18, 1924 – November 29, 2007) was an American politician who served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from 1975 to 2007, representing the 6th District of Illinois, an area of Chicago's ...

, of two British monarchs,

Queen Mary II Mary II (30 April 166228 December 1694) was Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland, co-reigning with her husband, William III & II, from 1689 until her death in 1694. Mary was the eldest daughter of James, Duke of York, and his first wife ...

and Queen Anne.

Origins

He was the son of Robert Hyde of Norbury, Cheshire by his 2nd or 3rd wife Katherine Boydell, daughter of a certain Boydell of Pulcroft, Cheshire.

Career

During the reign of King Henry VIII, he was a clerk in the auditor’s office of the Exchequer. He was first employed in Wiltshire by the influential Sir John Thynne of

Longleat Longleat is an English stately home and the seat of the Marquess of Bath, Marquesses of Bath. A leading and early example of the Elizabethan era, Elizabethan prodigy house, it is adjacent to the village of Horningsham and near the towns of War ...

. Following the Dissolution of the Monasteries, he served as a commissioner for the surveying and suppression of

chantries A chantry is an ecclesiastical term that may have either of two related meanings: # a chantry service, a Christian liturgy of prayers for the dead, which historically was an obiit, or # a chantry chapel, a building on private land, or an area i ...

in Wiltshire and Salisbury in 1548. At some time before 1552, he was appointed auditor to

Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford Edward Seymour, 1st Earl of Hertford, 1st Baron Beauchamp, KG (22 May 1539 – 6 April 1621), of Wulfhall and Totnam Lodge in Great Bedwyn, Wiltshire, of Hatch Beauchamp in Somerset, of Netley Abbey, Hampshire, and of Hertford House, Cannon R ...

, uncle of King Edward VI. He served as surveyor of crown lands in Somerset after 1575. He was a JP for Dorset and/or Wiltshire in about 1589. He was elected MP for

Malmesbury Malmesbury () is a town and civil parish in north Wiltshire, England, which lies approximately west of Swindon, northeast of Bristol, and north of Chippenham. The older part of the town is on a hilltop which is almost surrounded by the upp ...

in 1559,

Heytesbury Heytesbury is a village (formerly considered to be a town) and a civil parish in Wiltshire, England. The village lies on the north bank of the Wylye, about southeast of the town of Warminster. The civil parish includes most of the small neig ...

in 1584 and possibly for Chippenham in 1586, which tenure may be confused with that of his son Lawrence II.

Lands acquired

His various positions enabled him to acquire much land, much due to the Dissolution of the Monasteries. In 1549, for about £1,250, he purchased lands in Bymerton, Milton, a house in Salisbury and elsewhere in Wiltshire, and small properties in Somerset, Derbyshire and Kent. His principal acquisitions included: *

Dinton, Wiltshire Dinton is a village, civil parish and former manor in Wiltshire, England, in the Nadder valley on the B3089 road about west of Salisbury. The parish population was 696 at the 2011 census, estimated at 733 in 2019. The civil parish includes t ...

, the rectory and

advowson Advowson () or patronage is the right in English law of a patron (avowee) to present to the diocesan bishop (or in some cases the ordinary if not the same person) a nominee for appointment to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice or church living ...

of which he acquired in 1585 from

Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke Henry Herbert, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, KG, KB (in or after 153819 January 1601) was a Welsh nobleman, peer and politician of the Elizabethan era. He was the nephew of Catherine Parr, and brother-in-law of Lady Jane Grey, through his first wife ...

(1534–1601). His eldest son Robert I Hyde sold them in 1594 to his brother Sir Lawrence II Hyde (1562–1641), attorney-general to

Anne of Denmark Anne of Denmark (; 12 December 1574 – 2 March 1619) was the wife of King James VI and I; as such, she was Queen of Scotland from their marriage on 20 August 1589 and Queen of England and Ireland from the union of the Scottish and Eng ...

, wife of King James I. *West Hatch, acquired ''circa'' 1570 *Tisbury, acquired ''circa'' 1570 *Gussage St. Michael, purchased during the reign of King Edward VI (1547–1553) *

Wardour Castle Wardour Castle is a ruined 14th-century castle at Wardour, on the boundaries of the civil parishes of Tisbury and Donhead St Andrew in the English county of Wiltshire, about west of Salisbury. The castle was built in the 1390s, came into th ...

, Wiltshire, the lease of which he held for a short time before 1569 in right of his wife.

Marriages

Hyde married twice: *Firstly to Mary Hartgill, daughter of William Hartgill of Kilmington, Wiltshire (formerly in Somerset), by whom he had one son who predeceased him. *Secondly in about 1559 to Anne Sibell, daughter of Nicholas Sibell of Farningham, Kent, and widow of

Matthew Colthurst Matthew Colthurst (by 1517 – 8 July 1559), of Wardour Castle, Wiltshire and Claverton, Somerset, Claverton, Somerset, was an English politician during the reigns of Henry VIII and Edward VI. Early life Matthew was the son of Henry Colthurst of ...

(c.1517-1559), MP, of Wardour Castle, Wiltshire and Claverton, Somerset. She brought with her "a fair fortune", in the form of an inheritance from her former husband, consisting mainly of lands in Wiltshire. By Anne, he had at least two daughters, one Joanna married Edward Younge of Durnford in Wiltshire in Tisbury in 1585, and the following sons: **Robert Hyde, eldest son and heir **

(c.1563-1634), MP, father of

Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon (18 February 16099 December 1674), was an English statesman, lawyer, diplomat and historian who served as chief advisor to Charles I during the First English Civil War, and Lord Chancellor to Charles II fro ...

(1609–1674). ** Sir Lawrence Hyde (1562–1641), Attorney-general to

, wife of King James I. **Sir Nicholas Hyde (c.1572–1631),

Lord Chief Justice Lord is an appellation for a person or deity who has authority, control, or power over others, acting as a master, chief, or ruler. The appellation can also denote certain persons who hold a title of the peerage in the United Kingdom, or are ...

England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe b ...

Death and burial

Hyde died on 7 June 1590 and was buried at Tisbury, where a monument survives and mentions his son Henry, the father of Lord Clarendon.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Hyde, Lawrence Year of birth missing 1590 deaths English MPs 1559 English MPs 1584–1585 English MPs 1586–1587