Lavrenty Kartvelishvili ( ka, ლავრენტი იოსების ძე ქართველიშვილი; russian: Картвелишвили, Лаврентий Иосифович; 28 April 1890 – 22 August 1938) was a

Georgian Georgian may refer to: Common meanings * Anything related to, or originating from Georgia (country) ** Georgians, an indigenous Caucasian ethnic group ** Georgian language, a Kartvelian language spoken by Georgians **Georgian scripts, three scrip ...

Bolshevik The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ...

revolutionary and Soviet politician who served as the

First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party The First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party (; ) was the leading position in the Georgian Communist Party during the Soviet era. Its leaders were responsible for many of the affairs in Georgia and were considered the leader of the Georgian ...

from 11 September to 14 November 1931.

Biography

A son of a peasant, he was born on 16 (28) April 1890 in the village of Yaneti in Tiflis province. Involved in the revolutionary movement since 1905, he was a member of the

Russian Social Democratic Labour Party The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP; in , ''Rossiyskaya sotsial-demokraticheskaya rabochaya partiya (RSDRP)''), also known as the Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party or the Russian Social Democratic Party, was a socialist pol ...

since 1910. In 1911 he studied at the Kiev Commercial Institute, which he graduated in 1914. During the

October Revolution The October Revolution,. officially known as the Great October Socialist Revolution. in the Soviet Union, also known as the Bolshevik Revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment ...

he was in

Kiev Kyiv, also spelled Kiev, is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine. It is in north-central Ukraine along the Dnieper, Dnieper River. As of 1 January 2021, its population was 2,962,180, making Kyiv the List of European cities by populat ...

and became one of the organizers of the struggle for Soviet power in Ukraine. He was chairman of the regional committee of the RSDLP in Kiev, member of the revolutionary and underground district and city committee of the CP in

Odessa Odesa (also spelled Odessa) is the third most populous city and municipality in Ukraine and a major seaport and transport hub located in the south-west of the country, on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea. The city is also the administrativ ...

. In 1919–1920, he was first secretary and then head of the organizational department of the CP District Committee in Odessa. He was First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party (Bolshevik Party) of Georgia in 1923–1928, chairman of the Central Executive Committee of the

Georgian SSR The Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic (Georgian SSR; ka, საქართველოს საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკა, tr; russian: Грузинская Советская Соц� ...

in 1927–1928, and chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Georgian SSR in 1927–1929. From 11 September to 14 November 1931, he was

. After being replaced in Georgia by his political adversary

Lavrentiy Beria Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria (; rus, Лавре́нтий Па́влович Бе́рия, Lavréntiy Pávlovich Bériya, p=ˈbʲerʲiə; ka, ლავრენტი ბერია, tr, ; – 23 December 1953) was a Georgian Bolshevik ...

, he became between 1931 and 1933 First secretary of the National Committee of the All-Union Communist Party in Western Siberia, and between 1933 and 1936 in the Far East. From 28 December 1936 to 14 July 1937, he was First Secretary of the District Committee of the CPSU in the

Crimea Crimea, crh, Къырым, Qırım, grc, Κιμμερία / Ταυρική, translit=Kimmería / Taurikḗ ( ) is a peninsula in Ukraine, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, that has been occupied by Russia since 2014. It has a pop ...

On 29 June 1937, he was arrested by the

NKVD The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (russian: Наро́дный комиссариа́т вну́тренних дел, Naródnyy komissariát vnútrennikh del, ), abbreviated NKVD ( ), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union. ...

at the request of

Pavel Postyshev Pavel Petrovich Postyshev (russian: Па́вел Петро́вич По́стышев; – 26 February 1939) was a Soviet politician, state and Communist Party official and party publicist. He was a member of Joseph Stalin's inner circle, befor ...

, accused of espionage for Germany, Japan, Great Britain and other foreign powers, participation in a conspiracy to overthrow Soviet power and the murder of Stalin, Yezhov and other party and state leaders. Sentenced to death by the Military College of the Supreme Court of the USSR, he was executed in

Kommunarka Kommunarka is an urban-type settlement (posyolok) in Sosenskoye Settlement, Novomoskovsky Administrative Okrug, Moscow, Russia. The Kommunarka (Sokolnicheskaya line) station opened in 2019. History A mass burial site of the late 1930s, known as ...

on 22 August 1938.

References

External links

Free Dictionary
* http://www.hrono.ru/biograf/bio_k/kvartveli.php (Russian) * https://oval.ru/enc/88572.html (Russian) {{DEFAULTSORT:Kartvelishvili, Lavrenty 1890 births 1938 deaths People from Tbilisi First Secretaries of the Georgian Communist Party Deaths by firearm in Russia Executed politicians Great Purge victims from Georgia (country) Heads of government of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic Russian Social Democratic Labour Party members Old Bolsheviks Revolutionaries from Georgia (country) First Secretaries of the Communist Party of the Transcaucasian SFSR